NCERT Solutions Class 10 Social Science Understanding Economic Development Chapter 2

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Economics Chapter 2

In Class 10 Economics Chapter 2- Sectors in the Indian Economy, students will learn about the three main economic Classifications: primary/secondary/tertiary, organised/unorganised, and public/private. The explanations by Extramarks experts help students understand the core concepts and also relate to their surroundings and develop a clear idea of these concepts. 

Extramarks presents CBSE Class 10 Economics Chapter 2 Solutions helps the students answer all questions precisely and effectively. These CBSE Economics Class 10 NCERT Solutions are prepared by Economics experts having years of experience. 

 In addition to Class 10 Economics Chapter 2, students can use to their advantage various study materials available at Extramarks’ website for all Classes. Material such as NCERT books, CBSE revision notes, CBSE sample papers, CBSE past years’ question papers, and many more are readily available at the Extramarks’ website.

Key Topics Covered In NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Economics Chapter 2

The following key topics are covered in NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Economics Chapter 2– Sectors in the Indian Economy:

Different Sectors of The Indian Economy
Differentiating between the three Sectors
Historical changes in the Sectors 
Where are People mostly Employed at?
How to create more Employment?
Different Sectors: In terms of Organised and Unorganised
Different Sectors: In terms of Public and Private
Responsibilities of Government

Let us take a look at Extramarks in-depth information on each subtopic in NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Economics Chapter 2– Sectors in the Indian Economy.

 Different Sectors of The Indian Economy

A sector is a broad economic segment in which enterprises sell the same or similar products or services. Extramarks NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Economics Chapter 2 explains the three sectors as follows:

  • Primary Sector: In  the primary sector we extract and collect natural resources to create a product. A few examples are farming, forestry, hunting, fishing, and mining.
  • Secondary Sector: Secondary sector consists of activities that transform natural products into new forms via various industrial processes. Just as secondary school is essential after the primary, similarly some manufacturing procedures are necessary after the primary. For example, sugar or gur is made using sugarcane as the basic product.
  • Tertiary Sector: The tertiary sector includes activities that support the growth of the primary and secondary sectors. They help or assist in the production process. A few examples are teachers, physicians, washerwomen, barbers, cobblers, attorneys, call centres, and software companies.

 Differentiating between the three Sectors

During the day to day performance of various Economic activities, all three sectors, primary, secondary, and tertiary, are interdependent and interrelated. It is nearly impossible to keep track of all the actions that go into generating the final goods or services.

Gross Domestic Product

The total production for a given year is determined by the value of final products and services produced in that year. The Gross Domestic Product  or the GDP of a country is thus calculated by adding the output of the three sectors. GDP measures the total worth of all final products and services produced in a nation during a given year. It shows the size of the economy. A national government ministry in India is in charge of calculating GDP.

Mentioned above is the concept of Gross Domestic Product as explained in Extramarks NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Economics Chapter 2. These solutions are prepared in a comprehensive manner for the students.

Historical changes in the Sectors 

Mentioned below are some historical changes that occurred and are highlighted in our Extramarks NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Economics Chapter 2:

  • During a country’s early stages of development, the primary sector was the most important source of economic activity.
  • As a result of technological advancements in procedures of farming, the agriculture industry began to produce more food than before.
  • People started to work in factories. Some people got involved with the transportation business as well.
  • The secondary sector progressively became the most significant in terms of the economy and jobs.
  • Different industries such as food processing, equipment manufacturing, and textile manufacturing businesses are all covered.
  • As a result, services including banking, health care, and education were established.
  • The service industry has surpassed manufacturing as the most important sector in terms of overall output, and it employs a very large number of  people.

 Where are People Mostly Employed?

In 2013-14, the tertiary sector surpassed the primary sector as India’s largest producing sector. Extramarks NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Economics Chapter 2 elucidates further why India’s tertiary sector has grown in importance:

  • Everyone relies on hospitals, educational institutions, post and telegraph services, police stations, courts, village administration offices, municipal corporations, defense, transportation, banks, insurance companies, and other services.
  • The rise of agriculture and industry leads to expanding services, including transportation, trade, and storage.
  • People demand greater luxury as their salaries grow, such as dining out, tourism, shopping, private hospitals, private schools, professional training, etc.
  • Various new information and communication technology-based services have grown increasingly crucial and indispensable in the last decade.

 Disguised Unemployment

The only element of the economy that does not influence overall production is unemployment. This occurs when productivity is low and too many individuals for very few jobs. For more on this, please refer to Extramarks NCERT solutions Class 10 economics Chapter 2 which explains all these core concepts in an easy-to-understand and recollect form.

 How to create more Employment?

Employment can be generated by identifying, promoting, and locating industries and services in semi-rural regions. Every state or region has the ability to boost its people’s income and employment opportunities. Regional craft industries, tourism, and emerging services like IT can all be of great help. According to a study conducted by the Planning Commission (known as NITI Aayog), the education sector alone can generate nearly 20 lakh jobs.

 MGNREGA

The Central Government has recently come up with a new law that implements the right to work in at least 625 districts of our nation. It is known as Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (2005). Mentioned bellowed are its features as stated by Extramarks NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Economics Chapter 2:

  • It is primarily used by rural residents who are capable and eager to work. The MGNREGA provides at least 100 days of labour to rural households that volunteer to do unskilled labor each year.
  • Any Indian citizen who is over the age of 18 and lives in a rural region is eligible for the MGNREGA scheme.
  • Another purpose of the MGNREGA act is to provide long-term assets to rural communities, including roads, wells, and ponds.
  • People shall be forced to rely on unemployment benefits if the government fails to create work.
  • In gram panchayats, it is performed without the involvement of contractors or agents.

 Different Sectors: In terms of Organised and Unorganised

Organized Sector:

  • Organized sectors offer their employees stable and secure employment and work for a certain period of time depending on their motivation and skills.
  • These businesses follow the government’s rules and regulations.
  • Employees in the organized industry have guaranteed jobs.

 Unorganized Sector:

  • The government appears to have little control over the unorganized sector.
  • Unorganized sector workers do not have the same level of job security as organized sector workers.
  • Working overtime is not paid in any manner.

 Some brief differences between the organized and the unorganized sector have been discussed above. To gain a more profound knowledge of each of them, students can register on Extramarks’ website and access NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Economics Chapter 2.

 How to Protect Workers in Unorganised Sectors?

Workers in the unorganized sector require protection and support. Listed below are a few pointers by Extramarks NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Economics Chapter 2 to get started:

  • The government has the power to determine minimum wages and working hours.
  • The government offers low-interest loans to self-employed people.
  • Third, the government may provide these employees with necessities like education, health care, and food at a minimal cost.
  • Fourth, the government can create a new law that, among other things, provides for overtime, paid leave, and sick leave.

 Different Sectors: In terms of Public and Private

Public Sector:

  • The government controls most assets and provides all services in the public sector.
  • The public sector examples include railways and post offices.
  • The public sector does not function to make money. Instead, its main objective is to benefit the general people.

 Private Sector:

  • Both asset ownership and well-service delivery are in the hands of private individuals or companies in the private sector.
  • Privately owned enterprises include Tata Iron and Steel Company Limited (TISCO) and Reliance Industries Limited (RIL).
  • The private sector’s activities are directed by the desire to make money.

 Sometimes students might face some difficulty just by reading the bullet points. Hence, we recommend students go through Extramarks NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Economics Chapter 2 to comprehend all concepts better.

 Responsibilities of Government

A significant number of activities are under the government’s primary responsibility. Extramarks NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Economics Chapter 2 have highlighted a handful of them below:

  • To cover the costs of its services, the government raises money through taxes and other means.
  • Governments spend money on building roads, bridges, trains, and harbours, producing energy, and supplying irrigation through dams. It must also guarantee that these amenities are accessible to everybody.
  • The government must support some activities for the private sector to continue producing or doing business.
  • In India, the government buys wheat and rice from farmers at a “fair price” and sells them to consumers at a lesser price through ration stores. So it benefits both farmers and consumers in this way.
  • The government’s responsibilities include maintaining good schools, delivering excellent education, and providing health and education services to all citizens.
  • The government must also pay attention to human development issues, such as the availability of safe drinking water, low-cost housing, and food and nutrition, as well as the country’s poorest and most neglected regions.

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Economics Chapter 2, Sectors in The Indian Economy, NCERT Solutions

Extramarks NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Economics Chapter 2, and other chapter solutions consist of detailed answers of essential topics covered in Class 10 Economics. Students are advised to revise the chapter a few times to understand it thoroughly and for a higher recall.

 Click on the below links to view NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Economics Chapter 2: 

Class 10 Economics Chapter 2: Very Short Answer Type Questions

Class 10 Economics Chapter 2: Short Answer Type Questions

Class 10 Economics Chapter 2: Long Answer Type Questions

Students may access NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Economics Chapter 2 and other Chapters by clicking here. In addition, students can also explore NCERT Solutions for other Classes below.

NCERT Class 10 Social Science Books Available for:
NCERT Solutions Class 10 Social Science – Understanding Economic Development
NCERT Solutions Class 10 Social Science – India and the Contemporary World
NCERT Solutions Class 10 Social Science – Democratic Politics
NCERT Solutions Class 10 Social Science – Contemporary India

 By getting access to Extramarks NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Economics Chapter 2, students can easily understand the answers to textbook questions given in The Sectors in the Indian Economy.

Key Features of NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Economics Chapter 2

To excel in Class tenth board examinations, students must precisely go through all the topics. Going through NCERT Solutions is one of the easiest ways to grasp all the concepts. Hence, Extramarks has created the NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Economics Chapter 2 to help students learn better. These solutions allow students to pass with flying colors. Here are some reasons why you should choose Extramarks:

  • After going through these solutions, students experience higher confidence levels after being able to answer textbook questions precisely
  • Based on the NCERT guidelines, our experienced teachers and Extramarks experts have put together the most crucial information on this topic. 
  • These solutions have been prepared such that it becomes easier for students to grasp the ideas.

Q.1 Fill in the blanks using the correct option given in the bracket:

  1. Employment in the service sector_______ increased to the same extent as production. (has / has not)
  2. Workers in the ________ sector do not produce goods. (tertiary/agricultural)
  3. Most of the workers in the ________ sector enjoy job security. (organised / unorganised)
  4. A ___________ proportion of labourers in India are working in the unorganised sector. (large / small)
  5. Cotton is a ________ product and cloth is a _______ product. (natural / manufactured)
  6. The activities in primary, secondary and tertiary sectors are __________. (independent / interdependent)

Ans-

  1. Employment in the service sector has not increased to the same extent as production. (has / has not)
  2. Workers in the tertiary sector do not produce goods. (tertiary/agricultural)
  3. Most of the workers in the organised sector enjoy job security. (organised / unorganised)
  4. A large proportion of labourers in India are working in the unorganised sector. (large / small)
  5. Cotton is a natural product and cloth is a manufactured product. (natural / manufactured)
  6. The activities in primary, secondary and tertiary sectors are interdependent. (independent / interdependent)

Q.2 Choose the most appropriate answer.

  1. The sectors are classified into public and private sector on the basis of:
  1. Employment conditions
  2. The nature of economic activity
  3. Ownership of enterprises
  4. Number of workers employed in the enterprise

b. Production of a commodity, mostly through the natural process, is an activity in _____sector.

  1. primary
  2. secondary
  3. tertiary
  4. information technology

c. GDP is the total value of ________ produced during a particular Year.

  1. All goods and services
  2. All final goods and services
  3. All intermediate goods and services
  4. All intermediate and final goods and services

d. n terms of GDP the share of tertiary sector in 2010-11 is ________.

  1. Between 20 to 30 per cent
  2. Between 30 to 40 per cent
  3. Between 50 to 60 per cent
  4. 70 per cent

Ans-

a. iii. Ownership of enterprises

Explanation: On the basis of who owns assets and is responsible for the delivery of services, an economy is classified into public sector and private sector.

b. i. primary

Explanation: When a commodity is produced by exploiting the natural resources, it is an activity of Primary sector.

c. ii. All final goods and services

Explanation: The value of final goods already includes the value of all intermediate goods that are used in the making of the final good. Hence while calculating the GDP we include the value of only final goods and services.

d.iii. Between 50 to 60 per cent

Explanation: Tertiary sector helps primary and secondary sectors by providing various types of services.

Q.3 Match the following:

Problems faced by farming sector Some possible measures
  1. Unirrigated land
 (a) Setting up agro-based mills
  1. Low prices for crops
 (b) Cooperative marketing societies
  1. Debt burden
 (c) Procurement of food grains by the government
  1. No job in the off season
 (d) Construction of canals by the government
  1. Compelled to sell their grains to the local traders soon after harvest
 (e) Banks to provide credit with low interest

Ans-

Problems faced by farming sector Some possible measures
  1. Unirrigated land
 (d) Construction of canals by the government
  1. Low prices for crops
 (c) Procurement of food grains by the government
  1. Debt burden
 (e) Banks to provide credit with low interest
  1. No job in the off season
 (a) Setting up agro-based mills
  1. Compelled to sell their grains to the local traders soon after harvest
 (b) Cooperative marketing societies

Q.4 Find the odd one out and say why.

  1. Tourist guide, dhobi, tailor, potter
  2. Teacher, doctor, vegetable vendor, lawyer
  3. Postman, cobbler, soldier, police constable
  4. MTNL, Indian Railways, Air India, SAHARA Airlines, All India Radio

Ans-

  1. Potter; Reason: Rest all works in tertiary sector while potter’s work is a part of primary sector.
  2. Vegetable Vendor;Reason: Teacher, doctor and lawyer, they these professions require formal education, while a vegetable vendor does not require a formal education.
  3. Cobbler; Reason: Rest all works in the public sector, while cobblers’ profession is a part of private sector.
  4. SAHARA Airlines; Reason: Rest all are public sector government undertakings, SAHARA Airlines is a private enterprise.

Q.5 A research scholar looked at the working people in the city of Surat and found the following:

Place of Work Nature of employment Percentage of working people
In offices and factories registered with the government Organised 15
Own shops, office, clinics in marketplace with formal license 15
People working on the street, construction workers, domestic workers. 20
Working in small workshops usually not registered with the government.

Complete the table. What is the percentage of workers in the unorganised sector in the city?

Ans-

Place of Work Nature of employment Percentage of working people
In offices and factories registered with the government Organised 15
Own shops, office, clinics in marketplace with formal license Organised 15
People working on the street, construction workers, domestic workers. Unorganised 20
Working in small workshops usually not registered with the government. Unorganised 50

The percentage of workers in the unorganised sector in this city is 70%.

Q.6 Do you think the classification of economic activities into primary, secondary and tertiary sector is useful? Explain how.

Ans-

An economy is best understood when we study its components or services. Sectoral classification of economic activities into primary, secondary and tertiary sector help as in ascertain where and how the people of our country are employed. It also helps in ascertaining as to which sector contributes more or less to the country’s GDP and Income.

Proper classification can also help in analysing the changing roles of sectors and the root cause behind them. For example the declining importance of agriculture and growing importance of industry and service sector can be better studied with proper classification of economic activities and accordingly appropriate measures can be taken. Hence for proper administration and progress, it is necessary to classify the economic activities into different sectors.

Q.7 For each of the sectors that we came across in this chapter why should one focus on employment and GDP? Could there be other issues which should be examined? Discuss.

Ans-

One should focus on GDP and employment because these help in determining the size of an economy. Proper assessment of the share of different sectors towards GDP and the level of employment in different sectors would help in framing adequate policies by determining the important things like per capita income and productivity. For example if the share of primary sector to GDP is very less but the level of employment is huge, it indicates that the government needs to take adequate steps to improve the productivity of primary sector and also to utilise the excess of labour of primary sectors in other sectors of the economy.

Other issues which should be examined are:

  • Regional development and disparities
  • Equitable distribution of income and wealth
  • Poverty levels
  • Level of modernisation, etc.

Q.8 Make a long list of all kinds of work that you find adults around you doing for a living. In what way can you classify them? Explain your choice.

Ans-

The different kinds of works which we found adults around us doing for a living are as follows:

Doctors treating patients, teachers teaching, engineers and labourers working on construction site, shopkeepers involved in trading, farmers farming, accountants working in private firms, toy manufacturer making toys, dairy owner selling milk, etc.

We can classify them into three sectors on the basis of nature of economic activity, namely – primary, secondary, and tertiary.

  • Primary sector will include farmers and dairy owners.
  • Secondary sector will include toy manufacturers, labourers and engineers working on construction site.
  • Tertiary sector will include shopkeeper, doctors, teachers and accountants.

Q.9 How is the tertiary sector different from other sectors? Illustrate with a few examples.

Ans-

Tertiary sector is different from the other two sectors i.e. primary and secondary because it doesn’t produce goods like the other two sectors but provide support services for the production to take place in primary and secondary sector. It includes necessary services that may or may not directly help in the production of goods. For example, banking services, transportation and communication services, services of teachers, doctors etc. Owning to these reasons, it is also called as service sector.

Q.10 What do you understand by disguised unemployment? Explain with an example each from the urban and rural areas.

Ans-

Disguised employment is a situation in which more people are employed in a work than actually required. This is the situation of underemployment where people are employed at less than their potential or capacity.

For example, in rural area suppose 10 farmers are working in a field where only 5 farmers are required. If 5 extra farmers are removed, the productivity will not change. In this case 5 farmers are disguisedly unemployed.

Another example of disguised employment from urban area can be of a small family run business (in which the whole family of 10 people is employed) which require maximum of 3 people.

Q.11 Distinguish between open employment and disguised unemployment.

Ans-

Open unemployment refers to a situation in which a person, who is able and willing to work, does not get an opportunity to work at the prevailing wage rate. E.g. there are 50 persons willing to work but only 30 persons are employed. Thus open unemployment is of 20 persons.

Disguised unemployment refers to a situation in which number of workers engaged in a job is much more than actually required and if some of them are withdrawn, total production will remain same. E.g., 6 persons are employed on a field. If 2 persons are withdrawn, total productivity remains unchanged. These 2 persons will constitute disguised unemployment.

Q.12 “Tertiary Sector is not playing any significant role in the development of the Indian economy”. Do you agree? Give reasons in support of your answer.

Ans-

No, I do not agree with the statement that “Tertiary Sector is not playing any significant role in the development of the Indian economy”.

Tertiary sector doesn’t produce goods but supports the production of primary and secondary sector. It includes some necessary services that may or may not directly help in the production of goods. For example: Services of teachers, doctors, banking services, transportation and communication services, etc.

In last forty years, while production has increased in all the three sectors, it has increased the most in tertiary sector. In 2010-11, it has emerged as the largest production sector in India replacing primary sector. With new services such as those based on information and communication technology, the share of tertiary sector in both GDP and employment has increased.

Thus, tertiary sector play an important role in the development in Indian economy.

Q.13 Service sector in India employs two different kinds of people. Who are these?

Ans-

The two different categories of people in service sector are:

(1) People whose activities directly help in the development of primary & secondary sector. These people do not produce any good but are a great support in production process. For example, services of people involved in transportation who transport primary and processed goods to the wholesale & retail shops.

(2) People who provide essential services but they may not directly help in production process, for e.g. teachers, doctors, lawyers etc.

Q.14 Workers are exploited in the unorganised sector. Do you agree with this view? Give reasons in support of your answer.

Ans-

Unorganised sector is characterized by small and scattered units which are largely outside the control of government. Workers are often exploited in the unorganised sector. The reasons for the same are as follows:

1. Rules and regulations are not followed in unorganised sector.

2. In unorganised sector job are low-paid and often not regular.

3. There are no provisions for paid leave, holidays, leaves due to sickness, overtime, etc.

4. There is no job security.

Q.15 How are the activities in the economy classified on the basis of employment conditions?

Ans-

On the basis of employment conditions, the activities in the economy are classified into two sectors: organised and unorganised.

Organised sector covers those work places where terms of employment are regular and people are assured of work. The organizations are registered under various act such as Factories Act, Minimum wage act etc. On the other hand, unorganised sector is characterized by small and scattered units which are largely outside the control of government.

Q.16 Compare the employment conditions prevailing in the organised and unorganised sector.

Ans-

The differences in the employment conditions prevailing in the organised and unorganised sector are:

Organised Sectors

Unorganised Sectors

Job Security

No Job security, can be asked to leave any time without assigning any reason.

Fixed timing of work. Paid extra for overtime.

No fixed timings of work. No extra money for overtime.

Facilities like paid holiday, provident funds, gratuity, health benefits etc. are provided.

None of these facilities are provided.

Q.17 Explain the objective of implementing the NREGA 2005.

Ans-

  • The central government in India made a law implementing the Right to Work in 200 districts of India. This was called NREGA 2005.
  • The main objective of this act was to provide a minimum of hundred days of employment to all those who are able to work by the government. If the government fails to provide the employment, it will pay unemployment allowance to the people.
  • This Act was further extended to include a large number of districts and in 2009 it was renamed as Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA).
  • This act aims at increasing the level of income and employment in rural areas of India.

Q.18 Using examples from your area compare and contrast that activities and functions of private and public sectors.

Ans-

Basis

Public Sector

Private Sector

Ownership and managements

Owned, controlled and managed by central or state government authorities

Owned, controlled and managed by private bodies

Economic decisions

Decisions regarding production and allocation of factors of production taken by government itself

Decisions regarding production and allocation of factors of production taken by private enterprises

Goods and services supplied

Goods and service required for social welfare (like health services) and economic infrastructure

Consumer goods (cloth, TV etc.), capital items (machines etc.) and services (banking, hotel etc.)

Motive

To maximise social welfare.

To maximise private profits.

E.g.

Indian railways, India Post

Reliance, ITC, Wipro

Q.19 Discuss and fill the following table giving one example each from your area.

Well managed organisation Badly managed organisation
Public sector
Private sector

Ans-

Well managed organisation Badly managed organisation
Public sector State Bank of India, Indian Railways Air India
Private sector Tata Iron and Steel Company Ltd, ICICI Bank Kingfisher Airlines

In public sector goods and services are supplied for social benefit, such as primary health services, defence, etc. These goods and services are required for building economic infrastructure, like railways, telecommunication etc. On the contrary, in private sector, different consumer goods, such as bread, butter, cotton, tv radio, etc. are supplied to earn profit. Different capital items, such as machines and machine tools are supplied by private sector. It also includes different services, such as hotels, tourism, hospitality, etc.

Q.20 Give a few examples of public sector activities and explain why the government has taken them up.

Ans-

Few examples of public sector activities are: Construction of roads and highways, constructions of dams for electricity generation, construction government schools and hospitals.

It is quite necessary for government to take up these tasks because of the following reasons:

1) Public sector provides many essential things at quite reasonable prices which the private sector cannot provide, as they are guided by profit motives.

2) Public sector provides medical and educational facilities either free of cost or at nominal prices.

3) Railways, post offices, steel plants etc. belong to the public sector, which contribute to the economic development of the nation.

These public sector activities are the responsibility of the government.

Q.21 Explain how public sector contributes to the economic development of a nation.

Ans-

At the time of independence, India did not have any industry worth mentioning. At that time the government decided to set up the public sector units in remote areas in all regions to have a balanced growth and to provide more employment in the country.

With the setting up of public sector enterprises, employment increased. This resulted in an increase in their income. With the increase in income, there was a demand for other activities, which further lead to the development of the region.

Public sector provides many essential things at quite reasonable prices which the private sector cannot provide.

Public sector provides medical and educational facilities either free of cost or at nominal prices.

Railways, post offices, steel plants etc. belong to the public sector, which contribute to the economic development of the nation.

Q.22 The workers in the unorganised sector need protection on the following issues: wages, safety and health. Explain with examples.

Ans-

(1) Wages: In unorganised sector, workers are given less wages than the minimum wage scale announced by the government. They often do not have fixed income, women are not paid at par to man. For Example: Farm labourers

(2) Safety: In unorganised sector, safety norms are often ignored or not followed. People work in unhygienic and hazardous conditions. For example: workers involves in bangle industry, or fire crackers making companies.

(3) Health: In unorganised sectors there are no leaves due to sickness, medical facilities, medical insurance, etc. For example: workers working on construction sites.

Q.23 A study in Ahmedabad found that out of 15,00,000 workers in the city, 11,00,000 worked in the unorganised sector. The total income of the city in this year(1997-1998) was Rs 60,000 million. Out of this Rs. 32,000 million was generated in the organised sector. Present this data as a table. What kind of ways should be thought of for generating more employment in the city?

Ans-

Organised sector Unorganised Sector Total
No. of workers 4,00,000 11,00,000 15,00,000
Income (Rs.) 32,000 million 28,000 million 60,000 million

To generate more employment in the cities following can be done:

  • Government should give financial support to bring more unorganised sector companies under the roof of organised sector.
  • The entrepreneurs in unorganised sector should be encouraged to change them into organised sector by providing them incentives like tax rebates etc.
  • People should be made aware of the advantages of organised sector, to motivate them to take up jobs in organised sector.

Q.24 The following table gives the GDP in Rupees (crores) by the three sectors:

Year Primary Secondary Tertiary
2000 52,000 48,500 1,33,500
2013 8,00,500 10,74,000 38,68,000

(i) Calculate the share of three sectors in GDP for 2000 and 2013.
(ii) Show the data as a bar diagram similar to Graph 2 in the chapter.
(iii) What conclusions can we draw from the bar graph?

Ans-

(i) The share of three sectors in GDP for 2000:

· Primary Sector – 22.22%

· Secondary Sector – 20.72%

· Tertiary Sector- 57.05%

The share of three sectors in GDP for 2013:

· Primary Sector – 13.93%

· Secondary Sector – 18.70%

· Tertiary Sector- 67.35%

(ii) Share of GDP in percentage

(iii)From the above bar diagram, we can conclude that the share of the primary sector has reduced by almost 9%. The share of tertiary sector in GDP has increased by almost 10%, the secondary sector has shown very little fall of less than 2% in the share of GDP.

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NCERT Class 10 Social Science Chapter-wise Solutions

Chapter 1 - Development

Chapter 3 - Money and Credit

Chapter 4 - Globalisation and the Indian Economy

Chapter 5 - Consumer Rights

FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)

When it comes to Class 10, each Chapter is crucial. Students should comprehend the various sectors in the Indian economy from Chapter 2 of Economics, ‘Sectors of Indian Economy.’ Many key terms and concepts from the chapters should be understood, and if these are revised a few times, these will get automatically retained to memory. Students must continue to practice the questions given at the end of each chapter. Apart from these, all study materials are available on the Extramarks’ website and can be used by students.

 While our country has the second-highest population, it also has the highest unemployment rate. Moreover, rural residents are usually denied better employment opportunities due to the absence of Jobs. With the abovementioned factors in mind, the Government of India passed the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act 2005, which guarantees qualified workers 100 days of labour to rural households that volunteer to do unskilled labour each year.