CBSE Class 11 Maths Syllabus

MATHEMATICS (XI-XII)

(Code No. 041)

Session – 2022-23

The Syllabus in the subject of Mathematics has undergone changes from time to time in accordance with growth of the subject and emerging needs of the society. Senior Secondary stage is a launching stage from where the students go either for higher academic education in Mathematics or for professional courses like Engineering, Physical and Biological science, Commerce or Computer Applications. The present revised syllabus has been designed in accordance with National Curriculum Framework 2005 and as per guidelines given in Focus Group on Teaching of Mathematics 2005 which is to meet the emerging needs of all categories of students. Motivating the topics from real life situations and other subject areas, greater emphasis has been laid on application of various concepts.

Objectives

The broad objectives of teaching Mathematics at senior school stage intend to help the students:

• to acquire knowledge and critical understanding, particularly by way of motivation and visualization, of basic concepts, terms, principles, symbols and mastery of underlying processes and skills.
• to feel the flow of reasons while proving a result or solving a
• to apply the knowledge and skills acquired to solve problems and wherever possible, by more than one
• to develop positive attitude to think, analyze and articulate
• to develop interest in the subject by participating in related
• to acquaint students with different aspects of Mathematics used in daily
• to develop an interest in students to study Mathematics as a
• to develop awareness of the need for national integration, protection of environment, observance of small family norms, removal of social barriers, elimination of gender
• to develop reverence and respect towards great Mathematicians for their contributions to the field of

COURSE STRUCTURE CLASS XI (2022-23)

One Paper Total Period–240 [35 Minutes each]

Three Hours Max Marks: 80

*No chapter/unit-wise weightage. Care to be taken to cover all the chapters.

Unit-I: Sets and Functions

1. Sets (20) Periods

Sets and their representations, Empty set, Finite and Infinite sets, Equal sets, Subsets, Subsets of a set of real numbers especially intervals (with notations). Universal set. Venn diagrams. Union and Intersection of sets. Difference of sets. Complement of a set. Properties of Complement.

2. Relations & Functions (20) Periods

Ordered pairs. Cartesian product of sets. Number of elements in the Cartesian product of two finite sets. Cartesian product of the set of reals with itself (upto R x R x R).Definition of relation, pictorial diagrams, domain, co-domain and range of a relation. Function as a special type of relation. Pictorial representation of a function, domain, co-domain and range of a function. Real valued functions, domain and range of these functions, constant, identity, polynomial, rational, modulus, signum, exponential, logarithmic and greatest integer functions, with their graphs. Sum, difference, product and quotients of functions.

3. Trigonometric Functions (20) Periods

Positive and negative angles. Measuring angles in radians and in degrees and conversion from one measure to another. Definition of trigonometric functions with the help of unit circle. Truth of

the identity sin2x + cos2x = 1, for all x. Signs of trigonometric functions. Domain and range of trigonometric functions and their graphs. Expressing sin (x±y) and cos (x±y) in terms of sinx, siny, cosx & cosy and their simple applications. Deducing identities like the following:

tan(x ± y) =

tan x ± tan y

1 ∓ tan x tan y

1

, cot(x ± y) =

1

cot x cot y ∓ 1

cot y ± cot x

sinα ± sinβ = 2sin

2

(α ± β)cos

2

(α ∓ β)

1

cosα + cosβ = 2cos

2

1

(α + β)cos

2

1

(α − β) 1

𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛽 = −2𝑠𝑖𝑛

(𝛼 + 𝛽)𝑠𝑖𝑛

2

(𝛼 − 𝛽)

2

Identities related to sin2x, cos2x, tan2 x, sin3x, cos3x and tan3x.

Unit-II: Algebra

1. Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations (10) Periods

Need for complex numbers, especially√−1, to be motivated by inability to solve some of the quadratic equations. Algebraic properties of complex numbers. Argand plane

2. Linear Inequalities (10) Periods

Linear inequalities. Algebraic solutions of linear inequalities in one variable and their representation on the number line.

3. Permutations and Combinations (10) Periods

Fundamental principle of counting. Factorial n. (n!) Permutations and combinations, derivation of Formulae for ⁿPr and ⁿCr and their connections, simple applications.

4. Binomial Theorem (10) Periods

Historical perspective, statement and proof of the binomial theorem for positive integral indices. Pascal’s triangle, simple applications.

5. Sequence and Series (10) Periods

Sequence and Series. Arithmetic Mean (A.M.) Geometric Progression (G.P.), general term of a G.P., sum of n terms of a G.P., infinite G.P. and its sum, geometric mean (G.M.), relation between

A.M. and G.M.

Unit-III: Coordinate Geometry

1. Straight Lines (15) Periods

Brief recall of two dimensional geometry from earlier classes. Slope of a line and angle between two lines. Various forms of equations of a line: parallel to axis, point -slope form, slope-intercept form, two-point form, intercept form, Distance of a point from a line.

2. Conic Sections (25) Periods

Sections of a cone: circles, ellipse, parabola, hyperbola, a point, a straight line and a pair of intersecting lines as a degenerated case of a conic section. Standard equations and simple properties of parabola, ellipse and hyperbola. Standard equation of a circle.

3. Introduction to Three-dimensional Geometry (10) Periods

Coordinate axes and coordinate planes in three dimensions. Coordinates of a point. Distance between two points.

Unit-IV: Calculus

1. Limits and Derivatives (40) Periods

Derivative introduced as rate of change both as that of distance function and geometrically. Intuitive idea of limit. Limits of polynomials and rational functions trigonometric, exponential and logarithmic functions. Definition of derivative relate it to scope of tangent of the curve, derivative of sum, difference, product and quotient of functions. Derivatives of polynomial and trigonometric functions.

Unit-V Statistics and Probability

1. Statistics (20) Periods

Measures of Dispersion: Range, Mean deviation, variance and standard deviation of ungrouped/grouped data.

2. Probability (20) Periods

Events; occurrence of events, ‘not’, ‘and’ and ‘or’ events, exhaustive events, mutually exclusive events, Axiomatic (set theoretic) probability, connections with other theories of earlier classes. Probability of an event, probability of ‘not’, ‘and’ and ‘or’ events.

MATHEMATICS QUESTION PAPER DESIGN

CLASS – XI (2022-23)

Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 80

1. No chapter wise Care to be taken to cover all the chapters
2. Suitable internal variations may be made for generating various templates keeping the overall weightage to different form of questions and typology of questions

Choice(s):

There will be no overall choice in the question paper. However, 33% internal choices will be given in all the sections

Note: Please refer the guidelines given under XII Mathematics Syllabus:

CLASS-XII

One Paper Max Marks: 80

Unit-I: Relations and Functions

1. Relations and Functions 15 Periods

Types of relations: reflexive, symmetric, transitive and equivalence relations. One to one and onto functions.

2. Inverse Trigonometric Functions 15 Periods Definition, range, domain, principal value branch. Graphs of inverse trigonometric functions. Unit-II: Algebra

1. Matrices 25 Periods

Concept, notation, order, equality, types of matrices, zero and identity matrix, transpose of a matrix, symmetric and skew symmetric matrices. Operation on matrices: Addition and multiplication and multiplication with a scalar. Simple properties of addition, multiplication and scalar multiplication. On- commutativity of multiplication of matrices and existence of non-zero matrices whose product is the zero matrix (restrict to square matrices of order 2). Invertible matrices and proof of the uniqueness of inverse, if it exists; (Here all matrices will have real entries).

2. Determinants 25 Periods

Determinant of a square matrix (up to 3 x 3 matrices), minors, co-factors and applications of determinants in finding the area of a triangle. Adjoint and inverse of a square matrix. Consistency, inconsistency and number of solutions of system of linear equations by examples, solving system of linear equations in two or three variables (having unique solution) using inverse of a matrix.

Unit-III: Calculus

1. Continuity and Differentiability 20 Periods

Continuity and differentiability, chain rule, derivative of inverse trigonometric functions,

𝑙𝑖𝑘𝑒 sin⁻¹ 𝑥 , cos⁻¹ 𝑥 and tan⁻¹ 𝑥, derivative of implicit functions. Concept of exponential and logarithmic functions.

Derivatives of logarithmic and exponential functions. Logarithmic differentiation, derivative of functions expressed in parametric forms. Second order derivatives.

2. Applications of Derivatives 10 Periods Applications of derivatives: rate of change of bodies, increasing/decreasing functions, maxima and minima (first derivative test motivated geometrically and second derivative test given as a provable tool). Simple problems (that illustrate basic principles and understanding of the subject as well as real- life situations).

3. Integrals 20 Periods

Integration as inverse process of differentiation. Integration of a variety of functions by substitution, by partial fractions and by parts, Evaluation of simple integrals of the following types and problems based on them.

dx dx dx dx dx

∫ x² ± a^2, ∫ √x2 ± a2 , ∫ √a2 − x2 , ∫ ax² + bx + c , ∫ √ 2+bx+c

px + q

∫ ax² + bx + c

px + q

dx, ∫ dx, ∫ √a² ± x² dx, ∫ √x² − a² dx

√ax²⁺bx + c

∫ √𝑎𝑥² + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 𝑑𝑥,

Fundamental Theorem of Calculus (without proof). Basic properties of definite integrals and evaluation of definite integrals.

4. Applications of the Integrals 15 Periods

Applications in finding the area under simple curves, especially lines, circles/ parabolas/ellipses (in standard form only)

5. Differential Equations 15 Periods

Definition, order and degree, general and particular solutions of a differential equation. Solution of differential equations by method of separation of variables, solutions of homogeneous differential equations of first order and first degree. Solutions of linear differential equation of the type:

dy dx d𝑥 d𝑦

+ py = q, where p and q are functions of x or constants.

+ px = q, where p and q are functions of y or constants.

Unit-IV: Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry

1. Vectors 15 Periods

Vectors and scalars, magnitude and direction of a vector. Direction cosines and direction ratios of a vector. Types of vectors (equal, unit, zero, parallel and collinear vectors), position vector of a point, negative of a vector, components of a vector, addition of vectors, multiplication of a vector by a scalar, position vector of a point dividing a line segment in a given ratio. Definition, Geometrical Interpretation, properties and application of scalar (dot) product of vectors, vector (cross) product of vectors.

2. Three – dimensional Geometry 15 Periods Direction cosines and direction ratios of a line joining two Cartesian equation and vector equation of a line, skew lines, shortest distance between two lines. Angle between two lines.

Unit-V: Linear Programming

1. Linear Programming 20 Periods

Introduction, related terminology such as constraints, objective function, optimization, graphical method of solution for problems in two variables, feasible and infeasible regions (bounded or unbounded), feasible and infeasible solutions, optimal feasible solutions (up to three non-trivial constraints).

Unit-VI: Probability

1. Probability 30 Periods

Conditional probability, multiplication theorem on probability, independent events, total probability, Bayes’ theorem, Random variable and its probability distribution, mean of random variable.

MATHEMATICS (Code No. – 041)

QUESTION PAPER DESIGN CLASS – XII

(2022-23)

Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 80

1. No chapter wise Care to be taken to cover all the chapters
2. Suitable internal variations may be made for generating various templates keeping the overall weightage to different form of questions and typology of questions

Choice(s):

There will be no overall choice in the question paper. However, 33% internal choices will be given in all the sections

Note: For activities NCERT Lab Manual may be referred.

Conduct of Periodic Tests:

Periodic Test is a Pen and Paper assessment which is to be conducted by the respective subject teacher. The format of periodic test must have questions items with a balance mix, such as, very short answer (VSA), short answer (SA) and long answer (LA) to effectively assess the knowledge, understanding, application, skills, analysis, evaluation and synthesis. Depending on the nature of subject, the subject teacher will have the liberty of incorporating any other types of questions too. The modalities of the PT are as follows:

1. Mode: The periodic test is to be taken in the form of pen-paper

1. Schedule: In the entire Academic Year, three Periodic Tests in each subject may be conducted as follows:

This is only a suggestive schedule and schools may conduct periodic tests as per their convenience. The winter bound schools would develop their own schedule with similar time gaps between two consecutive tests.

1. Average of Marks: Once schools complete the conduct of all the three periodic tests, they will convert the weightage of each of the three tests into ten marks each for identifying best two tests. The best two will be taken into consideration and the average of the two shall be taken as the final marks for
2. The school will ensure simple documentation to keep a record of performance as suggested in detail circular Acad-05/2017.
3. Sharing of Feedback/Performance: The students’ achievement in each test must be shared with the students and their parents to give them an overview of the level of learning that has taken place during different periods. Feedback will help parents formulate interventions (conducive ambience, support materials, motivation and morale-boosting) to further enhance A teacher, while sharing the feedback with student or parent, should be empathetic, non- judgmental and motivating. It is recommended that the teacher share best examples/performances of IA with the class to motivate all learners.

Assessment of Activity Work:

Throughout the year any 10 activities shall be performed by the student from the activities given in the NCERT Laboratory Manual for the respective class (XI or XII) which is available on the link: http://www.ncert.nic.in/exemplar/labmanuals.htmla record of the same may be kept by the student. An year end test on the activity may be conducted

The weightage are as under:

• The activities performed by the student throughout the year and record keeping

: 5 marks

• Assessment of the activity performed during the year end test: 3 marks
• Viva-voce: 2 marks

Prescribed Books:

• Mathematics Textbook for Class XI, NCERT Publications
• Mathematics Part I – Textbook for Class XII, NCERT Publication
• Mathematics Part II – Textbook for Class XII, NCERT Publication
• Mathematics Exemplar Problem for Class XI, Published by NCERT
• Mathematics Exemplar Problem for Class XII, Published by NCERT
• Mathematics Lab Manual class XI, published by NCERT
• Mathematics Lab Manual class XII, published by NCERT