NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter – 2

NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter – 2  Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 2 Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance on Extramarks is the perfect guide for students to prepare for examinations. Physics is an essential part of various competitive examinations like NEET, JEE or even school exams. And hence, to help students with their exam preparations, our subject matter experts at Extramarks have prepared easy and self-explanatory Class 12 Physics Chapter 2 NCERT Solutions. Students can study Physics Chapter 12 by referring to these study materials available for free.

Key Topics Covered In NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 2

The key topics covered under NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 2 are as follows.

Students may click on the respective topics to access the NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 2 offered by Extramarks. Here’s a detailed explanation of all subtopics under NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 2.

3.1 Introduction

The electric potential (also called electrostatic potential, electric field potential, potential drop) is the amount of work energy needed to move a unit of electric charge from a reference point to the specific point in an electric field.

SI unit: volt

In SI base units: V = kg⋅m2⋅s−3⋅A−1

Common symbols: V, φ

3.2 Electrostatic Potential

The electrostatic potential is the pressure that is outside, however conservative. It is the paintings executed via outside force in bringing a price s from a factor r to a degree p. The distinction withinside the capacity strength of prices among preliminary and last points is distinguished.

3.3 Potential Due To A Point Charge

This section of NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 2 describes the charge point. The electric potential of a factor price is V=kQ/r V = k Q / r. Electric potential is a scalar, and the electric subject is a vector. The addition of voltages as numbers offers the voltage because of a mixture of factor charges, while the addition of individual fields as vectors offers the overall electric subject.

3.4 Potential Due To An Electric Dipole

The potential because of a dipole relies upon r (distance among the factor wherein capacity is calculated and the mid-factor of the dipole) and perspective among role vector r and dipole second p. Dipole potential is inversely proportional to the square of r.

3.5 Potential Due To A System Of Charges

Under this section of NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 2, students will learn about the system of charges. For a system of point charges, the overall potential at a point is given through the algebraic sum of the potential for individual fees.

3.6 Equipotential Surfaces

The floor that’s the locus of all points on identical ability is called the equipotential floor. No work is needed to transport a charge from one factor to another on the equipotential floor.

3.6.1 Relation Between Field And Potential

This section of NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 2 describes the relationship between potential and area (E) as differential: the electric powered area is the potential (V) gradient in the x-direction. This may be represented as: Ex=−DV dx E x = − dV dx . Because the test charge is moved in the x-direction, the rate of its potential change is the electrical area’s value.

3.7 Potential Energy Of A System Of Charges

The electric potential energy of a system of factor charges is described as the work required to assemble this system of charges via bringing them near together, as withinside the system from a countless distance. To know more, students may refer to NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 2.

3.8 Potential Energy In An External Field

The electric potential energy of a system of point charges is described as the work required to collect this device of charges with the aid of bringing them together within the system from an infinite distance. The potential energy of the charge q withinside the field is identical to the work achieved in bringing the charge from infinity to the point. Here we word that the outside electric field E and the corresponding potential energy of the system range from point to point withinside the subject.

3.8.1 Potential Energy Of A Single Charge

The potential energy of the charge q in the field is equal to the work done in bringing the charge from infinity to the point. To know more, students may refer to Extramarks NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 2.

3.8.2 Potential Energy Of A System Of Two Charges In An External Field

The potential energy of the charge q withinside the area is the same as the work achieved in bringing the charge from infinity to the point. Here we notice that the outside electric field E and the corresponding potential energy of the system range from point to point withinside the area.

3.8.3 Potential Energy Of A Dipole In An External Field

τ = p × E. This work is stored because of the system’s potential energy. The potential energy U(θ) can then be related to the dipole’s inclination θ. To know more, students may refer to Extramarks NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 2.

3.9 Electrostatics Of Conductors

Conductors comprise mobile charge carriers. Inside a conductor, the electrostatic field is 0. The free charges have allotted themselves in the static situation that the electrical field is 0 anywhere inside. The electrostatic field is 0 inside a conductor.

3.10 Dielectrics And Polarization

The molecule acquires a dipole moment when a dielectric slab is positioned in an electric field. In such circumstances, the dielectric is stated to be polarized. The Electric Polarization of a dielectric substance is the dipole moment per unit volume. P is the symbol for polarization.

3.11 Capacitors And Capacitance

Capacitance is the electric property of a capacitor. It is the degree of a capacitor’s ability to save an electrical charge onto its plates. The unit of capacitance is the Farad (abbreviated to F), named after the British physicist Michael Faraday.

3.12 The Parallel Plate Capacitor

This section of NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 2 describes The Parallel Plate Capacitor. A parallel plate capacitor can store a finite quantity of energy earlier than dielectric breakdown. When parallel plates are connected throughout a battery, the plates are charged, and an electric field is mounted among them; this setup is called the parallel plate capacitor.

3.13 Effect Of Dielectric On Capacitance

The energy of the electrical field is decreased because of the presence of dielectric. If the total charge at the plates is stored constant, then the potential difference is reduced throughout the capacitor plates. In this way, the dielectric will increase the capacitance of the capacitor.

3.14 Combination Of Capacitors

In series combinations of capacitors, all capacitors could have identical charges. i.e., the resultant capacitance of series combination C=Q/V is the ratio of charge to total ability difference throughout the two capacitors connected in series.

3.14.1 Capacitors In Series

The overall voltage difference from end to end is apportioned to every capacitor in step with the inverse of its capacitance. The whole series acts as a capacitor smaller than any of its components. To know more, students may refer to NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 2.14.1.

3.14.2 Capacitors In Parallel

When capacitors are linked in parallel, the total capacitance is the sum of the individual capacitors’ capacitances. If or greater capacitors are connected in parallel, the general impact is that of a single equal capacitor having the sum general of the plate areas of the individual capacitors.

3.15 Energy Stored In A Capacitor

The electricity you see saved in a capacitor is electrostatic potential energy associated with the charge Q and voltage V among the plates of capacitor A charged capacitor stores energy withinside the electric field among its plates. As the capacitor gets charged, the electric field builds up.

3.16 Van De Graaff Generator

An electrostatic generator or Van de Graaff generator uses a transferring belt to build up electric charge on a hollow metallic globe at the top of an insulated column, developing excessive electric potentials. It produces excessive voltage direct current (DC) electricity at low current levels.

Students may refer to NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 2 provided by Extramarks to get detailed study material on Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance.

NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 2: Article link for Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance NCERT solutions

Click on the below links to view NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 2: 

• Class 12 Physics Chapter 2: Exercise 3.1 
• Class 12 Physics Chapter 2: Exercise 3.2 
• Class 12 Physics Chapter 2: Exercise 3.3 
• Class 12 Physics Chapter 2: Exercise 3.4 
• Class 12 Physics Chapter 2: Exercise 3.5 
• Class 12 Physics Chapter 2: Exercise 3.6
• Class 12 Physics Chapter 2: Exercise 3.7 
• Class 12 Physics Chapter 2: Exercise 3.8
• Class 12 Physics Chapter 2: Exercise 3.9
• Class 12 Physics Chapter 2: Exercise 3.10 
• Class 12 Physics Chapter 2: Exercise 3.11 
• Class 12 Physics Chapter 2: Exercise 3.12
• Class 12 Physics Chapter 2: Exercise 3.13
• Class 12 Physics Chapter 2: Exercise 3.14
• Class 12 Physics Chapter 2: Exercise 3.15 
• Class 12 Physics Chapter 2: Exercise 3.16 

In addition to NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 2, students can access NCERT Solutions for other chapters and subjects. Students can explore study material for the following. 

• NCERT Solutions Class 1
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• NCERT Solutions Class 8
• NCERT Solutions Class 9
• NCERT Solutions Class 10
• NCERT Solutions Class 11
• NCERT Solutions Class 12

Key Features of NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 2

NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 2 gives you detailed information about electrostatic potential and capacitance. Students will learn the basic concepts about capacitors, insulators, and how the potential energy works. Going through NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 2 will help students understand the topic in a better way.

The key features of NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 2 provided by Extramarks are

• The Solutions are compiled by some of the highly qualified subject matter experts
• Every minute detail of the chapter is included to ensure that students understand the chapter.
• NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 2 by Extramarks can be used as revision notes during the examination.
• They also contain important questions, sample questions, past years’ question papers for the students to refer to.