NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Contemporary India Chapter 4 Climate

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Contemporary India Chapter 4 Climate help students understand the climatic conditions of India, including monsoon patterns, seasons, and factors affecting climate. This chapter explains how climate influences agriculture, lifestyle, and economic activities in India.

Climate
Medium
Q.
Choose the correct answer from the four alternatives given below.

(i) Which one of the following places receives the highest rainfall in the world?
(a) Silchar                         (c) Cherrapunji
(b) Mawsynram                 (d) Guwahati

(ii) The wind blowing in the northern plains in summers is known as:
(a) Kaal Baisakhi               (c) Trade Winds
(b) Loo                               (d) None of the above

(iii) Which one of the following causes rainfall during winters in north-western part of India.
(a) Cyclonic depression     (c) Western disturbances
(b) Retreating monsoon     (d) Southwest monsoon

(iv) Monsoon arrives in India approximately in:
(a) Early May                      (c) Early June
(b) Early July                      (d) Early August

(v) Which one of the following characterises the cold weather season in India?
(a) Warm days and warm nights
(b) Warm days and cold nights
(c) Cool days and cold nights
(d) Cold days and warm nights
Climate
Medium
Q.
Answer the following questions briefly.

(i) What are the controls affecting the climate of India?
(ii) Why does India have a monsoon type of climate?
(iii) Which part of India does experience the highest diurnal range of temperature and why?
(iv) Which winds account for rainfall along the Malabar coast?
(v) What are Jet streams and how do they affect the climate of India?
(vi) Define monsoons. What do you understand by “break” in monsoon?
(vii) Why is the monsoon considered a unifying bond?
Climate
Medium
Q.
Why does the rainfall decrease from the east to the west in Northern India?
Climate
Medium
Q.
Give reasons as to why.

(i) Seasonal reversal of wind direction takes place over the Indian subcontinent?
(ii) The bulk of rainfall in India is concentrated over a few months.
(iii) The Tamil Nadu coast receives winter rainfall.
(iv) The delta region of the eastern coast is frequently struck by cyclones.
(v) Parts of Rajasthan, Gujarat and the leeward side of the Western Ghats are drought-prone.
Climate
Medium
Q.
Describe the regional variations in the climatic conditions of India with the help of suitable examples.
Climate
Medium
Q.
Discuss the mechanism of monsoons.
Climate
Medium
Q.
Give an account of weather conditions and characteristics of the cold season.
Climate
Medium
Q.
Give the characteristics and effects of the monsoon rainfall in India.
Climate
Medium
Q.
On an outline map of India, show the following.

(i) Areas receiving rainfall over 400 cm.
(ii) Areas receiving less than 20 cm of rainfall.
(iii) The direction of the south-west monsoon over India.

Prepared according to the latest CBSE Class 9 Social Science syllabus, these solutions provide clear and structured answers to help students build strong concepts and perform well in exams.

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Contemporary India Chapter 4 Climate

Q1. Choose the correct answer

Ans:
(i) (b) Mawsynram
(ii) (b) Loo
(iii) (c) Western disturbances
(iv) (c) Early June
(v) (b) Warm days and cold nights

Q2. Answer the following questions briefly

(i) Climate is affected by factors like latitude, altitude, pressure, winds, distance from sea, ocean currents, and relief.
(ii) India has a monsoon climate due to seasonal wind reversal and monsoon winds.
(iii) Desert regions (Rajasthan) have high temperature variation due to dry conditions.
(iv) Rainfall on Malabar Coast is caused by Southwest Monsoon winds.
(v) Jet streams are fast winds at high altitude influencing monsoon movement.
(vi) Monsoon means seasonal reversal of winds; “break” in monsoon refers to dry periods during rainy season.
(vii) Monsoon unifies India by influencing agriculture, culture, and festivals.

Q3. Why does rainfall decrease from east to west in Northern India?

Ans: Monsoon winds lose moisture as they move westward, resulting in reduced rainfall.

Q4. Give reasons

Ans:
(i) Due to pressure changes and wind systems, seasonal wind reversal occurs.
(ii) Rainfall is concentrated in a few months due to monsoon activity (June–September).
(iii) Tamil Nadu receives winter rainfall due to northeast monsoon winds.
(iv) Eastern coast faces cyclones due to Bay of Bengal conditions.
(v) Rajasthan and Gujarat are dry due to rain shadow effect and location.

Q5. Regional climatic variations

Ans: India shows wide variations in temperature and rainfall, from extreme heat in Rajasthan to cold in Jammu & Kashmir, and heavy rainfall in Meghalaya to dry regions like Ladakh.

Q6. Mechanism of monsoon

Ans: Monsoon winds originate due to differential heating, divide into Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal branches, and bring rainfall across India from June to September.

Q7. Cold weather season

Ans: Winter season has cool temperatures, dry winds, clear skies, and light rainfall due to western disturbances.

Q8. Monsoon rainfall characteristics

Ans:

  • Uneven and uncertain
  • Concentrated in few months
  • Includes dry spells and heavy rainfall
  • Affects agriculture and economy significantly

FAQs – Class 9 Geography Chapter 4 Climate

Q1. What type of climate does India have?
India has a tropical monsoon climate.

Q2. What are the main seasons in India?
India has four main seasons: winter, summer, monsoon, and retreating monsoon.

Q3. What is monsoon?
Monsoon refers to the seasonal reversal of wind direction.

Q4. Why is monsoon important for India?
Monsoon is important for agriculture, water supply, and economy.

Q5. Why is this chapter important for exams?
This chapter includes case-based, reasoning, and map questions, which are frequently asked in exams.