CBSE Class 11 Biology Revision Notes Chapter 13

CBSE Class 11 Biology Revision Notes Chapter 13 – Photosynthesis in Higher Plants

Class 11 Biology Chapter 13 – Photosynthesis in Higher Plants introduces students to the process of photosynthesis in plants. How this process takes place, the components produced, and how plants utilise the byproducts of photosynthesis are some of the important topics covered in this chapter. Class 11 Biology Chapter 13 notes by Extramarks summarise all the important topics covered in the chapter in an easy-to-understand language so that students can prepare for this chapter without any hassle. Students can access these notes any time from the Extramarks’ website.

CBSE Class 11 Biology Revision Notes Chapter 13 – Photosynthesis in Higher Plants

Chapter 13 of Biology Class 11 covers the concept of photosynthesis in plants and its significance in detail. Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants make their own food. In this process, plants process the carbon dioxide from the atmosphere using the energy from the sunlight, which results in carbohydrates including glucose and starch. 

This chapter is essential for students as the basics learnt over here will be beneficial to students in the later stages of their studies.

Topics Covered In Class 11 Biology Notes Chapter 13

The important topics covered in this chapter and the revision notes by Extramarks are listed below:

  • What do we know about Photosynthesis?
  • Early Experiments
  • Where does Photosynthesis take place?
  • How many types of pigments are involved in photosynthesis?
  • What is a light reaction?
  • The electron transport
    • Splitting of water
    • Cyclic and Noncyclic Photo-phosphorylation
    • Chemiosmotic Hypothesis
  • Where are the ATP and NADPH used?
    • The primary acceptor of CO2
    • The Calvin cycle
  • The C4 Pathway
  • Photorespiration
  • Factors affecting Photosynthesis
    • Light
    • Carbon dioxide concentration
    • Temperature
    • Water

How will CBSE Class 11 Biology Notes Chapter 13 Help Me?

Notes of Class 11 Biology Chapter 13 will help students understand complex topics and prepare for examinations and entrance examinations. Students can practice the notes, verify their knowledge of a particular topic, and assess their performance. It will help students know their strengths and weaknesses in this chapter. Thus, they can understand all the concepts comprehensively and also from the exam point of view. 

Besides this, students will get convenient and concise notes helping them at the end moment of preparations. Chapter 13 Biology Class 11 notes are designed by highly qualified academic professionals who have extensive knowledge and expertise in the topics covered in the syllabus. The content and language used to create the notes are easy to comprehend, keeping the CBSE standards in mind.

These notes can help students revise the whole chapter quickly during their exam preparation. Also, students can understand any topic from their textbook that they find complex to comprehend.

Following are the Key Features of the Notes for Chapter 13 for Biology Class 11 from Extramarks:

Key features of revision notes by Extramarks are listed below:

  • With these notes, students get easy to understand and learn online study material that they can utilise to answer all the questions of this chapter.
  • By practising these notes, students will be able to solve past years’ question papers and sample question papers.
  • These notes can help students boost their confidence in this chapter and identify their strengths and weaknesses.
  • These have well-elaborated notes and neatly framed diagrams that let students easily understand any topic.

Some Questions Related to Photosynthesis in Higher Plants

  1. Why does a leaf turn yellow or pale green when kept in the dark?

Ans: Due to the inability of chlorophyll to absorb the energy in the dark, it loses its stability and cannot provide colouration to the leaf. This is why a leaf turns yellow or pale green when kept in the dark. With this, it is also proved that carotenoids which impart yellow colour are more stable.

  1. By looking externally at a plant, how do you know that it is C3 or C4?

Ans: Plants having C3 or C4 are adaptive to dry tropical conditions and do not show any other external morphological characteristics. Therefore, it is impossible to determine whether a plant is C3 or C4 just by observing its external appearance.

  1. Can you differentiate between C3 and C4 plants by looking at their internal structures?

Ans: Yes, it is possible to differentiate between C3 and C4 plants with the help of their internal structures. The significant difference is that the C3 plants do not have Kranz anatomy like C4 plants. Another critical difference is that C4 plants have specialised bundle sheath cells surrounding the vascular bundles. Every cell of the bundle sheath of the plant consists of chloroplasts. On the other hand, the bundle sheath of C3 plants does not have chloroplasts, and the mesophyll cells of the leaves are divided into the spongy and palisade parenchyma.

FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)

1. Describe the relationship between respiration and photosynthesis.

Both the processes are related to each other. In photosynthesis, the sunlight provides energy to the plants. During respiration, the glucose molecule breaks down to get energy in the form of ATP molecules. These processes depend on each other. Glucose is the form of food utilised in respiration, the end product of photosynthesis to produce ATP. In respiration, water and carbon dioxide are released, which plants use to produce sugar in photosynthesis.

2. Why is photorespiration in C4 plants absent?

In C3 plants, the process of photorespiration takes place. In this process, due to the modification in RuBP carboxylase oxygenase, plants lose carbon dioxide fixation. Because of the developed mechanism in C4 plants, they do not lose carbon dioxide. There is no direct contact with RuBP carboxylase oxygenase because the C3 cycle functions in bundle sheath cells. The malic acid is passed to bundle sheath cells, where carbon dioxide is utilised in the Calvin cycle. This Calvin cycle is absent in C4 plants, which is why photorespiration is absent in C4 plants.