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Q:

What is the language spoken in Flanders?

A:

Dutch is spoken in Flanders. It is the only official language.

Q:

What is the language spoken in Flanders?

A:

Dutch is spoken in Flanders. It is the only official language.

Q:

Thinking about language
1. Find out the correlates of Yin and Yang in other cultures.

A:

Indian culture lays stress on Nature and God. Nature is the Yen or female part whereas God the creator is the Yang or male part. This concept is also known as Maya or Brahma. The combination of the two creates the whole world, all it objects and also inhabitants.

Q:

Find out the correlates of Yin and Yang in other cultures.

A:

Indian culture lays stress on Nature and God. Nature is the Yen or female part whereas God the creator is the Yang or male part. This concept is also known as Maya or Brahma. The combination of the two creates the whole world, all it objects and also inhabitants.

Q:

What do you understand by the terms ‘outsider art’ and ‘art brut’ or ‘raw art’?

A:

Outsiders art refers to those art who have no right to be artists as they have received no formal training. Even then, they show talent and artistic insight. Art brut or raw art are the works of art in their raw state as regards to cultural and artistic influences.

Q:

Explain the concept of shanshui.

A:

Shanshui, meaning mountain water, refers to a style of Chinese painting that involves natural landscapes that has a spiritual and conceptual space. It represents the two complementary poles (yin and yang) reflecting the Daoist view of the universe.

Q:

Contrast the Chinese view of art with the European view with examples.

A:

The Chinese paintings are based on imaginative, inner or spiritual approach whereas the European paintings reproduce an actual view, of an external or real object. The paintings of Wu Daozi and the master painters of Europe illustrate the difference.

Q:

Now find five sentences each for the rest of the words to show the different senses in which each of them is used.
Noticing form
A classical Chinese landscape is not meant to reproduce an actual view, as would a Western figurative painting.
Whereas the European painter wants you to borrow his eyes and look at a particular landscape exactly as he saw it, from a specific angle, the Chinese painter does not choose a single viewpoint.
The above two examples are ways in which contrast may be expressed.
Combine the following sets of ideas to show the contrast between them.
1. (i) European art tries to achieve a perfect, illusionistic likeness.
(ii) Asian art tries to capture the essence of inner life and spirit.

2. (i) The Emperor commissions a painting and appreciates its outer appearance.
(ii)The artist reveals to him the true meaning of his work.

3. (i) The Emperor may rule over the territory he has conquered.
(ii)The artist knows the way within.

A:

1. While European art tries to achieve a perfect, illusionistic likeness, Asian art, on the other hand, tries to capture the essence of inner life and spirit.
2. Even though the Emperor commissions a painting and appreciates its outer appearance, it is the artist who reveals to him the true meaning of his work.
3. Despite the Emperor ruling over the territory he has conquered, the artist knows the way within.

Q:

Now find five sentences each for the rest of the words to show the different senses in which each of them is used. Noticing form A classical Chinese landscape is not meant to reproduce an actual view, as would a Western figurative painting. Whereas the European painter wants you to borrow his eyes and look at a particular landscape exactly as he saw it, from a specific angle, the Chinese painter does not choose a single viewpoint. The above two examples are ways in which contrast may be expressed. Combine the following sets of ideas to show the contrast between them. 1. (i) European art tries to achieve a perfect, illusionistic likeness. (ii) Asian art tries to capture the essence of inner life and spirit. 2. (i) The Emperor commissions a painting and appreciates its outer appearance. (ii)The artist reveals to him the true meaning of his work. 3. (i) The Emperor may rule over the territory he has conquered. (ii)The artist knows the way within.

A:

1. While European art tries to achieve a perfect, illusionistic likeness, Asian art, on the other hand, tries to capture the essence of inner life and spirit.

2. Even though the Emperor commissions a painting and appreciates its outer appearance, it is the artist who reveals to him the true meaning of his work.

3. Despite the Emperor ruling over the territory he has conquered, the artist knows the way within.

Q:

(i) Their repetitive structure must have taught the people around the great composer the essence of music.
(ii) Part of the answer is in the proposition; but the essence is in the meaning.
(iii) The implications of these schools of thought are of practical essence for the teacher.
(iv) They had added vanilla essence to the pudding.

A:

(i) the most important quality of something that makes it what it is.
(ii) the main part.
(iii) practical importance
(iv) liquid taken from vanilla that contains its smell and taste in a very strong form

Q:

“The landscape is an inner one, a spiritual and conceptual space.”

A:

This phrase explains the Chinese art from where a Chinese painter wants you to enter his mind rather than borrow his eyes. This is a physical as well as a mental participation. It is a landscape created by the artist to travel up and down, and back again, through the viewer’s eyes. The landscape is not real and can be reached from any point.

Q:

Discuss the following statements in groups of four.
1. “The Emperor may rule over the territory he has conquered, but only the artist knows the way within.”

A:

This sentence explains the fact that even though an Emperor might rule an entire kingdom and have power over his conquered territory, only an artist would be able to go beyond any material appearance. He knows both the path and the method of the mysterious work of the universe. True meaning of his work can be only by means known to him, irrespective of how powerful an emperor is.

Q:

(i) Contrast the Chinese view of art with the European view with examples.
(ii) Explain the concept of shanshui.

A:

(i) The Chinese paintings are based on imaginative, inner or spiritual approach whereas the European paintings reproduce an actual view, of an external or real object. The paintings of Wu Daozi and the master painters of Europe illustrate the difference.
(ii) Shanshui, meaning mountain water, refers to a style of Chinese painting that involves natural landscapes that has a spiritual and conceptual space. It represents the two complementary poles (yin and yang) reflecting the Daoist view of the universe.

Q:

(i) Their repetitive structure must have taught the people around the great composer the essence of music. (ii) Part of the answer is in the proposition; but the essence is in the meaning. (iii) The implications of these schools of thought are of practical essence for the teacher. (iv) They had added vanilla essence to the pudding.

A:

(i) the most important quality of something that makes it what it is.

(ii) the main part.

(iii) practical importance

(iv) liquid taken from vanilla that contains its smell and taste in a very strong form

Q:

“The landscape is an inner one, a spiritual and conceptual space.”

A:

This phrase explains the Chinese art from where a Chinese painter wants you to enter his mind rather than borrow his eyes. This is a physical as well as a mental participation. It is a landscape created by the artist to travel up and down, and back again, through the viewer’s eyes. The landscape is not real and can be reached from any point.

Q:

“The Emperor may rule over the territory he has conquered, but only the artist knows the way within.”

A:

This sentence explains the fact that even though an Emperor might rule an entire kingdom and have power over his conquered territory, only an artist would be able to go beyond any material appearance. He knows both the path and the method of the mysterious work of the universe. True meaning of his work can be only by means known to him, irrespective of how powerful an emperor is.

Q:

Who was the “untutored genius who created a paradise” and what is the nature of his contribution to art?

A:

The untutored genius who created paradise was Nek Chand, a year old creator-director who made the world famous rock garden at Chandigarh. His art is considered outsider art in which he sculpted with stone and recycled materials. He used anything and everything from a tin to a sink to a broken down car to form an artistic piece. One of his famous creations includes ‘Women by the Waterfall’.

Q:

Working with words
I. The following common words are used in more than one sense.
panel
studio
brush
essence
material
Examine the following sets of sentences to find out what the words, ‘panel’ and ‘essence’ mean in different contexts. 1.
(i) The masks from Bawa village in Mali look like long panels of decorated wood.
(ii) Judge H. Hobart Grooms told the jury panel he had heard the reports.
(iii) The panel is laying the groundwork for an international treaty.
(iv) The glass panels of the window were broken.
(v) Through the many round tables, workshops and panel discussions, a consensus was reached.
(vi) The sink in the hinged panel above the bunk drains into the head.

A:

Panel
(i) boards of decorated wood.
(ii) group of men selected to give unanimous verdict on a legal case
(iii) group experts
(iv) window panes
(v) group discussions
(vi) a flat board fixed with a hinge

Q:

(i) What do you understand by the terms ‘outsider art’ and ‘art brut’ or ‘raw art’? [2]
(ii) Who was the “untutored genius who created a paradise” and what is the nature of his contribution to art? [4]

A:

(i) Outsiders art refers to those art who have no right to be artists as they have received no formal training. Even then, they show talent and artistic insight. Art brut or raw art are the works of art in their raw state as regards to cultural and artistic influences.
(ii) The untutored genius who created paradise was Nek Chand, a year old creator-director who made the world famous rock garden at Chandigarh. His art is considered outsider art in which he sculpted with stone and recycled materials. He used anything and everything from a tin to a sink to a broken down car to form an artistic piece. One of his famous creations includes ‘Women by the Waterfall’.

Q:

The following common words are used in more than one sense. panel studio brush essence material Examine the following sets of sentences to find out what the words, ‘panel’ and ‘essence’ mean in different contexts. (i) The masks from Bawa village in Mali look like long panels of decorated wood. (ii) Judge H. Hobart Grooms told the jury panel he had heard the reports. (iii) The panel is laying the groundwork for an international treaty. iv) The glass panels of the window were broken. (v) Through the many round tables, workshops and panel discussions, a consensus was reached. (vi) The sink in the hinged panel above the bunk drains into the head.

A:

Panel

(i) boards of decorated wood.

(ii) group of men selected to give unanimous verdict on a legal case

(iii) group experts

(iv) window panes

(v) group discussions

(vi) a flat board fixed with a hinge

Q:

Find out about experiments in recycling that help in environmental conservation.

A:

A few items that can be recycled in our day today life helps in safeguarding the environment. Aluminum cans used to store soda, steel cans used for canned vegetables, juice and other food items can be easily recycled and reused. Plastic beverage containers are also biodegradable plastics. One should not throw newspapers as they can be used for many other household purposes like wrapping things, carrying dry stuff from the grocer etc. Instead of tossing out cardboard boxes, break them down and deliver them to your local recycling facility.

Instead of throwing away food scraps from your kitchen, start a compost pile or bin in your back yard. When you make your own compost, you'll have a ready supply of free organic fertilizer for your flowers, lawn, and vegetable garden. You can even add leaves and grass to this!

Experiments in recycling that help in environmental conservation are given below. The uranium left over from processing it into nuclear weapons and fuel for nuclear reactors is called depleted uranium and it is used by all branches of the U.S. military use for armor-piercing shells and shielding Paper bags, chocolate boxes, gift boxes and corporate gifting are recycled handmade paper products.

Q:

Things to do
1. Find out about as many Indian schools of painting as you can.
Write a short note on the distinctive features of each school.

A:

India is a diverse country with multiple art and painting style embedded diversely in different parts of the country which largely depend upon culture, time and region. Different Indian schools of painting are listed below.

  • Bengal School of Art
  • Bikaner style of painting
  • Chitrakathi
  • Kalamkari
  • Pahari painting
  • Patna School of Painting
  • Pattachitra Ragamala paintings
  • Rajput painting
  • Warli painting

The Chitrakathi is the name of an occupational caste whose traditional livelihood was to narrate stories aided with pictures sojourning various places.
Kalamkari is a type of hand-painted or block-printed cotton textile, produced in Indian states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. Only natural dyes are used in Kalamkari and it involves twenty three steps.
Pahari painting (literally meaning a painting from the mountainous regions: pahar means a mountain in Hindi) is an umbrella term used for a form of Indian painting, done mostly in miniature forms, originating from Himalayan hill kingdoms of North India, during 17th-19th century.
Pattachitra or Patachitra is a general term for traditional, cloth-based scroll painting, based in the eastern Indian states of Odisha and West Bengal.
Rajput painting, also called Rajasthani painting, evolved and flourished in the royal courts of Rajputana in northern India, mainly during the 17th and 18th centuries.

Q:

Find out about experiments in recycling that help in environmental conservation

A:

A few items that can be recycled in our day today life helps in safeguarding the environment. Aluminum cans used to store soda, steel cans used for canned vegetables, juice and other food items can be easily recycled and reused. Plastic beverage containers are also biodegradable plastics. One should not throw newspapers as they can be used for many other household purposes like wrapping things, carrying dry stuff from the grocer etc. Instead of tossing out cardboard boxes, break them down and deliver them to your local recycling facility.

Instead of throwing away food scraps from your kitchen, start a compost pile or bin in your back yard. When you make your own compost, you'll have a ready supply of free organic fertilizer for your flowers, lawn, and vegetable garden. You can even add leaves and grass to this!

Experiments in recycling that help in environmental conservation are given below. The uranium left over from processing it into nuclear weapons and fuel for nuclear reactors is called depleted uranium and it is used by all branches of the U.S. military use for armor-piercing shells and shielding Paper bags, chocolate boxes, gift boxes and corporate gifting are recycled handmade paper products.

Q:

Find out about as many Indian schools of painting as you can. Write a short note on the distinctive features of each school.

A:

India is a diverse country with multiple art and painting style embedded diversely in different parts of the country which largely depend upon culture, time and region. Different Indian schools of painting are listed below.

  • Bengal School of Art
  • Bikaner style of painting
  • Chitrakathi
  • Kalamkari
  • Pahari painting
  • Patna School of Painting
  • Pattachitra Ragamala paintings
  • Rajput painting
  • Warli painting

The Chitrakathi is the name of an occupational caste whose traditional livelihood was to narrate stories aided with pictures sojourning various places.

Kalamkari is a type of hand-painted or block-printed cotton textile, produced in Indian states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. Only natural dyes are used in Kalamkari and it involves twenty three steps.

Pahari painting (literally meaning a painting from the mountainous regions: pahar means a mountain in Hindi) is an umbrella term used for a form of Indian painting, done mostly in miniature forms, originating from Himalayan hill kingdoms of North India, during 17th-19th century.

Pattachitra or Patachitra is a general term for traditional, cloth-based scroll painting, based in the eastern Indian states of Odisha and West Bengal.

Rajput painting, also called Rajasthani painting, evolved and flourished in the royal courts of Rajputana in northern India, mainly during the 17th and 18th centuries.

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