Important Questions Class 6 Social Science Social And Political Life Chapter 3

Important Questions Class 6 Social Science Social and Political Life Chapter 3 – Government

Social and Political Life is a subject that discusses government institutions and functioning through concrete examples to create  general awareness about  such as how laws and regulations run a country and how these laws are enforced. Chapter 3 of Social and Political Life helps the learner study about what is government?, levels of government, types of government, the necessity of laws and the role of government  in enforcing these laws.

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Important Questions Class 6 Social Science, Social and Political Life Chapter 3 – With Solutions

Question 1. What do you understand by the word ‘government’? List five ways in which you think the government affects your daily life.

Answer    1. The word “government” means a system of institutions that help run a country legally. A state or a nation is properly governed by the people elected as representatives of the country.

Five ways in which the government affects daily life:-

• The government is responsible for building basic infrastructures such as roads, schools, public toilets and buildings.
• The government is responsible for caring for the country’s citizens by providing adequate healthcare facilities to people by building hospitals and providing education to children by building schools.
• The government is responsible for providing electricity to households and the smooth running of industries.
• It is the government’s responsibility to take care of the people when natural disasters or situations like food shortages or drought occur.
• The government is involved in resolving conflicts between people, organisations and communities. The courts help the government in doing so.

Question 2. How was the voting system practised in India before Independence? Write about Gandhiji’s views in the Young India journal.

Answer   2. There was no equality in pre-Independence India in regard to the right to vote. Only a small minority of wealthy people voted to decide the fate of the majority.A section of people did not have the power to participate in the making of the government. This section consists of people who were poor and uneducated. In his journal Young India in 1931, he said that he couldn’t bear the fact that the wealthy can vote, however, the man of character with no wealth or literacy or the man who toils day in and day out should not have the right to vote for being a poor man is in no way justified.

Question 3. What was the suffrage movement? What did it accomplish?

Answer    3. Many countries like the USA and Europe did not give women and the poor the right to vote.  They had to fight for their rights for their participation in the government. . It was known as the suffrage movement. The term suffrage means the right to vote.

• The movement gained momentum during the first world war. Since most men were away in the fields, women started working in factories and other jobs.
• Society realised that women were capable of making decisions and the stereotype of them being dependent thinkers was untrue.
• Women and those supporting them continued to fight for their right to vote. Many were jailed, and some even went on hunger strikes.
• However, they were victorious in the end. Women in America got their right to vote in 1920, and Uk women got their right to vote in 1928.

Question 4. What are the different types of governments? What form of government does India have?

Answer 4. Every form of government is based on how people elect it.  Popular forms of government are:

1. Democracy

• Every person is given the right to vote by the constitution.
• The people use their right to vote to elect their representatives during elections.
• The elected representatives form the government.
• In a democracy, the government is responsible and answerable to its people. .

1. Monarchy

• The king or a queen (monarch) has decision-making powers.
• The monarch has a small group of nobles who help them to make decisions.
• However, the ultimate power to take a decision lies solely in the hands of the monarch.
• The monarch is not responsible for explaining their decisions to the people.

India has a democratic form of government where people vote and choose their representatives and  they form the government.

Question 5. Gandhiji strongly believed that every adult in India should be given the right to vote. However, a few people don’t share their views. They feel that illiterate people, mainly the poor, should not be given the right to vote. What do you think? Do you think this would be a form of discrimination? Give five points to support your view and share these with the class.

Answer   5. Pre-Independent Indian society did not witness the concept of the right to vote being given to everyone. Gandhi was strongly against this view. According to him, everyone should have the right to vote regardless of their education and economic background.

Denying people the right to vote is a form of discrimination due to the following reasons:-

• The Indian constitution clearly states that everyone is equal and no one is above or below the law.
• Equal rights are extended to all citizens, whether rich or poor, educated or uneducated.
• The government is responsible for appropriately enforcing the constitution.
• People are entitled to utilise their right to vote to elect a government that works for them since the government is for the people.
• It will be an unjust and discriminatory practice if a section of people cannot elect the representatives who would be governing them.

Gandhiji was hurt by this discrimination and mentioned in his Young India journal that a wealthy man should not be the only one with the right to vote. A poor and honest man who has character but no wealth or literacy should also have the right to vote.

He promoted the idea of a Universal Adult Franchise which stated that every adult holds power and the right to participate in the making of the government by exercising their right to vote.

Question 6. Why do you think the government formulates rules for everyone through laws?

Answer    6. The government needs to make rules for the smooth running of society. If rules don’t exist, there will be chaos and confusion in every sphere whether it’s school or government offices…, and the number of social issues and economic and political conflicts would increase. It would be impossible to function. The government is also responsible for making laws and rules and enforcing them. For example, all vehicle owners and drivers must have a licence. They could be charged for not having the licence. This law would prevent inexperienced drivers from causing accidents on roads.The charges for jumping the red light or speeding would be the same whether you are driving a sports car or a two-wheeler. On the other hand, people can also appeal to the high court or the supreme court if they feel they are denied a job just because of their caste or religion. The Indian Constitution is a living document which recognises the equality of laws for all persons. It ensures the dignity and self-respect of each person and keeps a check that they are not discriminated against just because they are poor and marginalised.

 Question  7. Name two essential features of a democratic government.

Answer     7. The following are two essential features of democracy:-

• People have the right and power to form a government. They participate in the making of the government. Democracy is made for the people.
• Secondly, in representative democracy, people do not directly participate in government decision-making. Instead, they would choose their representatives through voting, and the chosen representatives would then move on to establish a government. The voting is based on the concept of a universal adult franchise, which means every adult above 18 years of age has the right to vote.

Question 8. What are the three levels of government? Explain them.

Answer    8. The government works at local, state and national levels. All three levels have been explained below.

• The local level works in smaller areas such as villages, localities, small towns etc.
• The state government works at the state level within its jurisdiction. The state government formulates all the policies related to the state.
• The national government, also called the central government, is responsible for the smooth running of the country by making policies.

Question 9. Look at the statements in the column on the left. Can you identify which level they belong to? Place tick marks against the level you consider most appropriate.

Answer   9. 

Question 10. Why is India considered a representative democracy?

Answer 10. In a democracy, the people have the power to elect their leaders. In a way, democracy is ruled by the people. Democratic governments are known as representative democracy. Elections are held in a representative democracy, and people choose their representatives through voting. Every citizen has got the right to vote. After the elections, the chosen representatives form the government. India follows this system of electing a government. Hence it is a representative democracy.

Question 11. Which of the following statements are correct? Correct those sentences that you think need

correction.

Answer 11. 

Question 12. Do you think it is important for people to be involved in decisions that affect them? Give two reasons for your answer.

Answer    12. Yes, people must have the right to participate in the decision-making process that affects their lives due to the following reasons:-

• People must be satisfied, comfortable and happy with the rules governing them. They do not benefit them if they do not feel free with the decisions taken.
• If people are powerful enough to question the decisions, they can also move to courts if they feel laws are not being followed and it is negatively affecting their lives. For example, suppose they feel discriminated against due to their caste, religion, gender, etc.; they have all power and rights to move to court against this violation of this principle of equality.

Question 13. In which year did Gandhiji write about voting rights in the Young India journal?

• 1920

• 1928

• 1931

• None of the above

Answer 13. Option (3) 1931

Explanation:-

• Option (3) is correct as Gandhiji wrote, in 1931, that all citizens should have the right to vote. Being poor and uneducated was no crime, and the power to participate in government should also be extended to them.
• Option (1) is incorrect as 1920 was when American women got the right to vote.
• Option (2) is incorrect, as 1928 was when women in the United Kingdom got the same right.

Question 14. How do the laws of the country affect the people and the government?

Answer    14. Laws are made to prevent chaos and conflicts in society, and the government and the people must follow these laws.

The government makes laws for the safety of the people, solves disputes and for the effective running of the country. The power to enforce the laws and decisions also lies in the hands of the government.

The people can also question if any particular law is not in their best interests. They can also observe and act if they feel a law is not being followed. For example, people can move to a court of law if they are denied payment for their work due to gender discrimination. They can move to the court of law for such mistreatment.

Question 15. Define representative democracy.

Answer    15. The system of representative democracy means that people are allowed to vote and choose the representatives who would then form the government. Every person must cast only one vote. It allows a universal adult franchise, without it we cannot call it a democratic government. During pre-independence, not everyone was allowed to vote. So, it’s important that universal adult franchises are followed in letter and spirit.

Question 16. According to which Indian cartoonist, the political leadership must be criticised and ridiculed in support of democracy through cartoons?

1)K.shankar Pillai

2)R.K Laxman

3)Mario Miranda

4)Abu Abraham

Answer   16. Option (2) R.K Laxman

Explanation:-

Option (2) is correct as R.K Laxman, a prominent Indian cartoonist, stated that in a democratic nation, cartoons needed to be used to criticise the leadership of the country and to highlight the drawbacks of the government and enforce the need for improvement for the welfare of the people through art.
Question 17. How does the government manage to run a vast country like India?

Answer    17. The government can manage a vast country like India by dividing the power into three levels of government. The local level of government manages villages, localities, small towns etc. The state government manages the affairs of the state and can make policies for the state’s welfare. The national government formulates policies for the entire country.

Question 18. Think of an example of another law. Why do you think it is important that people abide by this law?

Answer    18. People must abide by the law to prevent any disorder and conflicts in the country. Lawlessness prevents the peaceful environment of the country and should be avoided, and it can only be done when people follow laws that are made for their progress and welfare.

Question 19. “In early times, elections and voting existed, so democracy existed.” Do you think democracy existed in these early times?

Answer    19. No. Democracy did not function properly in these early times. It was because women and many other sections of society, like the poor and uneducated, were not given the right to vote, and they could not participate in the formation of the government. For democracy to exist, everyone should have the right to vote, and the institutions must conduct free and fair elections. .

Question 20. What was  Gandhiji’s wish regarding voting rights?

Answer    20. Gandhi wanted all adults to have equal voting rights, not just wealthy people.   No one should be denied the right to vote, even if they were poor or uneducated. Every person has the right to  vote. It’s an important feature of a democratic government because it’s important to involve people in the decisions that affect them.

Question 21. The courts can intervene when:-

1)Law passed by the government is not followed.

2)Anyone who does not study well.

3)A child tells a lie.

4)None of the above.

Answer   21. Option (1) Law passed by the government is not followed.

Explanation:-

Option (1) is correct because when people feel laws are being violated and the laws made for their welfare are not working, they can move to the court of law to enforce the laws.

Option (2) is incorrect as anyone who does not study well is not a crime. It could be the poor financial condition. .

Option (3) is incorrect as a child telling a lie is not a law-violating crime. The moral responsibility of parents/schools is to ensure the right values.

Question 22. Why should a government be answerable to the citizens of the country?

Answer    22. The basic principle of a democratic system of governance is based on the reliability and accountability of the government. The government of any democratic nation should be answerable to the people. It has the responsibility to explain its actions and defend its decision to the citizens. The government must also listen to the people and accept dissent on its policies.

Question 23. How does a democratic government ensure the optimum benefit of the people?

Answer    23. In a democracy, people hold the power to complain in the courts if they feel they have been prohibited from exercising their rights. People can question any discrimination and seek justice in a court of law that works under the government. In a democracy, there are always people and communities who have to fight for their rights to push it to a greater level of equality on the existing as well as new issues. Therefore, democracy ensures the maximum welfare of the people.

Question 24. What does suffrage mean?

1)Right to vote

2)Right to travel anywhere in the country

3)Right to livelihood

4)None of the above

Answer  24. Option (1) Right to vote

Explanation:-

Option (1) is correct, as suffrage means the right to vote. The suffrage movement demands that women should also have the right to vote. Finally, women got the right to vote in America in 1920 and in the United Kingdom in 1928.

Option (2) is incorrect as the right to travel within the country is not related to the right to vote but the right to freedom.

Option (3) is incorrect as it is a basic human right unrelated to suffrage or the right to vote.

Question 25. What do you understand about the Universal Adult Franchise?

Answer    25. The universal adult franchise states that every adult in a democratic nation should have the right to vote and participate in government-making.

Question 26. Why should there be an organisation in the decision-making process?

Answer    26. An organisation is a social institution where people work together towards a common objective.  It uses decision-making to manage a large section of society. They are aware of the issues and their consequences. They are in a better position to choose how to address these issues.

Question 27. How does the government function efficiently?

Answer    27. The government makes laws for efficient functioning and punishes people or organisations who break the law. The government provides various services such as education, healthcare, water, electricity and so on.

Question 28. Why is it important to protect the boundaries of a country?

Answer    28. It is important to protect the boundaries of a country to provide safety and security to its citizens. 

Question 29. How long does the President of India serve the nation?

1)5 years

2)6 years

3)4 years

4)None of the above

Answer 29. Option (1) 5 years

Explanation:-

Option (1) is correct as the President of India is elected for a term of five years to serve the country.

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