If you are looking for NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chapter 2, we’ve got you covered. Our subject-matter experts have prepared the NCERT Solutions for Chapter 2 Chemistry Class 11 with accuracy to ensure that you ace your exams. You can go ahead and access Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 2 Solutions and refer to the questions and answers for free.
Access NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chemistry Chapter – 2 Structure of Atom
Chapter 2 – Structure of Atom
Chapter 2 Chemistry Class 11 Covers the Below Topics:
- Discovery of Subatomic Particles
- Discovery of Electron
- Charge to Mass Ratio of Electron
- Charge on the Electron
- Discovery of Protons and Neutrons
- Atomic Models
- Thomson Model of Atom
- Rutherford’s Nuclear Model of Atom
- Atomic Number and Mass Number
- Isobars and Isotopes
- Drawbacks of the Rutherford Model
- Developments Leading to the Bohr’s Model of Atom
- Wave Nature of Electromagnetic Radiation
- Particle Nature of Electromagnetic Radiation: Planck’s Quantum Theory
- Photoelectric Effect
- Dual Behaviour of Electromagnetic Radiation
- Evidence for the quantized* Electronic Energy Levels: Atomic spectra
- Emission and Absorption Spectra
- Line Spectrum of Hydrogen
- The Spectral Lines for Atomic Hydrogen
- Bohr’s Model for Hydrogen Atom
- Explanation of Line Spectrum of Hydrogen
- Limitations of Bohr’s Model
- Towards Quantum Mechanical Model Of the Atom
- Dual Behaviour of Matter
- Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle
- Significance of the Uncertainty Principle
- Reasons for the Failure of the Bohr Model
- Quantum Mechanical Model Of Atom
- Hydrogen Atom and the Schrödinger Equation
- Orbitals and Quantum Numbers
- Shapes of Atomic Orbitals
- Energies of Orbital
- Filling of Orbitals in Atom
- Aufbau’s Principle
- Pauli Exclusion Principle
- Hund’s Rule of Maximum Multiplicity
- Electronic Configuration of Atoms
- Stability of Completely Filled and Half-Filled Subshells
Introduction
Chapter 2 Chemistry Class 11 will give students an in-depth explanation of the structure of atoms. The chapter will focus on making the students learn about the existence, fundamentals, and characteristics of atoms, along with theorems related to atoms, features of the quantum mechanical model of atoms, Planck’s quantum theory, nature of electromagnetic radiation, the de Broglie relations and Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, etc.
Discovery of Subatomic Particles
In this first segment of Chemistry Class 11 Chapter 2 – Structure of Atom, students will learn about the structure of atoms obtained after doing the experiments on electrical discharge through gases. NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 2 by Extramarks has all the answers related to the Discovery of Subatomic particles.
Discovery of Electron
This segment will inform students about the discovery of electrons. Questions regarding the same may appear in the exams and you can refer to NCERT Solutions by Extramarks to prepare yourself.
Charge to Mass Ratio of Electron
The chapter covers details about the ratio of the charge of an electron to the mass of an electron. The entire concept is explained to the students with the help of experiments.
Charge on the Electron
This segment involves the interpretation of the value of the charge on an electron.
Discovery of Protons and Neutrons
This part of the chapter informs students about how protons and neutrons were discovered. To understand this better, students can refer to Extramarks NCERT Solutions Class 11.
Atomic Models
This section of the chapter discusses the structure of two different atomic models. The purpose behind proposing these is to explain the distribution of charged particles inside an atom.
Thomson Model of Atom
The Plum Pudding Model by scientist J.J Thomson is explained in this section of the chapter. To understand this model deeper, you can refer to NCERT Solutions by Extramarks.
Rutherford’s Nuclear Model of Atom
Scientist Rutherford proposed another model for the structure of a model of an atom. He suggested this after conducting experiments with his students. This section covers this model in detail.
Atomic Number and Mass Number
This section introduces students to the concept of atomic number and mass number of each element, and also shows how to calculate them. Atomic number and mass number are explained well by Extramarks experts. Extramarks solutions can be very useful for understanding these concepts from Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 2.
Isobars and Isotopes
This chapter discusses Isobars and Isotopes. NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chapter 2 by Extramarks are ideal to refer to for this part of the chapter. Isobars and Isotopes are different but the two are often confused with each other.
Drawbacks of the Rutherford Model
Rutherford did propose the structure of the model of an atom after running experiments with his students, however, there were many drawbacks to his model. Extramarks helps in understanding these drawbacks in depth.
Developments Leading to the Bohr’s Model of Atom
Did you know that Bohr’s Model was built upon Rutherford’s Model? The chapter covers all the aspects that led to the development of Bohr’s Model of Atom.
Wave Nature of Electromagnetic Radiation
This segment involves information about the discovery of the wave nature of electromagnetic radiation.
Particle Nature of Electromagnetic Radiation: Planck’s Quantum Theory
Planck’s Quantum Theory led him to win a Nobel Prize. The complex details of this theory can be difficult to understand but Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 2 NCERT Solutions by Extramarks can aid in reducing the burden to a great extent.
Photoelectric Effect
The photoelectric effect and the experiments that led to its discovery are discussed in this section.
Dual Behaviour of Electromagnetic Radiation
Electromagnetic Radiation has a dual nature. This problem of the dual nature of electromagnetic radiation and its concepts are discussed in the chapter.
Evidence for the quantised* Electronic Energy Levels: Atomic spectra
Atomic Spectra is explained in this segment of the chapter. In case of any doubts, it is advisable to refer to NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chapter 2 by Extramarks for guidance.
Emission and Absorption Spectra
The emission spectrum, which is a radiation effect, is explained in this section.
Line Spectrum of Hydrogen
The Line Spectrum of Hydrogen is also called the Emission Spectrum of Hydrogen. The reaction when light is passed through hydrogen is explained in detail in this section.
The Spectral Lines for Atomic Hydrogen
Different spectral lines named after scientists who discovered them are discussed in this part.
Bohr’s Model for Hydrogen Atom
The first explanation of the general feature of a hydrogen atom is discussed in this segment.
Explanation of Line Spectrum of Hydrogen
Bohr’s model is used here to explain the varied lines of the spectrum of hydrogen.
Limitations of the Bohr’s Model
Bohr’s Model has limitations and the same are discussed in this section.
Towards Quantum Mechanical Model Of the Atom
This part of the chapter talks about the different theories that tried to solve the limitations faced by Bohr’s Model.
Dual Behaviour of Matter
The dual behaviour of matter being discovered caused a huge leap in academics. The chapter discusses the concept in detail.
Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle
Heisenberg had put forward a theory that said it was uncertain to truly know the position or speed of an electron in an atom. The chapter discusses the uncertainty principle.
Significance of the Uncertainty Principle
This part explains the importance of Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle.
Reasons for the Failure of the Bohr’s Model
Bohr’s Model failed due to certain reasons and the same is expanded upon in this segment.
Quantum Mechanical Model Of Atom
A new structure of an atom is covered in this section of the chapter. This new structure of the model of an atom is called the Quantum Mechanical Model of Atom. Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 2 NCERT Solutions by Extramarks have explained all complex concepts easily.
Hydrogen Atom and the Schrödinger Equation
This segment has a clear explanation of hydrogen and the Schrödinger Equation.
Orbitals and Quantum Numbers
Quantum numbers help in distinguishing atomic orbitals. The chapter has an in-depth description of orbitals and quantum numbers.
Shapes of Atomic Orbitals
This section covers the factors that influence the shape of atomic orbitals. Students with doubts can refer to Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 2 Solutions provided by Extramarks.
Energies of Orbital
This part teaches students about how an electron’s energy in a hydrogen atom can be measured and discusses the factors it is dependent on.
Filling of Orbitals in Atom
This section of Chapter 2 of Chemistry Class 12 discusses how electrons fill atomic orbitals.
Aufbau’s Principle
Aufbau’s Principle states that electrons fill low-energy atomic orbitals first and then the high-energy atomic orbitals. Students will read more about the principle in the chapter.
Pauli Exclusion Principle
The Pauli Exclusion Principle says that no two electrons in an atom or a molecule have the same four electronic quantum numbers. This principle influences how the orbital space is filled by electrons.
Hund’s Rule of Maximum Multiplicity
This chapter talks about Hund’s Rule of Maximum Multiplicity. Hund’s Rule explains how the same subshell orbitals are filled by electrons.
Electronic Configuration of Atoms
The electronic configuration is the process of how electrons are distributed in the orbitals. This part of the chapter talks about the same.
Stability of Completely Filled and Half-Filled Subshells
The process of stability of electrons that have filled and half-filled subshells and causes of the same are a part of this chapter. The topic is a bit complex, so students must refer to NCERT Solutions Class 11 by Extramarks to get a better understanding of the concept.
About Extramarks
Extramarks is your go-to platform for past years’ question papers, sample papers, and other learning material. We provide study solutions for all the subjects for Class 1 – 12 so that students get a better understanding of the concepts.
Class 11 Chemistry Chapter – 2 NCERT Solutions
If you are looking for NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chapter 2, we’ve got you covered. Our subject-matter experts have prepared the NCERT Solutions for Chapter 2 Chemistry Class 11 with accuracy to ensure that you ace your exams. You can go ahead and access Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 2 Solutions and refer to the questions and answers for free.
Access NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chemistry Chapter – 2 Structure of Atom
Chapter 2 – Structure of Atom
Chapter 2 Chemistry Class 11 Covers the Below Topics:
- Discovery of Subatomic Particles
- Discovery of Electron
- Charge to Mass Ratio of Electron
- Charge on the Electron
- Discovery of Protons and Neutrons
- Atomic Models
- Thomson Model of Atom
- Rutherford’s Nuclear Model of Atom
- Atomic Number and Mass Number
- Isobars and Isotopes
- Drawbacks of the Rutherford Model
- Developments Leading to the Bohr’s Model of Atom
- Wave Nature of Electromagnetic Radiation
- Particle Nature of Electromagnetic Radiation: Planck’s Quantum Theory
- Photoelectric Effect
- Dual Behaviour of Electromagnetic Radiation
- Evidence for the quantized* Electronic Energy Levels: Atomic spectra
- Emission and Absorption Spectra
- Line Spectrum of Hydrogen
- The Spectral Lines for Atomic Hydrogen
- Bohr’s Model for Hydrogen Atom
- Explanation of Line Spectrum of Hydrogen
- Limitations of Bohr’s Model
- Towards Quantum Mechanical Model Of the Atom
- Dual Behaviour of Matter
- Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle
- Significance of the Uncertainty Principle
- Reasons for the Failure of the Bohr Model
- Quantum Mechanical Model Of Atom
- Hydrogen Atom and the Schrödinger Equation
- Orbitals and Quantum Numbers
- Shapes of Atomic Orbitals
- Energies of Orbital
- Filling of Orbitals in Atom
- Aufbau’s Principle
- Pauli Exclusion Principle
- Hund’s Rule of Maximum Multiplicity
- Electronic Configuration of Atoms
- Stability of Completely Filled and Half-Filled Subshells
Introduction
Chapter 2 Chemistry Class 11 will give students an in-depth explanation of the structure of atoms. The chapter will focus on making the students learn about the existence, fundamentals, and characteristics of atoms, along with theorems related to atoms, features of the quantum mechanical model of atoms, Planck’s quantum theory, nature of electromagnetic radiation, the de Broglie relations and Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, etc.
Discovery of Subatomic Particles
In this first segment of Chemistry Class 11 Chapter 2 – Structure of Atom, students will learn about the structure of atoms obtained after doing the experiments on electrical discharge through gases. NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 2 by Extramarks has all the answers related to the Discovery of Subatomic particles.
Discovery of Electron
This segment will inform students about the discovery of electrons. Questions regarding the same may appear in the exams and you can refer to NCERT Solutions by Extramarks to prepare yourself.
Charge to Mass Ratio of Electron
The chapter covers details about the ratio of the charge of an electron to the mass of an electron. The entire concept is explained to the students with the help of experiments.
Charge on the Electron
This segment involves the interpretation of the value of the charge on an electron.
Discovery of Protons and Neutrons
This part of the chapter informs students about how protons and neutrons were discovered. To understand this better, students can refer to Extramarks NCERT Solutions Class 11.
Atomic Models
This section of the chapter discusses the structure of two different atomic models. The purpose behind proposing these is to explain the distribution of charged particles inside an atom.
Thomson Model of Atom
The Plum Pudding Model by scientist J.J Thomson is explained in this section of the chapter. To understand this model deeper, you can refer to NCERT Solutions by Extramarks.
Rutherford’s Nuclear Model of Atom
Scientist Rutherford proposed another model for the structure of a model of an atom. He suggested this after conducting experiments with his students. This section covers this model in detail.
Atomic Number and Mass Number
This section introduces students to the concept of atomic number and mass number of each element, and also shows how to calculate them. Atomic number and mass number are explained well by Extramarks experts. Extramarks solutions can be very useful for understanding these concepts from Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 2.
Isobars and Isotopes
This chapter discusses Isobars and Isotopes. NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chapter 2 by Extramarks are ideal to refer to for this part of the chapter. Isobars and Isotopes are different but the two are often confused with each other.
Drawbacks of the Rutherford Model
Rutherford did propose the structure of the model of an atom after running experiments with his students, however, there were many drawbacks to his model. Extramarks helps in understanding these drawbacks in depth.
Developments Leading to the Bohr’s Model of Atom
Did you know that Bohr’s Model was built upon Rutherford’s Model? The chapter covers all the aspects that led to the development of Bohr’s Model of Atom.
Wave Nature of Electromagnetic Radiation
This segment involves information about the discovery of the wave nature of electromagnetic radiation.
Particle Nature of Electromagnetic Radiation: Planck’s Quantum Theory
Planck’s Quantum Theory led him to win a Nobel Prize. The complex details of this theory can be difficult to understand but Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 2 NCERT Solutions by Extramarks can aid in reducing the burden to a great extent.
Photoelectric Effect
The photoelectric effect and the experiments that led to its discovery are discussed in this section.
Dual Behaviour of Electromagnetic Radiation
Electromagnetic Radiation has a dual nature. This problem of the dual nature of electromagnetic radiation and its concepts are discussed in the chapter.
Evidence for the quantised* Electronic Energy Levels: Atomic spectra
Atomic Spectra is explained in this segment of the chapter. In case of any doubts, it is advisable to refer to NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chapter 2 by Extramarks for guidance.
Emission and Absorption Spectra
The emission spectrum, which is a radiation effect, is explained in this section.
Line Spectrum of Hydrogen
The Line Spectrum of Hydrogen is also called the Emission Spectrum of Hydrogen. The reaction when light is passed through hydrogen is explained in detail in this section.
The Spectral Lines for Atomic Hydrogen
Different spectral lines named after scientists who discovered them are discussed in this part.
Bohr’s Model for Hydrogen Atom
The first explanation of the general feature of a hydrogen atom is discussed in this segment.
Explanation of Line Spectrum of Hydrogen
Bohr’s model is used here to explain the varied lines of the spectrum of hydrogen.
Limitations of the Bohr’s Model
Bohr’s Model has limitations and the same are discussed in this section.
Towards Quantum Mechanical Model Of the Atom
This part of the chapter talks about the different theories that tried to solve the limitations faced by Bohr’s Model.
Dual Behaviour of Matter
The dual behaviour of matter being discovered caused a huge leap in academics. The chapter discusses the concept in detail.
Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle
Heisenberg had put forward a theory that said it was uncertain to truly know the position or speed of an electron in an atom. The chapter discusses the uncertainty principle.
Significance of the Uncertainty Principle
This part explains the importance of Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle.
Reasons for the Failure of the Bohr’s Model
Bohr’s Model failed due to certain reasons and the same is expanded upon in this segment.
Quantum Mechanical Model Of Atom
A new structure of an atom is covered in this section of the chapter. This new structure of the model of an atom is called the Quantum Mechanical Model of Atom. Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 2 NCERT Solutions by Extramarks have explained all complex concepts easily.
Hydrogen Atom and the Schrödinger Equation
This segment has a clear explanation of hydrogen and the Schrödinger Equation.
Orbitals and Quantum Numbers
Quantum numbers help in distinguishing atomic orbitals. The chapter has an in-depth description of orbitals and quantum numbers.
Shapes of Atomic Orbitals
This section covers the factors that influence the shape of atomic orbitals. Students with doubts can refer to Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 2 Solutions provided by Extramarks.
Energies of Orbital
This part teaches students about how an electron’s energy in a hydrogen atom can be measured and discusses the factors it is dependent on.
Filling of Orbitals in Atom
This section of Chapter 2 of Chemistry Class 12 discusses how electrons fill atomic orbitals.
Aufbau’s Principle
Aufbau’s Principle states that electrons fill low-energy atomic orbitals first and then the high-energy atomic orbitals. Students will read more about the principle in the chapter.
Pauli Exclusion Principle
The Pauli Exclusion Principle says that no two electrons in an atom or a molecule have the same four electronic quantum numbers. This principle influences how the orbital space is filled by electrons.
Hund’s Rule of Maximum Multiplicity
This chapter talks about Hund’s Rule of Maximum Multiplicity. Hund’s Rule explains how the same subshell orbitals are filled by electrons.
Electronic Configuration of Atoms
The electronic configuration is the process of how electrons are distributed in the orbitals. This part of the chapter talks about the same.
Stability of Completely Filled and Half-Filled Subshells
The process of stability of electrons that have filled and half-filled subshells and causes of the same are a part of this chapter. The topic is a bit complex, so students must refer to NCERT Solutions Class 11 by Extramarks to get a better understanding of the concept.
About Extramarks
Extramarks is your go-to platform for past years’ question papers, sample papers, and other learning material. We provide study solutions for all the subjects for Class 1 – 12 so that students get a better understanding of the concepts.