Important Questions Class 8 Social Science Our Pasts 3 Chapter 6

Important Questions Class 8 Social Science (History) Our Pasts 3 Chapter 6

The common understanding that History is only a record of past events seems to have History’s basic unchangeability as a result. History is sometimes viewed as a massive collection of unchangeable facts that are roughly chronologically organised and only occasionally altered by the discovery of a long-lost city or a trunk full of letters hidden in an attic. The sixth chapter of Class 8 Social Science Our Pasts 3 is Weavers, Iron Smelters and Factory Owners. Weavers, iron smelters, and factory owners are discussed in NCERT Our Pasts-III Chapter 6. The chapter discusses the emergence of Indian textiles in the European market, its decline, how cotton mills were set up, establishment of Indian iron and steel factories, iron smelters and weavers and how they made a living during colonial rule. Additionally, the British textile industry’s repression of Indian weavers and the  industrial township -Jamshedpur was set up  by Tata Iron and Steel Company (TISCO) and the importance of ‘wootz steel’  are examined. Students can easily access all this and more on the Extramarks website.

History has roots spread across the globe, covering all nations and continents. The History subject matter experts  at  Extramarks have prepared   Chapter 6 Class 8 Social Science Our Pasts 3 Important Questions using NCERT textbook, other reference books, past year question  papers, and other sources. To assist students in understanding each chapter, our History subject  experts have compiled a list of step-by-step solutions. Students can register on  the Extramarks website  and access Social Science Our Pasts 3 Class 8 Chapter 6 Important Questions.

Along with Important Questions Class 8 Social Science Our Pasts 3 Chapter 6, students can easily access a repository of materials like NCERT Solutions, CBSE revision notes, past year question papers, NCERT books, and more on the Extramarks website.

Important Questions Class 8 Social Science Our Pasts 3 Chapter 6- with Solutions

History subject experts at Extramarks have curated an entire list of Class 8 Social Science Our Pasts 3 Chapter 6 Important Questions using various sources. NCERT Our Pasts-III Chapter 6. discusses the emergence of Indian textiles in the European market, its decline, how cotton mills were set up, establishment of Indian iron and steel factories, iron smelters and weavers and how they made a living during colonial rule. Additionally, the British textile industry’s repression of Indian weavers and the  industrial township -Jamshedpur set up  by Tata Iron and Steel Company (TISCO) and the importance of ‘wootz steel’  are examined. .These questions and solutions help students better understand Weavers, Iron Smelters and Factory Owners.

Here are a few Important Questions Class 8 Social Science Our Pasts 3 Chapter 6 and their solutions:

Question 1. What helped TISCO expand steel production during the First World War?

Answer 1.  TISCO was able to expand steel production during the First World War because of the following reasons:  

• The manufacturing of ammunition during World War I required enormous quantities of iron and steel, which Britain had to supply to meet the demands of the war in Europe.
• To provide iron and steel to the fast  expanding  rail projects, India had to rely heavily on TISCO as the British imports of steel into India declined rapidly and the markets for Indian industrial goods increased.
• For World War I, TISCO produced shells and carriage wheels.
• By 1919, the British government had begun purchasing 90% of the steel produced by TISCO and subsequently it became the biggest steel industry under the British empire.

Question 2. Why did England manufacturers of silk and wool begin to demonstrate against Indian textiles?

Answer 2. Indian wool and silk products proved to be fierce rivals for English manufacturers of wool and silk. This occurred while England’s textile industry was getting off the ground. They started protesting the import of Indian textiles in the early eighteenth century because they wanted to ensure that their products weren’t displaced by the high quality and low price of Indian goods.

Question 3. What kinds of cloth had a large market in Europe?

Answer 3. Europe had a big market for cotton and silk. Indian textiles of many types were offered in marketplaces in Europe:

• Chintz
• Khasa or Cossaes
• Bandanna
• Jamdani

Indian printed cotton fabrics were renowned in England for their excellent textures,  exquisite floral prints, brightly coloured  and low cost.

Question 4. How did Britain’s cotton industry impact India’s textile industry?

Answer 4. India’s textile industry  significantly declined  with the development of cotton industries in Britain. . Indian textiles were required to compete with British textiles in foreign markets like Europe and America. Due to the high tariffs that England imposed on Indian goods, it was exceedingly difficult to export textiles to England. As a result, many weavers in India were laid off, with Bengal weavers suffering the most. As a result of the forced job search by many weavers, the nation’s overall output decreased. As a result, cotton textiles were imported into India. As a result, by the 1830s British cotton cloth flooded the Indian market and  many experienced weavers and spinners were left jobless and most of weavers, spinners and rural women became agricultural labourers. Some migrated to cities in search of work, others moved to Africa and South America as plantation workers. 

Question 5. What problems did the Indian textiles industry face in the early years of its development?

Answer 5.  The problems faced by the Indian textile industry are discussed below:

• Competition: They had to contend with established, sizable British enterprises.
• Export: The exorbitant cost imposed on Indian textiles imported into Britain became increasingly difficult to export textiles to England.  .
• Failure: In its home markets of America, Africa, and Europe, English cotton textiles replaced Indian textiles in the early 19 th century.
• No buyers: Thousands of weavers, spinners and rural women were rendered jobless.The Bengal weavers were the worst  affected  because European  companies stopped buying Indian goods from them and  most of these weavers either moved to cities or became agricultural labourers. Still others became plantation workers in foreign land. 

Question 6. What do  the names of various textiles tell us about their histories?

Answer 6. The fine cotton fabric was initially referred to as muslin by European traders who first came to Mosul (modern-day Iraq). The cotton textiles known as calico, which got their name from the  city of Calicut, caught the attention of the Portuguese when they landed at Calicut on the Kerala coast in pursuit of spices. The name “chintz” for printed cotton garments comes from the Hindi word “chhint,” which describes a garment with little, brightly coloured floral patterns. Similarly, “bandanna” in Hindi translates to “tying,” referring to the brightly coloured  and printed scarves worn around the neck or  head. Manufacturers used the process of tying and dying to create this cloth Sometimes, silk pieces were streamed together with gold thread embroidery to create exquisite pieces.Bandanna patterns were made in Rajasthan and Gujarat.

Question 7. What is Jamdani?

Answer 7. Jamdani is a delicate fine  muslin cloth with beautiful   motifs woven using a  loom , usually in white and grey. Weavers frequently combined cotton and gold thread to weave the Jamdani. . Dacca in Bengal and Lucknow in the United Provinces were the most important centres for jamdani weaving.

Question 8. Why did the Indian iron smelting industry decline in the nineteenth century?

Answer 8.  The iron smelting industry declined  in the eighteenth century due to the following reasons:

• Due to restrictions imposed by the forest regulations, Indian smelters could not get charcoal. The iron smelting process requires charcoal, and the industry would not be able to survive without it. Their movement was prohibited in the protected woodlands under the forest rules.
• The forest authorities demanded heavy taxes from iron smelters.
• The English began bringing iron from England to India after the 1950s. This made Indian iron smelters less inclined to work in the field.
• Many famines in the late nineteenth century ruined dry regions for iron smelters.
• The iron industries presented the most challenging obstacle for the neighbourhood iron smelters, unable to compete with the large businesses.

Question 9. What is Bandanna?

Answer 9. Any neck or head scarf with vibrant colours and prints is known as   bandanna. The name “bandhani” originally referred to a sort of brightly  coloured fabric made through the  process of tying and dying and was derived from the word “bandhna” (Hindi meaning tying).

Question 10. What issues did the Indian textile industry in India have to deal with in the beginning?

Answer 10. In its early years, the Indian textile industry faced various difficulties, for example   it was very challenging for the Indian textile industry to compete with cheap textile imports from Britain,  local industries’ collapsed because exporting textile became difficult due to heavy taxes imposed on Indian textiles imported into Britain.Thousands of weavers, spinners and rural women were rendered jobless. .

Question 11. Why did the wool and silk producers in England protest against importing Indian textiles in the early eighteenth century?

Answer 11. In the early eighteenth century, the English wool and silk manufacturers complained against the import of Indian textiles since they could not compete with them due to the popularity of Indian textiles in European markets.  s. Indian textiles were to be banned, in order to secure  English producers of the wool and silk market to expand in the European market.  This intense competition led to the invention of the spinning jenny in 1764 and  steam engine in 1786 revolutionised the cotton textile industry which produced cheap cotton cloth in large quantities which affected the Indian textile industry and eventually led to its decline. 

Question 12. How did the development of cotton industries in Britain affect textile producers in India?

Answer 12. There were various difficulties for Indian textile manufacturers:

•  India textile producers had to compete with  British textiles in the American and European markets. 
• Exporting Indian textiles to Britain became increasingly difficult due to high duties imposed on Indian textiles exported to Britain.
• The growth of the British cotton industry caused the Indian textile industry to decline.
• Numerous Indian textile manufacturers lost their jobs due to the British monopolising the market with their enterprises.

Question 13. Who are the Agaria?

Answer 13. A group of people working as iron smelters, including men and women, are the Agrias. 

Question 14. What happened to India’s steel sector in the nineteenth century?

Answer 14. By the late 19th century, India’s steel industry was on decline due to various reasons:

Firstly, the new laws prevented people from entering the reserved forests, they could not get wood for charcoal, and they were forced to up their occupation. Secondly, in some areas however, the government granted permission but they had to pay high tax to the forest department, this reduced their income. Furthermore,  the British started bringing iron and steel into India at the end of the nineteenth century, and Indian ironsmiths started using imported iron to manufacture  tools and utensils. As a result, there was a sharp decline in the demand for locally manufactured iron.

The above section of Important Questions Class 8 Social Science Our Pasts 3 Chapter 6 covers all the chapter’s important topics and the exercises given at the end of the chapter. 

Benefits of Solving Important Questions Class 8 Social Science Our Pasts 3 Chapter 6

 Extramarks knows how important it is to prepare all the   questions in the syllabus. As a result, subject matter experts  have developed Important Questions Class 8 Social Science Our Pasts 3 Chapter 6. The need to go over important questions is continuously emphasised by the teachers , which can be very demanding.  Students gather confidence by answering the important questions and going over their solutions provided by Extramarks. In fact they can even check a repository of resources to their requirement by registering themselves on the Extramarks website.

 Following are some of the benefits of solving Important Questions Class 8 Social Science Our Pasts 3 Chapter 6:

• Important Questions Class 8 Social Science Our Pasts 3 Chapter 6 covers the concepts of the entire chapter- Weavers, Iron Smelters and Factory Owners. It provides better understanding and clarity of concepts so that students need not look elsewhere for any kind of assistance.
• Students can entirely rely upon these important questions as these are made following all the guidelines laid by CBSE.The solutions follow the NCERT textbook format so that students can enjoy a smooth and deep learning experience during their preparation.
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