Important Questions Class 7 Social Science Our Pasts 2 Chapter 7
Historians dedicate themselves to throwing light on unrealised worlds and possible alternative futures in the same way we could go to the past to understand better the numerous, complex processes in which our current world came to exist. The seventh chapter of Class 7 Social Science Our Pasts 2 is Tribes, Nomads and Settled Communities. The social norms and ceremonies established by the Brahmanas were not adhered to by many communities, including the tribes of the Indian subcontinent. They were not separated into multiple inferior classes either. They occasionally ran into conflict with the more dominant caste-based society. Chapter 7 Class 7 Social Science Our Pasts 2 Important Questions provides further information about tribes, nomads, and settled communities for students to study. Students can easily access all this and more on the Extramarks website.
Some students find history a complex subject to retain, especially during exams. We at Extramarks understand the importance of solving the important questions for each chapter. The NCERT textbook, other reference books, past exam papers, and other sources have all been used by Extramarks professionals to compile Social Science Our Pasts 2 Class 7 Chapter 7 Important Questions. To help students understand each chapter, our history experts have compiled a list of step-by-step solutions. Students can register with Extramarks and access Class 7 Social Science Our Pasts 2 Chapter 7 Important Questions.
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Important Questions Class 7 Social Science Our Pasts 2 Chapter 7- with Solutions
History experts at Extramarks have produced an entire list of Important Questions Class 7 Social Science Our Pasts 2 Chapter 7 with the help of various sources. Many societies, especially the tribes of the Indian subcontinent, did not follow the social rules and traditions set by the Brahmanas. They weren’t divided up into multiple lower classes either. Sometimes they clashed with the more powerful caste-based society. These questions and solutions help students better comprehend Tribes, Nomads and Settled Communities.
Mentioned below are a few Important Questions Class 7 Social Science Our Pasts 2 Chapter 7 and their solutions:
Question 1. In what way was the history of the Gonds different from that of Ahoms? Were there any similarities?
Answer 1. In the history of both the tribal groups – Gonds and Ahoms – we find that the administration was centralised for both of them. They were split up into jatis, or clans. However, there were several differences between the two groups. The Gonds engaged in shifting agriculture and occupied a huge wooded area known as Gondwana, or “land inhabited by Gonds.” When the Ahom people arrived in the Brahmaputra valley in the thirteenth century from modern-day Myanmar, they suppressed the bhuiyan political order to establish a new kingdom (landlords). They ruled over several other tribes and annexed the kingdoms of the Chhutiyas (1523) and Koch-Hajo (1581) throughout the sixteenth century. During the Delhi Sultans’ decline, a few sizable Gond kingdoms started to rule the lesser Gond chiefs. A historical account of Akbar’s reign called the Akbar Nama refers to the 70,000-village Gond kingdom of Garha Katanga.
Question 2. Write a short note about Rani Durgavati.
Answer 2. Dalpat, a son of Gond Raja Aman Das and a daughter of Salbahan, was married to Durgawati. Dalpat’s early death forced her to handle the administration on behalf of his five-year-old son. She accelerated the growth of her realm. She withstood the Mughals’ onslaught on the Garha Katanga heroically, and instead of giving up, she decided to commit herself. Durgawati exhibited great bravery.
Question 3. What kinds of exchanges took place between nomadic pastoralists and settled agriculturalists?
Answer 3. Nomad pastoralists travelled for long distances with their livestock while surviving on milk and other pastoral goods. They bartered grain, textiles, utensils, and other goods for wool, ghee, and other goods with established farmers.
Question 4. Show the Gonds in more detail.
Answer 4. The Gonds were inhabitants of the Gondwana Forest. They were further separated into many clans and engaged in shifting farming. These clans each had a “rai,” the clan’s ruler. As the Delhi Sultanate began to fall, Gonds had the opportunity to expand their kingdoms. The Akbar Nama also refers to the Gond Kingdom, Garha Katanga. There were over 70,000 settlements in the Garha Katanga.
Question 5. Were the Banjaras important for the economy?
Answer 5. The most significant group of commercial nomads were the Banjaras. The banjaras’ caravan was known as the tanda. Sultan Alauddin Khalji utilised the Banjaras to convey grain to the marketplace in the cities. They transported grain from various locations on their bullocks and sold it in towns. During military operations, they delivered food and grain to the Mughal army. They purchased grain in cheaply accessible locations, transported it to more expensive locations, and afterwards loaded their oxen once more with whatever might be sold successfully in other locations.
Question 6. What was the primary cause of Ahom’s decline?
Answer 6. The Paiks were a major source of support for the Ahom dynasty. The forced labourers compelled to work for the state were known as paiks. The Census method dictated that labourers be selected from various communities. As a result of the Paiks’ movement from densely inhabited to sparsely populated areas, Ahom’s clan numbers decreased. The Ahoms were in a vulnerable position, which allowed the Mughals to assault them.
Question 7. How was the administration of the Ahom state organised?
Answer 7. Despite the valiant defence of Ahoms, the Ahom kingdom was assaulted by the Mughals led by Mir Jumla in 1662. The Ahom state relied on forced labour, and individuals made to work for the government were referred to as “Paiks.” The Ahom clan was divided when each village was required to submit a certain number of paiks on a rotating basis, and residents of densely inhabited regions were relocated to less densely populated areas. The government grew fairly centralised throughout the first part of the seventeenth century, and practically all adult males served in the military during times of conflict. In addition to introducing innovative techniques for rice farming, they were involved in the construction of dams, irrigation systems, and other public works. The Ahom people were organised into khels or clans. Usually, a khel was in charge of numerous villages. The village community gave the peasant land, and even the king could not take it away without the community’s permission.
Question 8. How did the Khiljis and Mughals trade using the Banjaras?
Answer 8. The Banjaras were well renowned for moving grains from one location to another. Banjaras transported grains on bullock carts during the Mughal era to sell them in other areas. Also, during military wars, they moved supplies for the troops.
Question 9. How did tribal societies change after being organised into a state?
Answer 9. The Rajput clans’ rise to power had established a precedent for the indigenous people to follow. Many tribes joined the caste system thanks to the backing of the Brahmanas. However, admission to the governing elite was restricted to the most prominent tribal families. The vast majority joined the lower caste jatis. Some tribes, like the Ahoms, used to worship their tribal deities. But the influence of Brahmanas grew in the first part of the seventeenth century. Even though the Ahom rulers adopted Hinduism during the reign of Sib Singh (1714–1744), they did not renounce their native beliefs. Tribal people and the community established in Varna interacted often. Both types of cultures had to adapt to and evolve due to this interaction, and several tribes adopted a variety of livelihoods. Many of them eventually assimilated into a caste-based society throughout time. Some people disapproved of both the caste system and traditional Hinduism. Some tribes developed large states with efficient administrative structures and rose to political power. This led to them clashing with bigger and more advanced kingdoms and empires.
Question 10. What unique qualities did tribal societies have?
Answer 10. Tribal societies had the following unique attributes:
- Tribes were not segregated by class.
- They refused to abide by the Brahmins’ regulations.
- Family ties brought them together.
- Tribal societies were admired for their culture and gods.
Question 11. What changes took place in varna-based society?
Answer 11. During this time, the varna-based society underwent significant changes. Tribal people and the community established in the varna-system interacted often. Both types of cultures had to adapt to and evolve due to this interaction, and several tribes adopted a variety of livelihoods. Many of them eventually assimilated into caste-based society throughout time. Some people disapproved of both the caste system and traditional Hinduism. Some tribes developed large states with efficient administrative structures and rose to political power. This led to them clashing with bigger and more advanced kingdoms and empires.
Question 12. Briefly describe the various tribes and the areas in which they reside.
Answer 12. The Khokhar tribe significantly impacted Punjab throughout the 13th and 14th centuries. Numerous areas in Multan and Sind were ruled by the Langahs and Arghuns tribes. Another substantial and powerful tribe in the northwest was the Balochis. They were split up into several smaller clans led by various leaders. The Gaddis shepherd tribe resided in the western Himalayas.
The Nagas, Ahoms, and many other tribes controlled the subcontinent’s north-eastern region. Chero chiefdoms had developed in numerous regions of the modern states of Bihar and Jharkhand by the 12th century.
Along with Orissa and Bengal, this area was home to the Mundas and Santal tribes. Kolis, Beads, and other people were from Karnataka and the highlands of Maharashtra. Kolis also resided in a variety of Gujarati locales. There were sizable tribal communities of Koragas, Vetars, Maravars, and other peoples in the south.
The numerous Bhil tribes were dispersed over central and western India. Many had established themselves as farmers, and some had even become zamindars. The modern states of Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Andhra Pradesh were home to large populations of the Gonds.
In the section given above of Important Questions Class 7 Social Science Our Pasts 2 Chapter 7, all the important topics of the chapter are covered.
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