NCERT Solutions For Class 7 Science Chapter 7 Weather, Climate and Adaptations of Animals to Climate

(i) hot and humid

(i) A white fur, fat below skin, keen sense of smell.

(iv) tropical rainforests

The elephant possesses following characteristics which adapt it to survive in the tropical rainforest:

1. Sharp sense of smell
2. Strong teeth and tusk to obtain food and feed on variety of foods
3. Large pinna to hear even faintest of sounds and for fanning to keep cool under hot conditions
4. Loud voice for making warning calls
5. Large and strong trunk to protect as well as in picking up food

Tropical rainforests have large population of animals because these areas have high temperature and plenty of rainfall throughout the year. Such continuous hot and humid conditions provide these areas with rich nutrient resources to support large variety and population of plants and animals.

Weather of a place changes on a day to day basis while climate remains unchanged for years. Thus, we can say that weather changes frequently and not the climate.

(a) Jammu and Kashmir: moderately hot and wet for a part of the year

(b) Kerala: very hot and wet

(c) Rajasthan: hot and dry

(d) North-east India: wet

The maximum temperature of a day is likely to occur in the afternoon while minimum temperature of a day is likely to occur in the early morning.

Some important elements that determine the weather of a place are as follows:

1. Temperature
2. Rainfall
3. Humidity
4. Wind-speed

Animals of certain kind are found living in a particular set of climatic conditions because they are well-adapted to survive and flourish in them. For instance, polar bear is found only in polar regions, as it is best adapted to cold climatic conditions. Its characteristics like, thick white fur, fat layer beneath the skin, large wide paws for walking on snow and swimming are all adaptations for the cold climate. On the other hand, monkeys have characteristics like, limbs to climb on trees, long tails, feeding on fruits, sharp hearing sense and eyesight. These characteristics make them suitable to live in hot and humid climatic conditions like those of tropical rainforests.

The given characteristics can be classified as follows:

Each of the given characteristics is an adaption for a particular type of region. Therefore, none of the characteristics can be considered as an adaptation for both tropical rainforests and polar regions.

(i) Climate

(ii) dry, hot

(iii) tropical region, polar region