Important Questions Class 7 Social Science Social and Political Life Chapter 2

Important Questions Class 7 Social Science and Political Life Chapter 2

Political Science,  one of the social sciences , employs methods and techniques appropriate for the types of inquiries being made. These methods and techniques include using primary sources, such as official records and historical documents, and secondary sources, such as academic journal articles, survey research, etc. Some of these techniques such as experiential learning of concepts have been used to clarify the topic. Although the Constitution of India guarantees the right to health as the fundamental right,  its provisioning is not equal. The second chapter of Class 7 Social Science and Political Life is the Role of the Government in Health. In Class 7 Social Science Role of the Government, Chapter 2, the topic of health and its influencing variables is covered  in the beginning. It then explores the components of India’s healthcare system and the role of the government in providing healthcare to all. Public and private healthcare facilities are two different sorts of healthcare sectors that students in Class 7 will study. Chapter 2 Class 7 Social Science and Political Life Important Questions explores what distinguishes public from private healthcare and how  they differ besides educating the desired role of the government and how to bring about necessary changes have been discussed. Students can easily access all this and more on the Extramarks website.

The Social Science subject experts  at Extramarks have used the NCERT textbook, other reference books, old exam papers, and other sources to create Social Science and Political Life Class 7 Chapter 2 Important Questions. Our Social Science experts have created a list of step-by-step solutions to help students comprehend each chapter. Students may  register with Extramarks and access Class 7 Social Science and Political Life Chapter 2 Important Questions.

Along with Important Questions Class 7 Social Science and Political Life Chapter 2, students can easily access materials like NCERT Solutions, CBSE revision notes, past year question papers, NCERT books, and more on the Extramarks website.

Important Questions Class 7 Social Science and Political Life Chapter 2- with Solutions

The in-house Social Science faculty  at Extramarks have designed an entire list of Important Questions Class 7 Social Science and Political Life Chapter 2 using primary and secondary sources. The topic of health and its factors is examined at the start of Class 7 Social Science Role of the Government, Chapter 2. The parts of India’s healthcare system are then explored. Students in Class 7 will learn about the public and private healthcare sectors and the differences between both public and private healthcare systems will also be examined.Also, whether adequate healthcare services are available to all and what can be done. It also provides case studies of the Kerala and the Costa Rican approach. These questions and solutions help students better understand the Role of the Government in Health.

Mentioned below are a few Important Questions Class 7 Social Science and Political Life Chapter 2 with  solutions:

Question 1. ‘Improvement in water and sanitation can control many diseases.’ Explain with the help of examples.

Answer 1. Numerous infectious diseases , such as cholera, typhoid, and jaundice, are rising due to poor quality of water.. Additionally, water sources of such poor quality frequently serve as a breeding ground for insects and parasites. Particularly, standing water can encourage breeding mosquitoes, the carriers of diseases including malaria, dengue, and chikungunya. Improving the local population’s health will depend on getting rid of these  breeding grounds..

Take the most recent dengue epidemic in the city as an example. Dengue and malaria incidences in the city are rising due to local officials’ negligence in maintaining the canals and lakes. Stagnant water is necessary for mosquito larvae to thrive. These canals and lakes have become the perfect mosquito breeding grounds due to pollution and poor waste management techniques. The epidemic wasn’t contained until the canals were drained and the lakes were cleaned with sewage treatment facilities and solvents.

Question 2. Describe the Costa Rican philosophy on health.

Answer 2. Costa Rican Health Approach

• One of the healthiest nations in South America is Costa Rica.
• The Costa Rican Constitution serves as the primary justification for this.
• The Costa Rican government  made a crucial decision  by choosing not to have  an army.
• The  government diverted that fund and was able to use the extra funds for the people’s fundamental necessities, such as health care and education.
• According to the Costa Rican government, a nation must be in good health to grow.
• It pays close attention to the well-being of its citizens.

The Costa Rican government offers its citizens the  basic amenities and services.

• It offers accommodation, food, sanitation, and access to clean water.
• Education on health is also valued highly.
• Health education is a very important component of education at all levels.

Question 3. In this chapter, you have read that health is a wider concept than illness. Observe this quote from the Constitution and explain the terms’ living standard’ and ‘public health in your own words. An important aspect of the Constitution says it is the state’s ” duty to raise the level of nutrition and the standard of living and to improve public health”.

Answer 3. A person’s quality of living is determined by their wealth, comfort, access to material possessions, and in this case, their degree of health. Excellent living circumstances are a good measure of a person’s or a country’s overall standard  of living.  On the contrary, the quality of living declines as cleanliness standards deteriorate. e. A poor quality l of life could include eating unhygienic  food and residing in  unclean and dirty apartments devoid of basic amenities. 

The science of safeguarding and enhancing the general well-being of the population through illness and preventive injury research, policy development, and education is known as public health. Indicators like mortality rate, birth rate, nutrition index, etc., assess how well or poorly a population’s public health is performing.

Question 4. Describe the various flaws in health services.

Answer 4. The term “health services” refers to facilities like treatments, procedures, diagnoses, and other services that assist residents in preserving and improving  their health.

Private and governmental healthcare services are available. Both have advantages and disadvantages. The distinctions between private health care managed by the general public and public health services managed by the government are the subject of countless discussions, debates, lectures, and viewpoints.

The following are some of the health services’ many flaws:

• It is undeniably true that private health care offers superior health services. Public health services are sometimes not as per the private health standards and frequently encounter issues like a doctor shortage.
• Additionally, delays in public health care are common. Insufficient facilities result in patients being refused basic care, which is never the case with private healthcare.
• Most public health care facilities are also unclean, increasing the  risk of transmission of diseases. .
• Private health care is exceedingly expensive and out of reach for the underprivileged. Everything there is incredibly expensive, including the tests  and medications. Public health care is not to blame in this situation because everyone can access  it, and is relatively affordable or even free.

Question 5. What are the different ways through which the government can take steps to provide healthcare for all? Discuss.

Answer 5. The government can take the following actions to provide its population with basic healthcare:

• State governments may strengthen local panchayats by providing adequate finance at their level, just like the Keralan government , turning them into self-sufficient healthcare organisations.
• Another good example is “Mohalla Clinics” which is an initiative of Delhi government. These clinics are spread across the Delhi area and provide primary health care services to residents of Delhi. These clinics help reduce the financial burden on low-income households by saving travel costs and lost wages. 
• Governments can focus on educating the local population about healthcare issues, such as good behaviours and the advantages of a healthy lifestyle.
•  By offering nourishment, sanitisation,  safe drinking water, and sanitation.
• The monthly organisation of free health examinations will also play a significant role..

Question 6. Describe Kerala’s experience with healthcare services.

Answer 6. The Kerala  experience:

• In 1996,  the Keralan administration made several significant reforms  in the state. .
• Panchayats received 40% of the overall state budget. They make plans and arrangements to meet their needs. This enables a village to provide  appropriate food, water, women’s empowerment, and education plans.
• Consequently, water supply plans were examined, school and Anganwadi operations were confirmed, and particular community issues were addressed.
• Additionally, hospitals were upgraded.
• All of this made the situation better.
• Despite these efforts, issues such as a lack of doctors, inadequate hospital beds, and a scarcity of drugs are yet to  be resolved.

Question 7. What steps may be taken to eliminate inequalities in healthcare services?

Answer 7. The following steps can be taken to eliminate inequalities:

• The poor health of the populace in our nation is a result of unequal access to medical care.
• All its residents, especially the underprivileged and the needy, must have access to good -quality healthcare services, which is the responsibility of the government. .
• Basic facilities and societal situations have an impact on health. Therefore, it is essential to enhance our population’s health which  is feasible.
• Increase in private healthcare in urban areas and the increasing cost of these services whereas, the public healthcare hasn’t improved much.
• The poor people do not have access to basic necessities like water, housing etc.
• Lack of money also prevents them from getting proper treatment and most of them have to borrow money for treatment.

Question 8. How can illness in a low-income household bring so much worry and distress?

Answer 8. The following are the reasons how illness in low-income families can cause so much distress:

• Every disease in the family is a source of significant worry and suffering for the impoverished.
• Low-income families frequently experience such cases. . In general, the undernourished are often poor people with no money or additional resources..
• These families don’t consume as much food as they ought to. Essentials including clean surroundings, proper shelter, and access to water are not provided.. So they have a much higher chance of becoming sick.
• Their health worsens as a result of the medical bills.
• Sometimes accessing quality medical care may not always depend on having enough money.
• Women are not  taken to the doctor quickly as it is not considered very important.
• They are  less concerned about their health than the family’s male members.
• Few and poorly operated health centres may be found in many tribal regions. The tribal people lack access to even private health care.

Question 9. Describe the statement: ‘Medical expenses cause hardship for all.’

Answer 9. Public healthcare is less common than private healthcare.

• Private healthcare is commercially driven. They recommend expensive tests, medications, etc.
• Instead of using less expensive options like pills, doctors often administer  injections and saline bottles.
• Even those who may not be in need of assistance cannot afford the procedure. Medical expenses can be beyond the reach of the average person.Only 20% can afford all the medicines. 
• Of all patients hospitalised, almost 40% must borrow money to cover medical costs.

Question 10. Can everyone access quality healthcare? Explain.

Answer 10. Not everyone has access to adequate healthcare.

• Public services are not growing, while private facilities are.
• Private services are expensive and largely concentrated in cities.
• The  public services must be used by the poor. In case  someone in the family becomes ill , they have to  borrow money to pay for the expenses..
• Sometimes unethical practices are followed  to increase the medical bill , such as ordering several tests  or medications.
• Only approximately 20% of people can afford all the necessary medications, and more than 40%  people have to borrow money.
• Health issues are disregarded when they pertain to women and indigenous regions.

Question 11. What ruling did the court make in the Hakim Sheikh case?

Answer 11. The following ruling was made by the court in the case of Hakim Sheik:

• According to the Indian Constitution, the people’s welfare is the government’s primary responsibility.
• Additionally, it emphasises the need for universal healthcare facilities.
• The right to life of each and every person must be protected by the government.
• The court declared that Hakim Sheikh’s struggle could have cost him his lifeIf a hospital is unable to treat a patient promptly.
• The court further said that the government must provide essential health services and treatment in an emergency.
• Hospitals and medical professionals must fulfil their obligation to provide the necessary care.
• Treatment for Hakim Sheikh was refused at eight different  government hospitals.
• The Court requested that the State Government to reimburse his medical expenses.

Question 12. What justifies the term “public” for health care services?

Answer 12. For numerous reasons, health care is referred to as  “public.”

• They adhere to their promise to offer healthcare to all residents.
• These medical facilities were built by the government.
• The money that the general public contributes to the government through taxes is used to fund these services.
• Everyone is welcome to use these services.
• The availability of high-quality healthcare services at no cost or cheap is one of the most crucial components of the public health system.
• Even the underprivileged can go there for therapy.
• Another important duty of public health is to prevent the spread of illnesses like TB, malaria, jaundice, cholera, diarrhoea, chikungunya, etc.

Question 13. Describe the key components of public health services.

Answer 13. Primary characteristics of public health services:

• The government-run Public Health Service is a network of clinics and hospitals.
• They cover both rural and urban regions..

They offer care for various issues, from common ailments to specialised treatments.

• There are health centres at the village level.
• A nurse and a local health worker are often present.
• They have received training in treating common ailments.
• They are employed by Primary Healthcare and are supervised by physicians (PHC).
• This centre serves several remote settlements.
• The District Hospital is located at the district level.
• It oversees every healthcare facility.
• Both general government hospitals like the one to which Aman was sent and specialised government hospitals like those described in Hakim Sheikh’s account are common in large cities.
• Another good example is “Mohalla Clinics” which is an initiative of Delhi government. These clinics are set up to provide local healthcare primary care services. The clinics help reduce the financial burden on low-income households of Delhi by saving travel costs and lost wages. 

Question 14. Describe health. Describe the elements that influence health.

Answer 14. Health:

• Health refers to our capacity to avoid sickness and injury.
• The disease is merely one aspect of health. It also has connections to other elements.
• We do need to consider other elements that impact our health besides sickness.
• Other things also have an impact on our health.
• People are more likely to be healthy if they have clean drinking water or live in a clean environment.
• On the other hand, individuals will be infected with diseases if they do not have enough to eat or live in unclean surroundings.
• We all like being healthy  and happy all the time.
• Long periods of boredom, inactivity, anxiety or fear are not healthy. We all require adequate  rest from time to time.

Question 15. What changes have been made to the healthcare systems in India?

Answer 15. Numerous advancements include:

•  India has the largest number of medical schools worldwide.
• Every year  nearly 15,000 new doctors qualify from the medical colleges.
•  From approx. 11,174 hospitals in 1991 to approx. to 18,218 hospitals by the year 2000.
• The expansion of medical travel because of affordable therapies.
• India is the  fourth-largest manufacturer of pharmaceuticals and also exports medicine.

Question 16. What did Ranjan think of the way he was treated?

Answer 16. Ranjan was brought to a significant private hospital. It had the nicest amenities. He had to meet the doctor, and his father had to pay  Rs500. He also recommended a few tests. Results were provided promptly, and the  nurse was polite.

Doctors reviewed the findings, which were all satisfactory. He recommended lots of medications, and  rest for  viral fever. Rajan was treated with utmost care and attention, in fact his medicine was also quite tasty, it was expensive though.  .

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