Economics is the study of the creation, consumption, and transfer of wealth. It explores how people, corporations, governments, and nations allocate their resources, especially those which are scarce.
The NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Economics Chapter 2 talks about the human population as the greatest asset any country can have, owing to their superiority in intelligence, skills and physical capability compared to any other living being. Humans make tools, machinery, and technology to extract natural resources and produce goods and services. However, with sensitive and delicate handling, the country can realise the full potential of its human resources. Rather than a burden, if the nation recognises its duty and invests in its people by providing health, education, and vocational training, it paves the way for the creation of human capital formation. Then people, as resources added to the product, might think of the nation or the Gross National Product.
NCERT Solutions provide detailed and authentic answers to all the textbook questions. Through those, the students can understand, remember and retain answers to NCERT questions and thus, perform well in exams
Going through the NCERT Solutions makes it easier for students to understand it. For example, Extramarks presents NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Economics Chapter 2 – People as Resources. Such content helps students understand the concepts as the Extramarks content has been made systematically, using basic language. NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Economics Chapter 2 – People as Resources are prepared by Economics experts having years of experience. There are practical examples, short stories, government data and statistical analysis to bring further clarity. The syllabus follows NCERT guidelines and trains students sufficiently for their CBSE examinations.
Apart from Class 9 Economics Chapter 2 Solutions by Extramarks, students can access various other comprehensive study materials on the Extramarks website. For example, study material such as NCERT books, CBSE revision notes, CBSE sample papers, and CBSE previous year question papers, all curated by experts after a lot of research, is available for all Classes.
Key Topics Covered in NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Economics Chapter 2
The tabular representation below covers the topics under NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Economics Chapter 2
| Topic |
| Introduction |
| Activities favouring the economy |
| Participation by Men and Women in economic activities |
| Determinants of quality population |
| Education |
| Health |
| Vocational training |
| Unemployment |
| Unemployment in rural areas |
| Unemployment in urban areas |
| Measures to mitigate unemployment |
| FAQ |
Introduction
In India, amongst all the available resources, people account for the maximum, both in numbers and availability. The rest of the resources like land, water, atmosphere, flora, and fauna are shared. A high population reduces this share. But if the same population is made capable enough to maximise the output of the available resources and produce more, then the population can be of great advantage. The NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Economics Chapter 2 treats this concept in detail. Through this Chapter, we learn how activating agents like health, education and training, uplift the people to perform better for themselves and their community. On the other hand, the absence of welfare can lead to unemployment and disillusionment, which only weakens the country’s economy.
The skilled and productive humans, who can contribute to Gross National Product, are referred to as ‘People as Resources’. This is because only human beings can extract benefits from land and other physical resources and not the other way around. Sometimes human resources alone are a powerhouse of resources without land, tools, plants, or other materials. As a case in point, human resources independently have created a niche for India in its IT industry.
Activities favouring the economy
The NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Economics Chapter 2 categorises occupation in India into three parts – primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary activities like farming, forestry, fishing, animal husbandry, poultry farming, mining etc., and secondary activities like manufacturing, etc., do not add to the national income. Whereas tertiary activities like e-commerce, banking, tourism, transport, health, services etc., add value to the national exchequer and are called economic activities. Tertiary activities may be market or non-market activities. Market activity is for profit-making and involves remuneration, viz. government services, production of goods and services. The non-market activity involves production mainly for self-consumption.
Participation by Men and Women in economic activities
To a large extent, India still follows the age-old custom and tradition of division of labour, where a man works outside the house and earns money to meet his family’s needs. Women take care of the young and old apart from household chores. These activities are not part of the National Income. Hence, women do not get paid for them. The NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Economics Chapter 2 illustrates the disparity in men’s and women’s education and skill set. Women are less educated, as well as less skilled as compared to men, and get paid less for the same work. Moreover, women sometimes work in places without social security, legal protection, health facilities etc., where the pay is very irregular. However, if women are given higher education and trained in skill sets, they perform on par with men and are paid accordingly.
Determinants of quality population
We have already seen how the population can be turned into an asset if nurtured with good health, education, and sufficient training. Just as investment in land and capital yields returns, investment in individuals increases the country’s asset value. e.g., Japan has precisely done this.
Health
Health is foremost in improving the quality of a population. Any organisation demands healthy and strong employees for its growth. Good health breeds a healthy mind and helps individuals realise their full potential. India has created many programs for free and accessible health care, nutritional food distribution and family welfare, especially for the economically backward section of the population.
Education
Education is the tool that equips an individual with intelligent thinking, decision-making ability, empathy, better-earning capability, and overall contribution to society and the country. Educated individuals understand the importance of nutrition, health, and hygiene and imbibe similar qualities in their progeny. Though education is the right of every citizen, the NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Economics Chapter 2 brings out its unequal treatment towards males and females, urban and rural and even region wise. Though the number of schools has steadily increased, high dropouts and poor-quality schooling have not improved literacy conditions. The ambitious ‘Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan’ is a partnership between centre, state, and local governing bodies and communities and aims at educating all children aged 6-14 years in a time-bound fashion. Midday meals, bridge courses and camps promoting the back-to-school motto have been instrumental in improving children’s attendance, nutrition, and retentivity.
Vocational Training
Apart from a healthy body and primary education, an individual also needs to have a skill set to perform specific duties in any organisation. The salaries are commensurate to an individual’s capability, skill, and experience. The NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Economics Chapter 2 suggests techniques for quality training such as state-wise curriculum, distant education to access vocational subjects, networking for better use of information technology, the convergence of IT educational establishments, and formal and informal training. This way, students stand a better chance for a job of choice and higher salary.
Unemployment
The working force in India falls between 15 to 59 years, and within this bracket, if the individual is unable to secure a job at the going wages, they are termed unemployed. The NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Economics Chapter 2 brings out the different variants of unemployment.
In agricultural India, rainfall and other seasonal phenomena play a significant role in farm yield performance. In case of inconsistencies in these phenomena, there might be periods when farm labour involved in sowing, harvesting, threshing, and weeding are without jobs. Hence, they suffer from seasonal unemployment. The other common scenario given in the NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Economics Chapter 2 is disguised unemployment, where additional labour is involved unnecessarily. Since the product is the same, the extra hands-only reduces the burden on the workers and ends up getting a lower share of the wages. These two types of unemployment are prevalent in rural India.
Urban areas have their problems. The NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Economics Chapter 2 showcases how highly educated persons outnumber the available openings. Ironically, there are technically qualified youths who do not have enough jobs, and at the same time, there are openings lying vacant for want of skilled labour. The colossal wastage of the workforce is detrimental to the economy, depressing society and a burden to the nation. In addition, the health, education and welfare activities of the unemployed family get affected. The unemployment rate in India is low, but the income and productivity are not commensurate with their potential, experience and skill set. Since the economically backward section cannot afford to be idle, they work for sustenance at a bare minimum salary and do not have a job of choice. As a result, they suffer from forced unemployment.
Through the NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Economics Chapter 2, we see a shift from primary to secondary and tertiary occupations. The labour-intensive factories and manufacturing units have created more jobs. Awareness through education brings reforms to villages, where jobs in health, teaching and enterprise sectors have crept up. The tertiary industry provides novel services like biotechnology, paramedical, astronomy, information technology, entrepreneurship etc.
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Economics Chapter 2 Exercises & Solutions
The syllabus of the NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Economics Chapter 2 covers all the crucial topics and sufficient information for children to score well in the CBSE examinations. The Chapter also trains students toward practical thinking rather than memorising the theory. This method of teaching has higher retention and application for future endeavours.
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Key Features of NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Economics Chapter 2
NCERT Solutions provide detailed and authentic answers to all the textbook questions. Through those, the students can understand, remember and retain answers to NCERT questions and thus, perform well in exams
- This Chapter focuses on real-life situations and issues faced in rural/ urban India to reveal the different concepts related to human resources and their effective utilisation.
- It emphasises the treatment of the human population as the most critical resource. If offered to every citizen at the right age, some basic needs of education, health, and training will go a long way in nurturing their true potential.
- The other aspects covered in the NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Economics Chapter 2 are the economically viable activities, pay parity amongst different sects of population and unemployment as an inherent problem in urban and rural India.
- Experts and professionals at Extramarks have kept the language accessible in the NCERT Class 9 Economics Chapter 2, at the same time effectively explaining all concepts with in-depth analysis and sensitivity, in line with NCERT principles.