Important Questions Class 7 Social Science Our Past 2 Chapter 4

Important Questions Class 7 Social Science Our Pasts 2 Chapter 4

History shows us what it means to be human by highlighting the massive victories and devastating failures of humans. History also teaches us by giving us concrete examples of how to organise societies in a way that benefits everyone. The fourth chapter in Class 7 Social Science Our Pasts 2 is The Mughal Empire. It explains how the Mughals expanded their empire from Agra and Delhi in the second half of the 16th century, eventually gaining control of the entire subcontinent by the early 17century and it declined by the end of the 17 century which gave rise to many independent provinces. . Their structure of administration and ideas of governance was quite successful. The chapter also gives details  about the Mughals, their military campaigns, their tradition of succession , and other facets of the Mughal Empire. Chapter 4 Class 7 Social Science Our Pasts 2 Important Questions help students grasp the root of the chapter. It carries significant weightage in the Social Science syllabus. Students can easily access all this and more on Extramarks’ website.

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Important Questions Class 7 Social Science Our Pasts 2 Chapter 4- with Solutions

Extramarks subject experts have developed a list of Important Questions Class 7 Social Science Our Pasts 2 Chapter 4 from various primary and secondary sources. The questions comprise the Mughal Empire and how they grew their empire from Agra and Delhi and eventually took control of the entire subcontinent by the early 17th century and it declined by the end of the 17 century which gave rise to many independent provinces.  Their structure of administration and ideas of governance was quite successful. The chapter also gives details about the Mughals, their military campaigns, their tradition of succession, and other facets of the Mughal Empire. These questions and solutions help students with a list of questions and their answers from which they get an idea of the actual exam pattern. 

Given below are a few Important Questions Class 7 Social Science Our Pasts 2 Chapter 4 and their Solutions:

Question 1. Peasants were vital for the economy of the Mughal Empire. Do you think that they are as important today? Has the gap in the income between the rich and the poor in India changed a great deal from the period of the Mughals?

Answer 1. Peasants still play an essential role in society as they did under the Mughal Empire. They cultivate the land and produce food, which is essential for human survival. The government receives land money from them, which is utilised for various developmental projects. Without them, we cannot imagine a healthy society and a developing economy. They serve as the foundation of any nation.

Question 2. What were the central provinces under the control of the Mughals?

Answer 2. The key provinces under the control of the Mughals were – Delhi, Kabul, Mewar, Deccan, Orissa, Gujarat, Bengal, Marwar, Bihar, Chittor and Sindh.

Question 3. How did the Mughals succeed in ruling the subcontinent with such success?

Answer 3. The Mughals succeeded in ruling almost the entire subcontinent due to following reasons:

• In stark contrast to their predecessors, the Mughals established an empire and controlled it for a long time which is unparalleled in history.
• They imposed robust structures of administration and new governance frameworks that helped them manage their provinces.
• They expanded their dominance from the later half of the sixteenth century up to the seventeenth century and brought Agra to Delhi under their rule.
• Nearly the whole subcontinent was under their control during this period.
• They continued their time in power and left behind a political legacy that the future subcontinental emperors could not ignore.

Question 4. Like the Mughal Empire, India today is also made up of many social and cultural units. Does this pose a challenge to national integration?

Answer 4. India today has numerous social and cultural groups. However, this does not threaten national integration s:

• We have a single system of government with uniform laws and standards that apply to all of our residents, regardless of their area or religion.
• We have a constitution that protects everyone’s rights and outlines their responsibilities.
• Instead of being divided into several states or regions with various rulers, we are now one nation.

There are social conflicts that arise but the different communities work together and solve these issues in an amicable way. And wherever India faces any external threat, all Indians become united and come together. The war of Kargil is one such example. Everyone came together and put the nation first to win the war. 

Question 5. What was the relationship between the mansabdar and the jagir?

Answer 5. The relationship between mansabdars and jagirs:

• When Akbar was the Mughal emperor, the mansabdari system was in place.
• High-level officials known as mansabdars entered the royal service under the rule of the Mughals.
• The empire paid the mansabdars a certain stipend that established their status for their service. 
• Their status in the royal court was indicated by their rank and pay, which were also referred to as zat.
• The collection of funds from locations is one of the mansabdars’ responsibilities. Jagir I was a revenue assignment given as salary to the mansabdars.
• A mansabdar was an individual who held a mansab, meaning a position or rank. He did not receive his salary in cash.
• Most of the time, the mansabdar did not live in the jagir; instead, he dispatched men from his service to collect taxes while the king was being served elsewhere in the empire.

Question 6. In which year did Akbar become the emperor? Explain his governing style.

Answer 6. Akbar 1556-1605: When Akbar became emperor, he was 13 years old:

• Akbar gained independence from the regent Bairam Khan and other members of his domestic staff between the years 1556 and 1570. To put down the uprising of his half-brother Mirza Hakim, the Uzbeks, the Suris and other Afghans, and the neighbouring kingdoms of Malwa and Gondwana, military operations were started. The Sisodiya capital of Chittor was taken in 1568, and Ranthambhor in 1569.
• Military operations in Gujarat were followed by operations in the east in Bihar, Bengal, and Orissa between 1570 and 1585. The Mirza Hakim-supporting uprising in 1579–1580 made these missions more difficult.
• Expansion of Akbar’s dominion from 1585 until 1605. There were campaigns started in the northwest.
• The Safavids were forced to surrender Qandahar.
• After Mirza Hakim’s passing, Kabul and Kashmir were both conquered.
• Berar, Khandesh, and some of Ahmadnagar were annexed as a result of campaigns that were launched in the Deccan.
• In the later years of his rule, Prince Salim, who would eventually become  Emperor Jahangir, caused Akbar to remain preoccupied with his insurrection. 

Question 7. Why was it important for the Mughals to recruit mansabdars from diverse backgrounds and not just Turanis and Iranis?

Answer 7. It was crucial for the Mughals to employ mansabdars from different backgrounds, not simply Turanis and Iranis, because of various reasons:

• As a result of the expansion of the empire, it was necessary to include several new provinces and areas, and stability within the empire was required.
• Besides Turkish nobles (Turanis) they also included Indian Muslims, Afghans, Iranians, Rajputs, Maratha and other groups.
• People who interact with people daily will be able to better understand their difficulties.
• The Mughals also didn’t want the Turanis and Iranis to rise against them regarding privileges.
• They came here to rule; thus, to maintain control over the nation, they had to appreciate its diversity. .

Question 8. What was the role of the zamindar in the Mughal administration?

Answer 8. The Mughals referred to all middlemen as “zamindars,” even strong chieftains and regional headmen of villages. In the Mughal government, the zamindar’s job was to extort money from the peasants through taxes and other revenue. They served as a bridge between the Mughals and the ordinary people; in some regions, the zamindars held a lot of influence.

Question 9. How important was the income from land revenue in maintaining the stability of the Mughal Empire?

Answer 9.The income from land revenue was important in maintaining the stability of the Mughal Empire for several reasons:

• Revenues from peasants and agricultural goods were the Mughal empire’s primary sources of income. The Zamindars gathered this money and gave it to the Mansabdars. The money was placed in the Mughal treasury.
• These taxes were used to cover the salaries of the military, government employees, and people working for ordinary people’s welfare.The administrative expenditure was so vast and this could be met with this revenue collected from various provinces only.
• Revenue was important for the payment of salaries of the soldier, officials and other welfare workers.
• Land revenue was the essential source of wealth for maintaining peace and order across the empire.

Question 10. How were the debates with religious scholars important in the formation of Akbar’s ideas on governance?

Answer 10. In the 1570s, Zoroastrians, Catholic Jesuit priests, Brahmanas and Ulama, participated in a religious conversation with Akbar. These conversations occurred while he stayed in the ibadat khana at Fatehpur Sikri. Because of his curiosity about other people’s religions and social mores, Akbar saw that the teachings of many faiths led to conflict and division among his subjects. So, Akbar developed a concept called “sulh-i kul,” which was centred on an ethical framework of truthfulness, justice, and peace. Abul Fazl assisted Akbar in developing a system of government centred on the concept of sulh-i kul, which was adopted by  Jahangir and Shah Jahan. 

In the above section of Important Questions Class 7 Social Science Our Pasts 2 Chapter 4 all the significant topics of the chapter are covered.

Benefits of Solving Important Questions Class 7 Social Science Our Pasts 2 Chapter 4

History is a subject that develops curiosity among students, but since it is lengthy, it also requires a lot of attention and extensive reading. It is recommended that students use Extramarks Important Questions Class 7 Social Science Our Pasts 2 Chapter 4. Students gather confidence by answering the important questions and going over their solutions.

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• Important Questions Class 7 Social Science Our Pasts 2 Chapter 4 covers all the chapter-end questions along with their comprehensive answers explained with proper up-to-date information and concise answers..
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