The Sentence

A sentence is a group of words that gives complete sense. It will have a subject and a predicate of its own. The subject is the doer or agent of the action in a sentence. It is usually about the state, quality, condition or position of the subject. The predicate on the other hand is the verb and the other associated words.

For Example: The lion roared ferociously. (Here, “The lion” is the subject and “roared ferociously” is the predicate.)

KINDS OF SENTENCES: There are four kinds of sentences:

a) Assertive Sentence: A sentence that states, asserts or declares something is called an assertive sentence. E.g. My brother stays in Mumbai.

b) Interrogative Sentence: A sentence that asks a question is called an interrogative sentence. E.g. What is the name of this monument?

c) Imperative Sentence: A sentence which gives a command, makes a request, or expresses a wish is called an imperative sentence. E.g. Please clean the room.

d) Exclamatory Sentence: A sentence that expresses sudden and strong feelings such as surprise, wonder, pity, sympathy, happiness or gratitude is called an exclamatory sentence. E.g. What an amazing sight!

PARTS OF SENTENCES: In each sentence there are three parts.

Subject

Verb

Object

Predicate: The part of a sentence formed by the verb or the verb and the object together is known as a predicate.

ENLARGEMENT

Enlargement of subject: The enlargement of a subject can be an adjective, a participle, an infinitive, a noun or a pronoun in the possessive case, and so on.

Enlargement of predicate: Enlargement of predicate can be an adverb, an adjective, a participle, an infinitive, an adverbial object, a preposition with an object, an adverbial phrase, an absolute phrase.

Enlargement of object: Enlargement of object can be an adjective or noun used as an adjective, a participle, an infinitive qualifying a noun, etc.

COMPLEMENT

A complement can be a noun, a pronoun, an adjective, an infinitive, an adverb, a participle or a noun phrase. A complement has two forms:

Subjective Complement: Subjective complements are complements of verbs of incomplete predication and refer to the subject.

Objective Complement: Objective complements can be a noun or an adjective and they rename or modify the direct object.