Important Questions Class 8 Social Science Social And Political Life Chapter 5

Important Questions Class 8 Social Science and Political Life Chapter 5

Political science, one of the parts of the Social Science subject, uses approaches and strategies suitable to the types of inquiries being made, including primary sources like official records and historical documents, secondary sources like scholarly journal articles, survey research, statistical analysis, case studies, experimental research, and model building. The fifth chapter of Class 8 Social Science and Political Life is Judiciary. In India, some laws are universally applicable to all its citizens, and when a law is broken, a specific set of predefined procedures must be followed. A judicial system made up of the court system exists to uphold the rule of law. If a law is broken, a person might go before a court. Being a part of the government, the Judiciary is important to the democracy in India. The Judiciary’s responsibilities include settlement of disputes, judicial review, upholding the law, and safeguarding fundamental rights are all of which is covered in Chapter 5, Class 8 Social Science and political life important questions. Students can easily access all this and more on the Extramarks’ website.

Political science is a social discipline that examines how power is distributed and transferred during decision-making. The Social Science experts of Extramarks have produced Social Science and Political Life Class 8 Chapter 5 Important Questions using NCERT Textbook, other reference books, past exam papers, and other sources. Our Social Science experts have created a list of step-by-step solutions to help students comprehend each chapter. Students can register with Extramarks and access Class 8 Social Science and Political Life Chapter 5 Important Questions. 

Apart from Important Questions Class 8 Social Science and Political Life Chapter 5, students can easily access materials like NCERT Solutions, CBSE revision notes, past years’ question papers, NCERT books, and more on the Extramarks’ website.

Important Questions Class 8 Social Science and Political Life Chapter 5- with Solutions

Social Science experts at Extramarks have curated an entire list of Important Questions Class 8 Social Science and Political Life Chapter 5 using primary and secondary sources. These questions and solutions help students understand Judiciary system in a better manner.

Mentioned below are a few Important Questions Class 8 Social Science and Political Life Chapter 5 and their solutions:

Question 1. Re-read the list of Fundamental Rights provided in Chapter 1. How do you think the Right to Constitutional Remedies connects to the idea of judicial review?

Answer 1. In its capacity to defend a person’s rights from the actions of the State legislature or administration, the Right to Constitutional Remedies is related to the concept of judicial review. It enables citizens to file a court case if they believe the government violates one or more of their fundamental rights. Judicial review means that the action is invalid if it is determined that a legislative or executive action has violated basic rights. As a result, because judicial review is used whenever the State violates a basic right, it is tied to the right to constitutional remedies. In this situation, a higher court may overturn a lower court’s decisions based on its inquiry.

Question 2. Why do you believe that the Judiciary must be independent?

Answer 2. Rich people and influential politicians can influence judicial decisions. Since it prevents the administrative and legislative branches from interfering or abusing their authority, having an independent judiciary is crucial, enabling the courts to play a significant role in “upholding the law and enforcing fundamental rights.” Therefore, if someone feels their rights have been infringed, they have the right to file a complaint with the courts. This makes it impossible for those in positions of authority to sway or manipulate any decision.

Question 3. Why do you think the introduction of Public Interest Litigation (PIL) in the 1980s is a significant step in ensuring access to justice for all?

Answer 3. To improve access to justice, the Supreme Court developed the Public Interest Litigation, or PIL, a process in the early 1980s. Any person or group was able to submit a PIL to the High Court or the Supreme Court on behalf of people whose rights were being infringed upon. Even a letter or telegram written to the Supreme Court or the High Court might be considered a PIL, considerably simplifying the legal procedure. Early on, PIL was utilised to get justice on a wide range of issues, including freeing bonded labourers from cruel working circumstances and gaining the release of Bihar prisoners who had been imprisoned long after serving their sentence. Therefore, creating Public Interest Litigation is a significant step toward ensuring everyone has access to justice.

Question 4. In the Sudha Goel case, describe how various Indian courts operate.

Answer 4. Lower court: The Lower Court rendered a verdict that condemned Sudha’s husband, mother, and brother-in-law to death in the case. Sudha’s husband, mother, and brother-in-law were all declared innocent by the High Court and were freed. 

Supreme Court: The Supreme Court found Sudha’s mother and husband responsible for the incident and sentenced them to jail. The brother-in-law was freed and pronounced innocent by the court as well.

Question 5. You read that one of the main functions of the Judiciary is “upholding the law and enforcing fundamental rights”. Why do you think an independent judiciary is necessary to carry out this important function?

Answer 5. To fulfil the duty of “upholding the law and Enforcing Fundamental Rights,” an independent court is required. It aims to preserve the judicial system from outside interference and offer complete legal protection to everyone who appears in court, regardless of their motive.

If one feels their rights have been infringed, they are free to file a lawsuit. The Judiciary can declare a statute unconstitutional if it infringes on someone’s fundamental rights.

Question 6. Explain the legal dispute between Olga Tellis and the Bombay Municipal Corporation.

Answer 6. The Olga Tellis v. Bombay Municipal Corporation case was significant because it highlighted the issues faced by the thousands of Bombay residents who live on the streets and in slums. They comprised around 50% of Bombay’s population. Before being forced to live on the streets or in slums, these men and women went to court to find another place to reside. They referenced Article 21 of the Constitution, which says that only legal processes may be followed when robbing someone of their life.

Question 7. Re-read the excerpts from the judgement on the Olga Tellis vs Bombay Municipal Corporation case. Now write in your own words what the judges meant when they said that the Right to Livelihood was part of the Right to Life.

Answer 7. The justices ruled that the Right to Livelihood was a component of the Right to Life in the Olga Tellis v. Bombay Municipal Corporation case. They said that life is more than just an animal existence and that survival is impossible without some form of support. As mentioned earlier, they were homeless, needy, and slum dwellers with menial employment. For them, losing their slum means losing their source of income, which makes leadingtheir way of life impossible. In this way, courts equated the right to life with the necessities of existence, such as food, clothing, and shelter.

Question 8. Create a narrative around the concept that “justice delayed is justice denied.”

Answer 8. Banker Mr Satyaprakash led a short and content life. He was the spouse of a woman without a job and the father of two small children. On his way home from work one day, Mr Satyaprakash was seriously hurt in an accident and was left unable to walk. His wife brought a claim for damages against the person who knocked him down in court. However, because it took the court more than eight years to rule that the guilty person must pay compensation of Rs. Ten lakhs, Mr Satyaprakash’s children could not complete their education, leaving them ignorant. Because of this, it is truly said that “justice delayed is justice denied.”

Question 9. What obligations does the government have to its citizens regarding food safety?

Answer 9. The following are the duties of the government: –

• The government believes that everyone should have access to food.
• The government should take action to ensure that nobody goes to bed hungry.
• The government must ensure that the elderly, crippled, widows and those most at risk from starvation receive particular care.
• According to the authorities, no one should pass away from starvation or malnutrition.

Question 10. What made Olga Tellis protest?

Answer 10. Olga Tellis questioned if they had the right to survive. They had no alternative but to sleep in a slum close to their place of employment due to their extreme poverty. As a result, they were denied both a Right to Life and a Right to a Living for which they seeked redressal.

Question 11. What do you think of the constitutional remedies outlined in the Indian Constitution?

Answer 11. Every person has the right to constitutional remedies under the Constitution, which entitles them to legal action against anybody who violates or restricts their fundamental rights. Because the court’s independence is essential for defending the rights of citizens, it is also tied to the idea of judicial review.

Question 12. Why is it necessary for the Judiciary to be independent?

Answer 12. Due to their role in preventing interference or the misuse of power by the executive and legislative departments, courts are essential to “upholding the law and enforcing basic rights.” Therefore, it is crucial to have an independent judiciary.

Question 13. Subordinate Courts: What Are They?

Answer 13. The bulk of persons file cases with subordinate courts. Because they are situated in the districts of the states, district courts, also known as tehsil level courts, are occasionally referred to as subordinate courts.

Question 14. Which court serves as India’s apex court?

Answer 14. The apex court, or highest court, in India, is the Supreme Court. The judges of the court are under the Chief Justice of India. The Chief Justice of India oversees the activities of the supreme court. The current Chief Justice of India is Justice Sarad Arvind Bobde.

Question 15. What kinds of cases are handled by the Indian courts. Briefly describe the work of the Judiciary.

Answer 15. In India, courts make decisions on a vast number of subjects. They can determine whether a teacher can physically abuse a student, whether states should share river water, and whether to penalise individuals for specific offences. The following categories can be used to categorise the Judiciary’s work:

• Resolution of Disputes: The court system offers a means of settling conflicts between individuals, between individuals and the government, between two state governments, and between the centre and state governments.
• Judicial Review: The court, which serves as the Constitution’s ultimate interpretation, has the authority to invalidate specific legislation approved by the Parliament if it thinks that doing so would violate the Constitution’s fundamental principles. This is known as  Judicial Review 
• Upholding the law and Enforcing Fundamental Rights: Every Indian citizen has the right to file a complaint with the Supreme Court or a High Court if they feel their fundamental rights have been violated.

Question 16. What occurred in the 1996 court case Paschim Banga Khet Mazdoor Samity v. State of West Bengal?

Answer 16. An agricultural worker named Hakim Sheikh wounded himself after falling off a moving train, and his health worsened due to hospitals turning him away.

The Supreme court ordered the West Bengal government to compensate him for his losses and to develop a primary healthcare plan that specifically addressed treating patients in an emergency.

Question 17. Describe the main differences between criminal law and civil law.

Answer 17. The primary difference is:

• Criminal law: Deals with behaviour or actions considered offences by the law—for instance, stealing, harrassing a lady to get more dowry, and murder.
• Civil law: Addresses any violation of an individual’s rights. For instance, disagreements over the acquisition or sale of real estate, the payment of rent, or divorce lawsuits.

The above section of Important Questions Class 8 Social Science and Political Life Chapter 5 covers all the chapter’s important concepts.

Benefits of Solving Important Questions Class 8 Social Science and Political Life Chapter 5

At Extramarks, we understand how essential it is to answer important questions. As a result, we have developed Important Questions Class 8 Social Science and Political Life Chapter 5. Students are often reminded of the need to go over important questions for a subject like Political Science that requires a lot of reading. Students gather confidence by answering the important questions and going over their solutions. 

Mentioning below are some benefits of solving Important Questions Class 8 Social Science and Political Life Chapter 5:

• Political Science comprises vast and deatiled chapters. Hence, these important questions by Extramarks are inclusive of all the intricacies of the chapters..
• Important Questions Class 8 Social Science and Political Life Chapter 5 overs the concepts of the entire chapter- Judiciary.
• Students can entirely rely upon these important questions as these are made following all the guidelines laid by CBSE.

Extramarks provides comprehensive learning solutions for students from Class 1 to Class 12. Our website has abundant resources, along with important questions and solutions. Students may click on the links given below to access some of these resources: