NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 22

Chapter 22 of NCERT Class 11 Biology textbook explains the endocrine glands that are present in the body. To help students revise what they have learned in the chapter, the textbook has a set of questions related to the topic. This is where NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 22 can be of great help to students.

The Class 11 Biology NCERT Solutions Chapter 22 by Extramarks have answers to all the textbook questions. These are prepared by subject matter experts while ensuring that every answer meets the guidelines given by CBSE. 

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 22 – Chemical Coordination and integration

Access NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 22 – Chemical Coordination and Integration

NCERT Solutions For Class 11 Biology Chapter 22 

For scoring well, students need to have complete knowledge of concepts explained in every chapter. Apart from this, they must know the right answers to the questions asked in the NCERT Biology textbook. This is the reason that referring to NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 22 plays an important role in exam preparation. With answers explained with examples and diagrams, NCERT Solutions can make learning easy and more interesting for students. 

NCERT Solutions of Class 11 Biology Chapter 22 

Class 11 Biology NCERT Chapter 22 explains endocrine glands in our body. Diagrammatic representation of these glands aids students in getting clarity about the location of these glands in the body. This chapter also talks about the hormonal deficiencies in the various parts of the human body along with the mechanism of action of FSH overview given in an in-depth manner. 

By referring to Class 11 Biology NCERT Chapter 22 Solutions, students can ace their preparation for the school and competitive exams. Additionally, they will learn the right way to answer a question to avoid any kind of marks deduction during evaluation.

Benefits of Chapter 22 Biology Class 11 NCERT Solutions 

Achieving success in examinations is possible with Class 11 Biology NCERT Solutions Chapter 22. Here is how these solutions are beneficial:

  • Every answer explains the concept in an in-depth manner. Examples and diagrams are also used, wherever required so that students do not have any doubt related to the answer.
  • The solutions are prepared by subject matter experts at Extramarks
  • The solutions follow the latest CBSE guidelines.

Related Questions 

Release of pancreatic juice is stimulated by:

  1. A) Enterokinase
  2. B) Secretin
  3. C) Trypsinogen
  4. D) Cholecystokinin

Answer: D) Cholecystokinin

Explanation: The gastrointestinal system has a peptide hormone called Cholecystokinin. This hormone aids in simulating the digestion of protein and fat. It is secreted by the small intestine. This hormone stimulates the secretion of pancreatic juice from the pancreas and plays a part in inciting bile secretion from the gallbladder and pancreas.  

The person with Turner’s syndrome has

  1. A) 45 autosomes and X sex chromosomes
  2. B) 44 autosomes and XYY sex chromosomes
  3. C) 45 autosomes and XYY sex chromosomes
  4. D) 44 autosomes and X sex chromosomes

Answer: D) 44 autosomes and X sex chromosomes

Explanation: Turner Syndrome is caused by the aneuploidy of the X chromosome (complete or partial absence of X Chromosome). A person with Turner Syndrome has a genotype of 44+XO. Only females have this syndrome. They suffer from ovarian insufficiency, limited secondary sexual characters, webbed skin over the neck, short statures, etc. Females with this syndrome have underdeveloped sex organs and are sterile. 

A hormone, secreted by the endocrine cells of duodenal mucosa which influences the release of pancreatic juice is

  1. A) Relaxin
  2. B) Cholecystokinin
  3. C) Secretin
  4. D) Progesterone

Answer: B) Cholecystokinin

Explanation: The mucosa of the small intestine secretes a hormone known as Cholecystokinin Pancreozymin. It stimulates the pancreas to release pancreatic juice and the gallbladder to release bile. 

Osmoreceptors are present in-

  1. A) Hypothalamus
  2. B) Hypophysis
  3. C) Epiphysis
  4. D) Epithalamus

Answer: A) Hypothalamus

Explanation: Osmoreceptors in the anterior hypothalamus’ supraoptic and paraventricular areas are responsible for the detection of changes in the osmolarity of blood plasma. They also aid in the secretion of ADH for the purpose of maintaining balance. 

Gastric secretion is stopped by hormone

  1. A) Enterogastrone
  2. B) Gastrin
  3. C) Pancreozymin
  4. D) Cholecystokinin

Answer: A) Enterogastrone

Explanation: The duodenal mucosa secrets the Enterogastrone hormone. This hormone inhibits gastric secretion. 

A condition in which the body’s internal environment remains relatively constant within limits is

  1. A) Hematoma
  2. B) Haemopoiesis
  3. C) Homeostasis
  4. D) Hemostasis

Answer: C) Homeostasis

Explanation: The maintenance of a state of steady internal conditions (chemical and physical) by living things is known as Homeostasis. This state of internal stability is essential for a living organism to function optimally. Homeostasis includes multiple variables like the fluid balance and body temperature being maintained at certain limits that are preset. The internal body temperature of a human being is the best example. 

How does chemical coordination take place in plants?

Chemical coordination occurs in plants through plant hormones. For instance, for growth, the hormone Auxin is responsible while in the fast-growing parts of a plant, cell division is aided by cytokinin. 

FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)

The release of hormones into the bloodstream is carried out by the endocrine glands. Hormones can travel through the cells into the other parts of the body due to being released into the bloodstream. A person’s growth and development, mood, metabolism, reproduction, and functioning of their organs are controlled by the endocrine glands. This gland is responsible for regulating and controlling the number of hormones released in the body. Pituitary Gland, Hypothalamus, Parathyroid, Thyroid, and Pineal Gland are some of the endocrine glands among a few others. An endocrine gland is responsible for multiple functions and is a crucial part of the body.

Note down some properties of hormones.

The following are some properties of hormones:

  • Hormones do not have antigens present in them. 
  • Endocrine glands release hormones into the bloodstream. 
  • They aid in homeostasis maintenance.
  • They have a short life span.
  • These hormones are needed by the body in low concentrations. 
  • Metabolic and physical activities are influenced by them. 
  • Some hormones react quickly.
  • It has been observed that certain hormones are carried to specific organs. 
  • Prohormones like proinsulin are released in an inactive form.

Biology Class 11 Chapter 22 – Chemical Coordination and Integration includes the following topics:

 

  • Introduction
  • Endocrine Glands And Hormones
  • Endocrine System
  • The Hypothalamus
  • The Pituitary Gland
  • The Pineal Gland
  • Thyroid Gland
  • The Parathyroid Gland
  • Thymus
  • Adrenal Gland
  • Pancreas
  • Testis
  • Ovary
  • Hormones of Heart, Kidney and Gastrointestinal Gland
  • Mechanism of Hormone Action
  • Summary

Endocrine Glands Exocrine Glands
The secretion of hormones into the bloodstream of the body is executed by endocrine glands.  Secretion by this gland is released either external to or into the surface of an organ. This is done with the help of a duct. 
Endocrine glands are ductless glands. These glands have ducts.
They release hormones.  They release enzymes, mucus, sebum, and sweat.
Examples of endocrine glands are parathyroid glands, adrenal glands, thyroid glands, etc. Examples of exocrine glands are the pancreas, liver, salivary glands, etc.

The Pineal Gland is situated on the dorsal side of the brain. This gland secretes a hormone known as Melatonin which plays a very important role in the human body. It aids in the regulation of the body’s 24-hour or diurnal rhythm. For instance, it maintains the cycle of sleep and wake, body temperature, etc. Melatonin also impacts the menstrual cycle, defence capability, metabolism, and pigmentation.

The hormones are classified into:

Lipid soluble hormones: These types of hormones include thyroid and steroid hormones.

Water-soluble hormones: These types of hormones include amine, peptide and protein hormones.

Some of the endocrine glands that secrete hormones are listed below:

  • Thyroid Gland – Thyroxine
  • Anterior Pituitary – Adrenocorticotropic hormone
  • Pineal Gland – Melatonin
  • Posterior Pituitary –Oxytocin
  • Testes – Testosterone
  • Adrenal Gland – Cortisol and Adrenaline
  • Ovaries – Progesterone and Estrogen

The Thymus gland is lobular structured and is located behind the sternum in between the lungs on the ventral side of the aorta. The development of the immune system of the body is aided by this gland. This gland releases the peptide hormones known as thymosins, which play a crucial role in the maturation of T cells. This hormone is active till puberty. After puberty, it shrinks and gets replaced by fat. Antibodies are produced by this hormone as well. Degeneration of the thymus gland occurs in old individuals which leads to a reduction in the production of thymosins.