Reproduction is the biological process by which organisms create new individuals of their own kind, with small variations that help species survive. Chapter 7 of Class 10 Science covers DNA copying, asexual methods, sexual reproduction in plants, human reproductive systems, and reproductive health.
Important questions class 10 science chapter 7 on this page cover MCQs, process questions, diagram-based questions, short answers, long answers, and PYQ-style practice. All questions follow the CBSE 2026 syllabus and NCERT Reprint 2026-27 chapter sequence.
A bud on Hydra, mould growing on bread, a potato eye sprouting, and a human embryo getting nutrition through the placenta all answer the same question this chapter asks. A student who knows why Amoeba divides in any plane, why sexual reproduction creates more variation, and why testes need a lower temperature will handle every question format in this chapter. Use Class 10 Science NCERT Solutions and Class 10 Science Important Questions alongside this page for complete board preparation.
Key Takeaways
| Particular |
Details |
| Class |
Class 10 |
| Subject |
Science |
| Chapter |
Chapter 7 |
| Chapter Name |
How do Organisms Reproduce? |
| Syllabus |
CBSE 2026 |
| Main Topics |
DNA Copying, Variation, Asexual Reproduction, Sexual Reproduction |
| Scoring Areas |
Flower Diagram, Human Reproductive System, Menstruation, Contraception |
| Question Types |
MCQs, VSA, Short Answer, Long Answer, Diagrams, PYQ-Style Questions |
Introduction to How do Organisms Reproduce? Class 10
Chapter 7 is built around one central idea: life continues because organisms copy their DNA and pass it to offspring. The method differs across organisms, from Amoeba splitting in any plane to a pollen tube growing through the style to find an ovule, but the purpose is the same.
Three sections carry the most CBSE 2026 board marks. DNA copying and variation explain why reproduction matters. Asexual methods test exact organism-method matches. Human reproduction tests diagrams, sequence of events, and reasoning questions on placenta, menstruation, and contraception.
The class 10 reproduction chapter important questions on this page are organised in the same order the NCERT chapter follows. Start with DNA copying, then revise asexual methods, flowering plant reproduction, human reproduction, and reproductive health.
Important Topics in How do Organisms Reproduce? Class 10
Every board question from this chapter maps to one of these topics. Know the organism, method, and reason for each before attempting board-style answers.
DNA copying and variation. Importance of variation for species survival. Binary fission and multiple fission. Fragmentation in Spirogyra. Regeneration in Planaria. Budding in Hydra and yeast. Vegetative propagation in plants. Spore formation in Rhizopus. Sexual reproduction and meiosis. Pollination and fertilisation in flowering plants. Puberty and human reproductive systems. Menstruation and placenta. Contraception and reproductive health.
Important Questions Class 10 Science Chapter 7: DNA Copying and Variation
DNA copying sits at the start of this chapter for a reason. These how do organisms reproduce class 10 questions and answers on DNA and variation set up every other topic that follows.
Q1. Why is reproduction important for a species? Reproduction maintains the population of a species. It creates new individuals with the same basic body design. It also brings small variations that help the species survive environmental changes.
Q2. Why does DNA copying create variation? DNA copying depends on biochemical reactions. These reactions may create small copying changes. These changes lead to variations in offspring.
Q3. Why is variation useful for survival? Variation helps some individuals survive when the environment changes. If temperature, water level, food supply, or disease conditions change, useful variations help a few organisms live and reproduce.
Q4. Why do organisms use different modes of reproduction? Organisms use different modes because their body designs differ. Unicellular organisms divide through fission. Simple multicellular organisms use methods like budding. Complex organisms use specialised reproductive cells and organs.
How do Organisms Reproduce Class 10 MCQ with Answers
These how do organisms reproduce class 10 mcq with answers cover all major topics in the chapter. MCQs from this chapter test exact examples: Amoeba, Leishmania, Plasmodium, Hydra, Bryophyllum, Rhizopus, anther, ovary, vas deferens, and fallopian tube appear as close options regularly.
Q1. Asexual reproduction takes place through budding in: (a) Amoeba (b) Yeast (c) Plasmodium (d) Leishmania (b) Yeast.
Q2. Which structure contains pollen grains? (a) Sepal (b) Ovule (c) Anther (d) Stigma (c) Anther.
Q3. Which part belongs to the male reproductive system? (a) Ovary (b) Uterus (c) Vas deferens (d) Fallopian tube (c) Vas deferens.
Q4. Binary fission occurs in: (a) Amoeba (b) Hydra (c) Rhizopus (d) Bryophyllum (a) Amoeba.
Q5. Fertilisation in humans usually occurs in the: (a) Uterus (b) Fallopian tube (c) Vagina (d) Ovary (b) Fallopian tube.
Q6. The embryo receives nutrition from the mother through the: (a) Ovary (b) Placenta (c) Cervix (d) Urethra (b) Placenta.
Class 10 Science Chapter 7 Question Answer: Very Short Answers
One-mark answers in this chapter reward exact biological terms. These class 10 science chapter 7 question answer items are the most direct recall questions from the NCERT chapter.
Q1. What is reproduction? Reproduction is the biological process through which organisms produce new individuals of their own kind.
Q2. What is fission? Fission is an asexual reproduction method in which a unicellular organism divides into daughter cells.
Q3. What is budding? Budding is an asexual reproduction method where a new individual grows as an outgrowth on the parent body.
Q4. What is vegetative propagation? Vegetative propagation is a plant reproduction method where roots, stems, or leaves grow into new plants.
Q5. What is pollination? Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of a flower.
Q6. What is fertilisation? Fertilisation is the fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote.
Q7. What is puberty? Puberty is the stage when reproductive tissues mature and the body becomes sexually mature.
Q8. What is menstruation? Menstruation is the monthly breakdown and removal of the uterine lining when fertilisation does not occur.
How do Organisms Reproduce Class 10 Questions and Answers: Short Answer
Short answer questions test reasons, differences, and process links. Write the main point first, then add the explanation. These how do organisms reproduce class 10 questions and answers cover the most tested 2-mark and 3-mark formats.
Q1. How does binary fission differ from multiple fission?
| Basis |
Binary Fission |
Multiple Fission |
| Meaning |
One cell divides into two daughter cells |
One cell divides into many daughter cells |
| Example |
Amoeba, Leishmania |
Plasmodium |
| Number of Offspring |
Two |
Many |
| Division Pattern |
Single division |
Repeated division before release |
Q2. Why can Amoeba divide in any plane? Amoeba has no fixed body shape. Its cell can split in any plane during binary fission. This produces two daughter Amoebae.
Q3. Why does Leishmania divide in a definite orientation? Leishmania has a whip-like structure at one end. Its body has more organisation than Amoeba. So binary fission occurs in a definite orientation.
Q4. Why do complex multicellular organisms use specialised reproduction methods? Complex multicellular organisms have tissues and organs in fixed positions. Their body systems need organised development. Specialised reproductive cells help create a complete organism in the correct sequence.
Q5. Why is vegetative propagation useful in plants? Vegetative propagation helps grow plants that produce fewer viable seeds. It produces plants with the same traits as the parent. Farmers use it for sugarcane, rose, banana, jasmine, and grapes.
How do Organisms Reproduce Class 10 Extra Questions
These how do organisms reproduce class 10 extra questions go beyond standard NCERT exercises. They test reasoning and application, which appear in pre-board and CBSE 2026 board papers.
Q1. How does regeneration differ from normal reproduction? Regeneration helps some simple organisms form a complete body from a cut part. Planaria shows this ability. Normal reproduction uses a regular reproductive method to produce offspring.
Q2. What happens after fertilisation in a flower? The zygote divides and forms an embryo inside the ovule. The ovule becomes a seed and the ovary grows into a fruit. Petals, sepals, stamens, style, and stigma may dry and fall off.
Q3. Why does sexual reproduction create more variation? Sexual reproduction combines DNA from two individuals. This creates new combinations of variations. These variations help a species adapt better to environmental changes.
Q4. Why are testes located in the scrotum? Testes stay in the scrotum because sperm formation needs a lower temperature than normal body temperature. This helps the testes produce healthy sperms.
Q5. Why does the uterus lining become thick every month? The uterus prepares to receive a fertilised egg every month. Its lining becomes thick and blood-rich to nourish the embryo. If fertilisation does not occur, this lining breaks down during menstruation.
Long Answer Questions on Reproduction in Plants and Humans
Long answers in this chapter need the correct sequence. Use terms like pollen tube, zygote, embryo, seed, placenta, fallopian tube, and uterus correctly. These how do organisms reproduce class 10 important questions with answers pdf format items are structured for 5-mark CBSE 2026 board responses.
Q1. Explain sexual reproduction in flowering plants. The flower contains the reproductive parts of an angiosperm. The stamen is the male reproductive part and produces pollen grains. The pistil is the female reproductive part with stigma, style, and ovary.
During pollination, pollen grains move from the anther to the stigma. A pollen tube grows through the style and reaches the ovary. The male germ cell fuses with the female gamete inside the ovule. This fusion forms a zygote. The zygote develops into an embryo. The ovule becomes a seed and the ovary becomes a fruit.
Q2. Explain the male reproductive system in humans. The male reproductive system has testes, scrotum, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, urethra, and penis. Testes produce sperms and testosterone. The scrotum holds the testes outside the abdominal cavity.
Sperms travel through the vas deferens. Seminal vesicles and prostate gland add secretions that help sperm transport and nutrition. The urethra acts as a common passage for urine and semen. The penis transfers sperms into the female reproductive tract.
Q3. Explain the female reproductive system in humans. The female reproductive system has ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, and vagina. Ovaries produce eggs and female hormones. One egg matures every month after puberty.
The egg travels through the fallopian tube. Fertilisation usually occurs in the fallopian tube. The zygote divides to form an embryo. The embryo implants in the uterus and the uterus supports development of the foetus until birth.
Q4. Explain the role of the placenta. Placenta is a special tissue between the embryo and the uterus wall. It has villi on the embryo side and blood spaces on the mother side. This gives a large surface area for exchange.
Glucose and oxygen pass from the mother's blood to the embryo. Waste materials from the embryo pass into the mother's blood for removal.
How do Organisms Reproduce Previous Year Questions Class 10
How do organisms reproduce previous year questions class 10 usually focus on repeated NCERT ideas. Practise these as 2-mark, 3-mark, and 5-mark answers for CBSE 2026 board preparation.
Q1. How is pollination different from fertilisation?
| Pollination |
Fertilisation |
| Pollen moves from anther to stigma |
Male and female gametes fuse |
| It occurs before fertilisation |
It occurs after pollination |
| It uses agents like wind, water, or animals |
It occurs inside the ovule |
| It starts the plant reproduction process |
It forms the zygote |
Q2. What are the functions of testes in human beings? Testes produce male gametes called sperms. They also produce testosterone. Testosterone controls sperm formation and brings changes seen in boys during puberty.
Q3. What changes occur in girls at puberty? Girls show increase in breast size, darkening of nipples, hair growth in armpits and genital region, oily skin, pimples, and the beginning of menstruation.
Q4. What are the different methods of contraception? Contraceptive methods include condoms, oral pills, copper-T, and surgical methods. Condoms act as barriers. Pills change hormonal balance. Copper-T works inside the uterus. Surgical methods block sperm or egg transport.
Q5. How does reproduction provide stability to populations? Reproduction creates new individuals of the same species. DNA copying maintains body design. Variation helps survival during environmental changes. Together, reproduction and variation help populations continue over time.
How do Organisms Reproduce Class 10 Diagrams
Diagram questions are scoring because this chapter has many labelled visuals. These how do organisms reproduce class 10 diagrams are the most commonly asked in CBSE 2026 board papers.
Practise all six diagrams from memory before the exam.
Binary Fission in Amoeba: Label these parts: Parent Amoeba, Nucleus, Dividing nucleus, Cytoplasm division, Two daughter Amoebae. Amoeba divides in any plane because it has no fixed body shape.
Budding in Hydra: Label these parts: Parent Hydra, Bud, Developing bud, Young Hydra. Repeated cell division at one site forms a bud. The bud grows, detaches, and becomes independent.
Spore Formation in Rhizopus: Label these parts: Hypha, Sporangium, Spores, Thick spore wall. Spores have thick walls. They stay protected until they reach a moist surface.
Longitudinal Section of Flower: Label these parts: Stigma, Style, Ovary, Ovule, Anther, Filament, Petal, Sepal. This diagram answers questions on pollination, fertilisation, seed formation, and fruit formation.
Human Male Reproductive System: Label these parts: Testis, Scrotum, Vas deferens, Seminal vesicle, Prostate gland, Urethra, Penis.
Human Female Reproductive System: Label these parts: Ovary, Fallopian tube, Uterus, Cervix, Vagina.
Case-Based and Reason-Based Questions from Chapter 7
Reason-based questions connect structure to function. If the question mentions scrotum, think temperature. If it mentions placenta, think exchange. If it mentions variation, think DNA copying.
Case 1: Potato Pieces and New Shoots
A student cuts a potato into pieces. Some pieces have buds. After a few days, pieces with buds grow into new shoots.
Q1. Which method of reproduction appears here? This shows vegetative propagation. A vegetative part of the plant produces a new plant.
Q2. Why did the bud pieces grow? Buds contain growing points. These points develop into shoots and roots under suitable conditions.
Q3. Why do farmers use this method? Farmers use vegetative propagation to produce plants with the same traits as the parent. It also gives faster plant growth than seeds in many cases.
Case 2: Copper-T and Health Protection
A woman uses copper-T to avoid pregnancy. She asks about protection from sexually transmitted infections.
Q1. What does copper-T help prevent? Copper-T helps prevent pregnancy. It works inside the uterus and prevents successful pregnancy.
Q2. Which method helps reduce infection risk? Condoms help reduce the risk of many sexually transmitted infections. They act as a physical barrier during sexual contact.
Q3. Why should contraceptive methods be chosen carefully? Different contraceptive methods work in different ways. Some prevent pregnancy. Some reduce infection risk. A doctor's guidance helps in understanding safety and side effects.