(i) (d) Tropical Evergreen
India is rich in its fauna. It is because India has a variety of relief features, soils and climatic conditions. It influences the flora and fauna of the place. It has approximately 90,000 animal species. The country has about 2,000 species of birds. They constitute 13% of the world’s total. There are 2,546 species of fish, which account for nearly 12% of the world’s stock. It also shares between 5 and 8 per cent of the world’s amphibians, reptiles and mammals.
Map Skills
On an outline map of India, label the following.
(i) Areas of Evergreen Forests
(ii) Areas of Dry Deciduous Forests
(iii) Two national parks each in Northern, Southern, Eastern and Western parts of the Country
Excessive exploitation of the plants and animal resources by human beings has disturbed the ecosystem. About 1,300 plant species are endangered and 20 species are extinct. The main causes of this major threat to nature are
The major types of vegetation found in India are:
(i) Tropical Evergreen Forests
(ii) Tropical Deciduous Forests
(iii) Tropical Thorn Forests and Scrubs
(iv) Montane Forests
(v) Mangrove Forests
The Montane forests are found in the high altitude. Their characteristic features are:
(i)
Flora |
Fauna |
The natural occurring plant life in a particular region or time is called flora. |
The indigenous animal life of a particular region is called fauna. |
For example, Rubber trees are native to the Equatorial region. |
For example, Polar Bear is a native animal of the Polar region. |
(ii)
Tropical Evergreen |
Deciduous forests |
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(i)The factors responsible for the distribution of plants and animals in India are a relief (land and soil) and climate (temperature, sunlight and precipitation).
(ii)Biosphere Reserves are representative parts of natural and cultural landscapes extending over a large area of terrestrial or coastal (marine) ecosystems. It is an ecosystem with plants and animals of unusual scientific and natural interest. For example, Sunderban and Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserves.
(iii)Biosphere Reserves are representative parts of natural and cultural landscapes extending over a large area of terrestrial or coastal (marine) ecosystems. It is an ecosystem with plants and animals of unusual scientific and natural interest. For example, Sunderban and Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserves.
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