Cytoplasm of the cell contains many organelles.
Chromosomes are found in the nucleus of a cell. Chromosomes are thread-like structures that carry genes which play a vital role in the inheritance of characters from parents to their offspring.
The chloroplast is a type of plastid that contains green coloured pigment, chlorophyll. Chlorophyll is one of the essential requirements for photosynthesis to occur. Plastids are the organelles that are present only in plant cells. Hence, chloroplasts are found only in plant cells.
Following are the differences between eukaryotes and prokaryotes:
Features |
Eukaryotes |
Prokaryotes |
Number of cells |
Unicellular or Multicellular |
Unicellular |
Nucleus |
Well defined, and true nucleus |
Poorly defined, and a primitive nucleus |
Nuclear membrane |
Present |
Absent |
(a) Cytoplasm
In a cell, a jelly-like substance present between the nucleus and the cell membrane is called cytoplasm. It contains various cell organelles, such as mitochondria, golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, etc.
(b) Nucleus of a cell
Nucleus is generally spherical in shape and located centrally in a cell. A porous membrane, called nuclear membrane, separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm. Nuclear membrane allows the exchange of materials between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.
Nucleus contains a smaller spherical body called nucleolus and thread-like structures called chromosomes. Chromosomes carry genes and help in the transfer of characters from one generation to the next generation. In addition to the function of inheritance of characters, nucleus regulates all the activities of a cell.
The nerve cell receives and transfers messages to control and coordinate the working of different parts of the body.
(a) Unicellular organisms have one-celled body. (T)
(b) Muscle cells are branched. (F)
(c) The basic living unit of an organism is an organ. (F)
(d) Amoeba has irregular shape. (T)
Animal cell
Plant Cell
Differences between animal cell and pant cell are as follows:
Parts of cell |
Animal Cell |
Plant Cell |
Cell wall |
Absent |
Present |
Plastids |
Absent |
Present |
Vacuoles |
Many but small in size |
One big central |
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