CBSE Class 6 Science Revision Notes Chapter 3

CBSE Class 6 Science Chapter 3  Revision Notes – Fibre to Fabric

Extramarks Class 6 Science Chapter 3 Notes are a highly reliable study source. Subject matter experts have meticulously prepared the NCERT revision notes for Class 6 Science. These Class 6 Chapter 3 Science Notes provide a step-by-step, in-depth explanation of the concepts. To improve exam preparation, students can access the NCERT revision notes for Class 6 Science available at Extramarks. These Class 6 Science Chapter 3 Notes will help them review the entire curriculum and perform better during exams. 

Important Topics Covered in This Chapter 

Following is a list of important topics covered in this chapter.

• What is Fibre?
• Types of Fibre
• Variety of Natural Fibre
• Fibres from Plant Sources
• Fibres from Animal Sources
• Spinning Cotton Yarn
• Yarn to Fabric
• History of Clothing Material

Revision Notes for CBSE Class 6 Science Chapter 3 

Access Class 6 Science Chapter 3 – Fibre to Fabric Notes

Fibre: Fibre is a very fine filament that resembles a thread. Based on their source, fibres are divided into two categories:

(a)  Natural fibres: These fibres are derived from plants and animals (optional). Jute, cotton, wool, and silk are a few examples.

(b) Synthetic fibres: These fibres are produced using chemicals. Thus, man made or artificial fibres are other names for synthetic fibres. Nylon, rayon, polyester, etc., are a few examples.

Fabric: It is made of yarns that are woven into cloth by knitting or weaving. 

Fabrics are woven material or textile.

• It is prepared from yarns by weaving or knitting.
• Example: Blankets, towels, curtains, etc.

Fibres and Their Plant Sources

Cotton: Cotton is acquired from the cotton plant. Black soil and a warm climate are ideal for growing cotton.

Jute: The jute plant’s stem serves as its source.

Hemp: It belongs to the same species of cannabis. The fibre is often yellowish, greenish, or a deep brown or grey and is rarely dyed. It is less flexible and longer than flax. hemp, also called industrial hemp, is a plant of the family Cannabaceae cultivated for its bast fibre or its edible seeds. Hemp is sometimes confused with the cannabis plants that serve as sources of the drug marijuana and the drug preparation hashish.

Flax: It is used to weave linen and is obtained from the linseed plant.

Ramie: Sails for boats and parachutes are made from this fibre.

Coir: It is a fibre derived from the coconut’s husk or outer shell. coir, seed-hair fibre obtained from the outer shell, or husk, of the coconut. The coarse, stiff, reddish brown fibre is made up of smaller threads, each about 0.03 to 0.1 cm (0.01 to 0.04 inch) long and 12 to 24 microns (a micron is about 0.00004 inch) in diameter, composed of lignin, a woody plant substance, and cellulose. India and Sri Lanka are top coir producers.

How is cotton fibre processed?

Ginning: It is the process of removing the seeds from cotton fibre by combing.

Carding: It is the process of cleaning and separating clumped-together fibres to form slivers.

Drawing: A set of rollers with varying speeds attenuates and shrinks the silver  into firm, homogeneous strands to a usable size.

Spinning: It is the process of creating yarn from cotton fibre.

Weaving: It is the process of using yarn to create cloth.

How is jute processed?

Retting: The stalks of the Jute plant are soaked for 10 to 15 days, and occasionally longer, after being harvested. Other than the fibres, retting softens the stem tissues.

Stripping: The stalks are stripped so that the fibres can be manually extracted.

Washing and Drying: The fibres that have been stripped are cleaned and dried in the sun.

Fibres Obtained from Animal Sources

Silk: To produce silk, a process called sericulture is followed, which involves breeding and raising silkworms.

Wool: Sheep’s fleece is used to make yarn, which is then made into fibre.

Obtaining Wool Fibre

Shearing is the process by which the sheep’s fleece and a very thin layer of skin are removed.

Processing of wool fibre 

The different steps for turning fibres into wool are as follows: Shearing: the sheep’s fleece is separated from its body along with a thin layer of skin. Scouring: The hair-sheared skin is washed vigorously in tanks to absorb oil, dust and soil. The fibres are straightened into yarn, combed, and rolled.

(i)  Shearing: It refers to the process of removing the animal’s woollen coat or fleece.

(ii) Scouring: To remove grease, dust, and dirt, sheared sheep’s hair is cleaned and then washed in tanks.

(iii) Sorting and Grading: After being cleaned, hair is brought to a factory where various types of hair are also separated.

(iv) Carding: The loose wool fibres from the hair that were separated during the sorting process are fed into a “Carding” machine, where they are combed into a sheet and then twisted into a rope or slivers.

(v) Making Yarn: These slivers are then twisted and stretched into a yarn.

(vi) Washing and Finishing: The yarn is now wound to form big balls of wool.

Making of Fabric from Yarn

It primarily involves several processes:

(a) Weaving: Weaving is the process of combining two sets of yarns to create a fabric on looms. Two sets of fibre-based threads or yarn, referred to as the warp, are positioned before weaving. The weft is positioned perpendicular to the warps and the warps are drawn tightly in parallel order.

(b) Knitting: It is the technique for creating fabric out of a single yarn. It can be carried out manually or mechanically.

Class 6 Science

In every other area of contemporary life, Science is one of the most crucial subjects. The knowledge of science is required in some way for everything from machine noise to construction noise to the food we eat, the clothes we wear, the games we play and enjoy, and the homes in which we all live. Science has an impact on every aspect of our lives.

For students who want to pursue careers in engineering, medicine, or other tech-related fields, science is one of the most crucial subjects. Students in CBSE Class 6 Science are taught the fundamentals, which have a variety of applications in higher education.

Class 6 Chapter 3 Science Notes explains all of the concepts in the Class 6 Science textbooks, along with suitable examples for better understanding. These notes can be accessed from Extramarks’ website.

Chapters that are covered in Class 6 Science

• Chapter 1 – Food: Where Does It Come From Notes
• Chapter 2 – Components of Food Notes
• Chapter 3 – Fibre to Fabric Notes
• Chapter 4 – Sorting Materials into Groups Notes
• Chapter 5 – Separation of Substances Notes
• Chapter 6 – Changes Around Us Notes
• Chapter 7 – Getting to Know Plants Notes
• Chapter 8 – Body Movements Notes
• Chapter 9 – The Living Organisms and Their Surroundings Notes
• Chapter 10 – Motion and Measurement of Distances Notes
• Chapter 11 – Light, Shadows and Reflections Notes
• Chapter 12 – Electricity and Circuits Notes
• Chapter 13 – Fun with Magnets Notes
• Chapter 14 – Water Notes
• Chapter 15 – Air Around Us Notes
• Chapter 16 – Garbage In, Garbage Out Notes

What is Food?

Any substance that all living things eat and use for energy is referred to as food. Our body requires energy to carry out a number of essential processes, such as growth and repair. There are numerous food options, including bread, milk, rice, pulses, vegetables, eggs, fruits, chicken, and fish, among others. Class 6 Science Chapter 3 Notes explain all of these concepts in detail.

Components of Food

There are many different types of food, and each of these foods is composed of a variety of ingredients, or components. For the cells and tissues in our bodies to function properly, food must contain five main nutrients.

Fibres and Fabrics

Fibres are continuous, thin, and flexible strands that can be spun into yarn and used to create fabrics.

Fabrics are defined as cloth materials produced by weaving or knitting threads.

Materials

The items that we all use on a daily basis are constructed from a variety of materials. These materials are categorised according to a variety of factors, such as their physical characteristics, material properties, mass, etc.

Mixture

A substance created by combining two or more other substances is known as a mixture. For example, smog, air, and saltwater.

Pure Substance

The term “pure substance” refers to a substance in which each and every particle is distinct and identical. For example, distilled water.

Changes

Every day, we experience a variety of changes. These include a day turning into night and vice versa, the rising and setting of the sun and the moon , climate changes, ice melting, etc. These changes can be reversible or irreversible.

Structure of a Plant

The root system and the shoot system are the two main components of a typical plant’s structure.

Root System: Under the surface is the root system. It has roots in it.

Shoot System: This is located above ground. It has fruits, flowers, buds, flowers, stems, branches, leaves, and roots.

Body Movements

A change in a body’s position is referred to as a movement. Both the human body and other species undergo several movements when moving from one location to another. The change in position of the entire organism is described by the term locomotion. Different movements in the human body include eyelid movement, neck rotation, nodding of head , and jaw muscle movement.

Types of Joints

There are two main types of joints:

• Moveable joints
• Immovable joints

The different types of movable joints in our body include:

• Ball and socket joint
• Gliding joints
• Hinge joints
• Pivot joints

What are Living Organisms?

Living organisms are defined as entities made up of life that possess unique characteristics and behaviours. Every living thing eats, breathes, develops, moves, reproduces, excretes, and reacts. Living things, also known as organisms, include people, plants, microbes, animals, birds, and insects.

What is Motion?

The act of moving or an object shifting its location or position can be summed up as motion. For example, walking, running, throwing, jumping, and bouncing.

Light

Light is a type of energy that facilitates our ability to see objects. As a result, some of the light rays that strike an object are reflected in your eyes, allowing you to see the object. Objects are classified as luminous and non-luminous based on the emission of light.

Luminous Object

Light-producing entities are known as luminous objects. For example, the Sun and torches.

Non-luminous Object

Non-luminous objects are those that do not emit light. For example, the moon.

Electric Cell

Electric cells are the tools used to create an electric current by triggering a series of chemical reactions.

Magnet

Magnets are objects that attract magnetic materials like cobalt, iron, and nickel.

Magnes, a shepherd in ancient Greece, is credited with discovering magnetism. Consequently, the name of the discovery was given to this naturally occurring mineral magnet. The term “natural magnets” refers to magnets that are obtained naturally from the Magnetite rock, while the term “artificial magnets” refers to magnets created artificially through the combination of specific mineral ores.

Water

Water is defined as a pure, priceless, and necessary component of life. It covers about two-thirds of the  earth’s surface.

Air

While we cannot see the air around us, we can understand its presence. A variety of gases make up air. The different elements that make up air are 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 0.9% argon, 0.04% carbon dioxide, and roughly 1% water vapour. Breathing and burning both depend on air. The presence of air is largely responsible for life’s continued existence on the Earth.

What is Garbage?

Garbage refers to all waste materials and other household waste that are created on a daily basis. Peels from fruits and vegetables, unfinished food products, used paper and plastic, as well as many other waste items, are included in garbage.