NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Geography Chapter 6 – Population

Humans are the one race that brings maximum changes and variation in the environment through farming, fishing, industrialisation or mining. It is the count of people or population which needs to be analysed and studied in detail to improve the present living condition and plan a better future. NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Geography Chapter 6 deals with the chapter Population and describes our country’s population, its salient features and where we stand vis a vis the rest of the world.  

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 social science Geography Chapter 6 discusses various aspects of a population like growth, size, distribution, dynamics, composition based on age, sex ratio, health, occupation etc., and also brings out the importance of the National Population Policy 2000. This chapter is based on the CBSE syllabus and compiled by professionals on NCERT guidelines in a language that is easy and reaches out to students of varying intellect. 

Key Topics Covered In NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Geography Chapter 6

The table below provides the topics covered under NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Geography Chapter 6.

Exercise Topic
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Population size and distribution
6.3 Population growth
6.4 Dynamics in Population
6.4.1 Birth Rate
6.4.2 Death Rate
6.4.3 Migration
6.5 Characteristics of Population
6.5.1 On the basis of age
6.5.2 Sex Ratio
6.5.3 Literacy factor
6.5.4 Occupation structure and development
6.5.5 On the basis of Health
6.6 National Population Policy (NPP)
Others FAQ

A brief of the topics covered under NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Geography Chapter 6 is given below. 

6.1 Introduction to Population

Man is the greatest consumer of natural resources, and its reasonable use in future depends on the population. Calamities like earthquakes, floods or pandemics are mainly associated with the human race, and we account for destruction in terms of the death of people. Naturally, it is crucial to know how many people live, where they live and what they do to understand our environment better. NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Geography Chapter 6 brings out this concept by explaining population growth, its changes, characteristics based on literacy, age group, sex ratio, occupation, health and the steps taken by our government to ensure a contained and healthy population.

NCERT Solutions provide detailed and authentic answers to all the textbook questions. Through those, the students can understand, remember and retain answers to NCERT questions and thus, perform well in exams

6.2 Population size and distribution 

The Population of India stood at 1.21 billion as per the census taken in March 2011, accounting for 17.5 per cent of the world’s population but distributed unevenly over an area of 3.28 million square kilometres, which is about 2.4 percent of the world’s total area. The NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Geography Chapter 6 explains population density or the count of people over a unit area keeping in mind the terrain, climatic conditions and accessibility. 

6.3 Population growth

NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Geography Chapter 6 terms growth as the increase in the count of people in a country over a specified period. We can measure growth by absolute numbers (magnitude of growth) or based on the number of persons added for every 100 persons in the base population (growth rate). Annual growth rates are the calculations made for a year. Sometimes we see a negative growth or decline in the people, as has been the case in India since 1981, attributed to a lesser birth rate and birth control awareness. Despite that, the total additions to the population base continue to increase, as is seen in our country.  

6.4 Dynamics in Population

The factors governing changes in population are elaborated in NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Geography Chapter 6 and explained below:-

  • Birth Rate is the count of live births per thousand persons in a year, which is population growth. In India, the birth rate has always been more significant than death. 
  • Death Rate is the count of deaths per thousand persons in a year. Improved Health and lesser deaths have again contributed to high growth in population.
  • Migration is the movement of people across the Geography which directly impacts the distribution and composition of the population. It can be between countries or the movement of people within the same country. In India, the lure of the city has pulled the people from rural to urban areas. Further, the poor living conditions have pushed the people out of villages towards greener pastures, searching for jobs, education and better facilities.

6.5 Characteristics of Population

NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Geography Chapter 6 talks about many characteristics of a population: one of them is the age factor. Based on the age group of the people, we can decide on their needs, capabilities, purchasing power and efficiency. The population consists of children, working adults and the aged, and the proportion defines a country’s social and economic standing. 

Sex Ratio is the count of females for every 1000 males in the population and determines the social standing. The patriarchal society in India has always been unfavourable to female members, as brought out in NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Geography Chapter 6. 

The level of literacy in the population governs the economic development in that country. An educated individual will be able to make intelligent decisions based on research and take up reforms to lead the path of development. NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Geography Chapter 6 says that a seven-year-old or an older person who can read and write in any chosen language is considered literate. Though India has shown progress in improving the literacy of its citizens, we still lag in worldwide comparison. 

Another feature of the population is the occupation structure existing in that country. The different types of occupation are primary (farming, fishing, mining, forestry), secondary (manufacturing industries, construction work), and tertiary (commerce, transport, communication, administration), as illustrated in NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Geography Chapter 6. A developed country has a higher proportion of its population involved in tertiary activities. In India, 64% of the population is farming, and thus, we have a long way to go before being called a developed country. However, a telltale shift towards secondary and tertiary employment is evident, owing to many measures taken by the government.

It is often said that ‘’Health is wealth’’, and so a healthy economy can be possible only with a healthy population, and therein lies the nation’s power. NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Geography Chapter 6 rightly mentions that healthy individuals with a sound mind make a responsible society, with their right approach towards the welfare and development of the people around them. Sustained efforts from the government have brought about positive changes in the health conditions in our country, with reduced death rates, improved life expectancy, delayed marriages, prevention of infectious diseases ,modernised detection and cure facilities. 

Despite the efforts by the government, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Geography Chapter 6 brings out the inherent deficiencies plaguing our society like basic sanitation, safe drinking water, insufficient nutrition in the food and immediate access to food. India needs to take a focused approach, create more policies and ensure implementation to improve health.   

6.6 National Population Policy (NPP)

The chapter explains the NPP (National Population Policy) 2000, which focuses on educating the adolescent population to access nutritional food, and protection from sexually transmitted diseases and unwanted pregnancies. 

Extramarks NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Geography Chapter 6 covers this NPP section in-depth and highlights key areas of what the policy promotes:

  1. Free and compulsory education for children up to 14 years of age
  2. Immunisation of children against vaccine-preventable diseases, thus bringing down the infant mortality to less than 30 per every 1000 live births.
  3. Encouraging delayed marriages and childbearing among girls
  4. Affordable contraceptive service
  5. Distribution of free and nutritious food among children
  6. Legal action against child marriage
  7. Promoting family welfare schemes

NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Geography Chapter 6 Exercises &  Solutions

School curriculums are time-bound, and each student has a different grasping power. Able guidance from Extramarks makes up for the shortfall, making students confident to face the examinations and score high. Extramarks has covered all subjects on the Class 9 CBSE syllabus. Students can go through the link given below for essential questions and solutions for Class 9 Geography Chapter 6.

For NCERT Solutions for other classes, students may refer to the given links below.

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Key Features of NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Geography Chapter 6

Social Sciences is related to our community and environment. Population pattern indicates the country’s demography, development, customs and culture. A responsible citizen should have the knowledge and awareness of the subject of population. The experienced teachers and experts from Extramarks have put together the most crucial information on this topic following NCERT guidelines. The explanations are given in simple language to reach out to every student, regardless of their intellect. Students will be able to score high through the NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Geography Chapter 6 provided by Extramarks.

Q.1 Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below.

(i) Migrations change the number, distribution and composition of the population in
(a) the area of departure (c) both the area of departure and arrival
(b) the area of arrival (d) none of the above

(ii) A large proportion of children in a population is a result of
(a) high birth rates (c) high death rates
(b) high life expectancies (d) more married couples

(iii) The magnitude of population growth refers to
(a) the total population of an area
(b) the number of persons added each year
(c) the rate at which the population increases
(d) the number of females per thousand males

(iv) According to the Census, a “literate” person is one who
(a) can read and write his/her name
(b) can read and write any language
(c) is 7 years old and can read and write any language with understanding
(d) knows the 3 ‘R’s (reading, writing, arithmetic)

Ans.

(i) (c) both the area of departure and arrival ✓
(ii) (a) high birth rates ✓
(iii) (b) the number of persons added each year ✓
(iv) (c) is 7 years old and can read and write any language with understanding ✓

Q.2 Answer the following questions briefly.

(i) Why is the rate of population growth in India declining since 1981?
(ii) Discuss the major components of population growth.
(iii) Define age structure, death rate and birth rate.
(iv) How is migration a determinant factor of population change?

Ans.

(i) Since 1981, the rate of population growth has been declining as a result of greater use of birth control measures.

(ii) The major components of population growth are Birth Rate, Death Rate and Migration.

  • The Birth rate is a major component of growth because, in India, the birth rate has always been higher than the death rate.
  • Due to improved health facilities, the death rate has been declining in India. High birth rate and declining death rate in 1980 resulted in a higher rate of population growth.
  • Migration changes the size of the population of rural and urban areas. International migration changes the size of the population. Internal migration influences the distribution of population within the nation.

(iii) Age Structure – The age structure of a population refers to the number of people in different age groups in that population.

Birth Rate – The birth rate is the number of live births per thousand persons in a year.
Death Rate – The death rate is the number of deaths per thousand persons in a year.

(iv) Migration is an important determinant of the population change. Migration is the movement of people across regions and territories. It is a determinant factor of the population change as it changes the size and composition of population of both the areas of departure and arrival. In India, the rural-urban migration has resulted in a steady increase in the percentage of the population in cities and towns.

 

Q.3 Distinguish between population growth and population change.

Ans.

Population growth

Population change
It refers to the change in the number of inhabitants of a country or territory during a specific period of time, say during the last ten years. It refers to change in the number of people during a specific time. The world population has not been stable. It has increased manifold.
Such a change can be expressed in two ways: in terms of absolute numbers and in terms of percentage change per year. Natural increase, immigration and emigration are the major components causing population change.

Q.4 What is the relation between occupational structure and development?

Ans. The percentage of the population that is economically active is an important index of development. The distribution of the population according to different types of occupation is referred to as the occupational structure. Developed nations have a high proportion of people in secondary and tertiary activities like banking, commerce, transport and administration. Developing countries tend to have a higher proportion of their workforce engaged in primary activities like agriculture, fishing, mining, lumbering, and food gathering.

Q.5 What are the advantages of having a healthy population?

Ans. Health is an important component of population composition, which affects the process of development. The advantages of a healthy population are:

1. A healthy individual is much more efficient and productive than an unhealthy individual.
2. He or she is able to realise his or her potential and play an important role in social and national development.
3. A healthy person is an asset to the nation as it is more productive and helps the nation to make progress.
4. It is able to earn more and can improve its standard of living.

Q.6 What are the significant features of the National Population Policy 2000?

Ans. The National Population Policy 2000 provides a policy framework of achieving goals and prioritising strategies during the next decade to meet the reproductive and child health needs of the people of India along with the target to achieve the net replacement levels. It aims at a stable population by 2045.

1. Imparting free and compulsory school education up to 14 years of age
2. Reducing infant mortality rate to below 30 per 1000 live births
3. Achieving universal immunisation of children against all vaccine-preventable diseases
4. Providing nutritional services and food supplements to adolescents
5. The policy also aims at curbing the IMR to less than 30 per 1000 live births.
6. Protecting adolescents from unwanted pregnancies and sexually-transmitted diseases, and educating them about the risks of unprotected sex
7. Making contraceptive services accessible and affordable
8. It also seeks to achieve 100 % registration of births, deaths, marriages and pregnancies.

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FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)

 Students may expect the following questions for their CBSE exam.

  1. What are the salient features of the population, and how can they be classified?
  2. How is population growth different from population change?
  3. Why is people’s health important, and how does it affect the population?
  4. What does NPP stand for, and why did it originate in India?

 

The team in Extramarks consists of learned teachers and professionals who have compiled the most critical aspects and features of a vast subject like population and compressed them in the Class 9 Geography Chapter 6 syllabus to enable the students to score high marks on their board examination. The simple language used only makes it easier for the children to understand, store and utilise the knowledge of the population effectively. 

 Yes, definitely. NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Geography Chapter 6, based on NCERT guidelines, include the essentials of the subject of population. Furthermore, students have the assistance of the question-answer section at the end of the chapter. The experienced subject matter experts have  selected topics that are crucial for the CBSE exams.