(i) (b) Representative Fraction
(ii) (a) Numerator
(iii) (b) Map distance
i. The given R. F. of 1 : 100,000 may be converted into Statement of Scale using the following steps :
ii. The given R. F. of 1 : 31680 may be converted into Statement of Scale using the following steps :
iii. The given R. F. of 1 : 126,720 may be converted into Statement of Scale using the following steps :
iv. The given R. F. of 1 : 50,000 may be converted into Statement of Scale using the following steps :
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
(i) Two different systems of measurement are the Metric System of Measurement and the English System of Measurement. The Metric System of Measurement (kilometre, metre, centimetre, and the millimetre) is presently used in India and the English System of Measurement (miles, furlongs, yards, feet) is common in both the United States and the United Kingdom.
(ii) The scale of a map may be indicated in the form of a written statement. For example, in the Metric System of Measurement, statement stating 1 cm represents 20 km, it means that on that map a distance of 1 cm is representing 20 km of the corresponding ground distance. It may also be expressed in the English System of Measurement, i.e., 1 inch represents 20 miles.
(iii) Representative Fraction is the ratio between distances on the map and the corresponding distance on the ground. Both the numerator and the denominator are in the same units, so those familiar either with the Metric Scale or English Scale can interpret the map. This quality of expressing scale in units in Representative Fraction makes it a universally acceptable and usable method.
(iv) Graphical method shows map distances and the corresponding ground distances using a line bar with primary and secondary divisions marked on it. The graphical scale stands valid even when the map is reduced or enlarged. This is the unique advantage of the graphical method of the map scale.
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