NCERT Solutions Class 10 Science Chapter 3

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3

NCERT Class 10 Science Chapter 3 teaches students everything about metal and non-metals. The occurrence of every metal is explained to students, and they also learn about the distinguishing properties of metals and non-metals. To improve their understanding of Chapter 3, students should not skip attempting questions given at the end of the chapter. They can also refer to NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3 to get help in solving the questions accurately.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3 are prepared by subject matter experts, so students do not have to worry about the authenticity of the study material. Answers to every question given in  the textbook are included in NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3. 

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3 can be your practice guide or last-minute revision material. Students can access these solutions on the website or the Extramarks app.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3 – Metals and Non-metals

Every element can be broadly classified into two types – Metals & Non-Metals. Other than mercury, all other elements are solid at room temperature. Being solid is one of the most vital properties to qualify as a metal. Other properties that make an element, a metal are:

  • Metals are malleable & ductile
  • Metals are lustrous
  • Metals are also good conductors of heat & electricity
  • Metal is sonorous
  • Metals lose their electrons to form positively charged ions
  • Metals chemically react with oxygen to transform into basic oxides

On the other hand, elements that are classified as non-metals are usually not malleable or ductile. They are also not lustrous, except for Iodine. Other than graphite, all the non-metals are bad conductors of electricity as well as heat. Non-metals also gain electrons to form negatively charged ions. Just like metals dissolve in water to form basic oxides, non-metals dissolve in water to form acidic oxide. Students might find Chapter 3 overwhelming because of the large number of new concepts that it covers. Thus, practicing NCERT textbook questions is important to ensure that they understand the topics in-depth. 

Referring to NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3 can help students solve textbook questions with accuracy. The use of relevant examples in the answers makes it easier for students to understand the applied logic. As the solutions are prepared by subject matter experts at Extramarks, students can be assured of 100 percent accuracy of the answers. 

What makes NCERT Solutions stand out is the fact that they are drafted in a very simple and easy-to-understand language. Irrespective of the student’s level, they will be able to understand every concept and answer any question easily. is, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science

Even if you ace Class 10 Chapter 3 Science with NCERT Solutions for Class 10 science Chapter 3, you still have a long way to go. With Extramarks’ NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science, you will be able to practise textbook exercises of every chapter. This means, no more nervousness and stress during exams. 

In addition, Extramarks also offers NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science for all the chapters. Check out chapter-wise NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science below:

NCERT SOLUTIONS FOR CLASS 10 SCIENCE
Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations
Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts
Chapter 3 Metals and Non-metals
Chapter 4 Carbon and Its Compounds
Chapter 5 Periodic Classification of Elements
Chapter 6 Life Processes
Chapter 7 Control and Coordination
Chapter 8 How do Organisms Reproduce?
Chapter 9 Heredity and Evolution
Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction
Chapter 11 Human Eye and Colourful World
Chapter 12 Electricity
Chapter 13 Magnetic Effects of Electric Current
Chapter 14 Sources of Energy
Chapter 15 Our Environment
Chapter 16

Benefits of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science by Extramarks have one clear goal which is to get you those ‘extra marks’ that you would otherwise miss out on.  Here are a few other benefits of Extramarks’ NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3:

  • The solutions are prepared by subject experts who have years of experience in teaching.
  • All the answers are stated stepwise so that students can retain them in their mind for a long time.
  • Every answer of every chapter in NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science is written as per the CBSE guidelines.
  • As the explanations are comprehensive, the fundamentals of the students get better.

How Will Extramarks Study Materials Benefit Students?

Most students aspire to score high marks in the Class 10 Board Examination. But only a few put in the hard work for it. And from the ones who do, a lot of them still fail to secure marks as high as they expected. Let’s look at the ways how study materials by Extramarks can help students:

  • Whether you are looking for mock tests, past years’ question papers or sample papers, you will find it all on Extramarks.
  • A team of subject matter experts has prepared the study material while ensuring that it is highly accurate and easy to understand.
  • All the study materials available on Extramarks are as per the latest guidelines by CBSE.

Related Question

  1. Give an example of a metal which
  • Is a liquid at room temperature
  • Can be easily cut with a knife
  • Is the best conductor of heat
  • Is a poor conductor of heat

Solution:

  • Mercury is a metal that is liquid at room temperature
  • Sodium and potassium can be easily cut with a knife
  • Silver is the best conductor of heat
  • Mercury is a poor conductor of heat

Q.1 Which of the following pairs will give displacement reactions?

(a) NaCl solution and copper metal
(b) MgCl2 solution and aluminium metal
(c) FeSO4 solution and silver metal
(d) AgNO3 solution and copper metal.

Ans-

(d) AgNO3 solution and copper metal

Q.2 Which of the following methods is suitable for preventing an iron frying pan from rusting?

(a) Applying grease
(b) Applying paint
(c) Applying a coating of zinc
(d) All of the above.

Ans-

(c) Applying a coating of zinc

Q.3 An element reacts with oxygen to give a compound with a high melting point. This compound is also soluble in water. The element is likely to be:

Ans-

(a) calcium
(b) carbon
(c) silicon
(d) iron.

(a) Calcium

Q.4 Food cans are coated with tin and not with zinc because

(a) Zinc is costlier than tin.
(b) Zinc has a higher melting point than tin.
(c) Zinc is more reactive than tin.
(d) Zinc is less reactive than tin.

Ans-

(c) Zinc is more reactive than tin which may react with food items and make it unfit for health.

Q.5 You are given a hammer, a battery, a bulb, wires and a switch.

(a) How could you use them to distinguish between samples of metals and non-metals?
(b) Assess the usefulness of these tests in distinguishing between metals and non-metals.

Ans-

1. If a substance can be beaten into thin sheets with the help of a hammer then it is a metal, whereas if it gets broken into pieces then it is non-metal. We can use the battery, bulb, wires, and a switch to set up a circuit with the sample. If the sample conducts electricity and bulbs starts to glow, then it is a metal otherwise it is a non-metal.


2. When a substance fulfills both the criteria then it can be confirmed as a metal. We know that there are some exceptions also for example sodium is metal which is not malleable in fact it is brittle. Graphite, a non-metal (allotrope of carbon) is a good conductor of electricity. Hence, either of the tests cannot confirm a metal or non-metal; when the test is done in isolation.

Q.6 What are amphoteric oxides? Give two examples of amphoteric oxides.

Ans-

Amphoteric oxides are the oxides, which react with both acids and bases to form salt and water. Examples: Zinc oxide (ZnO) and Aluminium oxide (Al2O3)

Q.7 Name two metals which will displace hydrogen from dilute acids, and two metals which will not.

Ans-

Metals that are more reactive than hydrogen displace it from dilute acids. For example, sodium and potassium displace hydrogen from dilute acids. On the other hand less reactive metals like copper, silver do not displace hydrogen from dilute acids.

Q.8 In the electrolytic refining of a metal M, what would you take as the anode, the cathode and the electrolyte?

Ans-

In the electrolytic refining of a metal M:
Anode is impure, thick block of metal M
Cathode is thin strip or wire of pure metal M
Electrolyte is salt solution of metal M to be refined

Q.9 Pratyush took sulphur powder on a spatula and heated it. He collected the gas evolved by inverting a test tube over it, as shown in figure below.

(a) What will be the action of gas on:
(i) dry litmus paper?
(ii) moist litmus paper?

(b) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction taking place.

Ans-

(a) When sulphur is burnt in air then sulphur dioxide gas is formed.
(i) Sulphur dioxide gas has no action on dry litmus paper.
(ii) Sulphur dioxide gas turns moist blue litmus paper red because sulphur dioxide reacts with moisture to form sulphurous acid.

(b) S(s)+O2( g) → SO2( g)sulphur dioxide

Q.10 State two ways to prevent the rusting of iron.

Ans-

The two ways by which rusting of iron can be prevented are:

1. By oiling, greasing or painting the surface becomes waterproof and the moisture and oxygen present in the air cannot come into direct contact with iron. Hence, rusting is prevented.
2. By Galvanization: In this method an iron article is coated with a layer of zinc metal, which prevents the iron from coming in contact with oxygen and moisture. Hence, rusting is prevented.

Q.11 What type of oxides are formed when non-metals combine with oxygen?

Ans-

Non-metals combine with oxygen to form acidic oxides or neutral oxides. Examples of acidic oxides are SO2, CO2 etc. and examples of neutral oxides are NO, CO etc.

Q.12 Give reasons:

(a) Platinum, gold and silver are used to make jewellery.
(b) Sodium, potassium and lithium are stored under oil.
(c) Aluminium is a highly reactive metal, yet it is used to make utensils for cooking.
(d) Carbonate and sulphide ores are usually converted into oxides during the process of extraction.

Ans-

1. Platinum, gold, and silver are used to make jewellery because they are very less reactive metals. Also they are lustrous and do not corrode easily.
2. Sodium, potassium, and lithium are very reactive metals. They react vigorously with air as well as water; therefore, they are kept immersed in kerosene oil in order to prevent their contact with air and moisture.
3. Aluminium is a highly reactive metal and is resistant to corrosion. This is because aluminium reacts with oxygen present in air to form a thin layer of aluminium oxide. This oxide layer is very stable and prevents further reaction of aluminium with oxygen. Also, it is light in weight and a good conductor of heat. Hence, it is used to make cooking utensils.
4. Carbonate and sulphide ores are usually converted into oxides during the process of extraction because it is easier to obtain metals from their oxides as compared to their carbonates and sulphides.

Q.13 You must have seen tarnished copper vessels being cleaned with lemon or tamarind juice. Explain why these sour substances are effective in cleaning the vessels.

Ans-

Copper reacts with moist carbon dioxide in air to form copper carbonate and as a result, copper vessel loses its shiny brown surface forming a green layer of copper carbonate. The sour substances like lemon or tamarind contain citric acid that neutralises the basis copper carbonate and dissolves the layer. That is why; tarnished copper vessels are cleaned with lemon or tamarind juice to give the surface of the copper vessel its characteristic lustre.

Q.14 Differentiate between metal and non-metal on the basis of their chemical properties.

Ans-

Metals Non-metals
Metals are electropositive. They lose electron readily to form a cation. Non metals are electronegative. They gain electron readily to form anion.
Metals are lustrous. Non-metals are non-lustrous except graphite.
Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity. Non-metals are non-conductors of heat and electricity except graphite.
Metals react with oxygen to form basic oxide.

4Na+O → 2Na2OThese have ionic bond.

 Non-metals react with oxygen to form acidic or neutral oxide oxides.

2C+O2 → 2CO (neutral oxide)C+O2 → CO2 (acidic oxide)These have covalent bond.
Metals react with water to form oxides and hydroxides. Some metals react with cold water, some with hot water, and some with steam.

2Na+2H2O → 2NaOH+H2↑

 They do not react with water.
Metals react with dilute acids to form a salt and evolve hydrogen gas. However, Cu, Ag, Au, Pt, Hg do not react.

2Na+2HCl → 2NaCl+H2↑

 Non-metals do not react with dilute acids. These are not capable of replacing hydrogen.
Metals act as reducing agents as they can easily lose electrons.

Na → Na++e−

 Non-metals act as oxidizing agents as they can gain electrons.

Cl2+2e− → 2Cl−

Q.15 A man went door to door posing as a goldsmith. He promised to bring back the glitter of old and dull gold ornaments. An unsuspecting lady gave a set of gold bangles to him which he dipped in a particular solution. The bangles sparkled like new but their weight was reduced drastically. The lady was upset but after a futile argument the man beat a hasty retreat. Can you play the detective to find out the nature of the solution he had used?

Ans-

The solution he had used was Aqua regia which is the mixture of concentrated hydrochloric acid and concentrated nitric acid in the ratio of 3:1. It is a fuming, highly corrosive liquid that is capable of dissolving metals like Gold and Platinum. Since the outer layer of the gold bangles is dissolved in aqua regia so their weight was reduced drastically.

Q.16 Give reasons why copper is used to make hot water tanks and not steel (an alloy of iron).

Ans-

Copper is used to make hot water tanks and not steel because copper does not react with cold water, hot water or steam. However, iron reacts with steam. If the hot water tanks are made of steel (an alloy of iron), then iron would react vigorously with the steam formed from hot water.

3Fe+4H2O → Fe3O4+4H2

That is why copper is used to make hot water tanks, and not steel.

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FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)

1. What are some things to remember while learning from NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3?

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3 is a guide developed by subject matter experts to make textbook exercises easy to solve, learn and retain and finally to achieve good academic results. . If you want to make the most out of Class 10 science Chapter 3 NCERT Solutions, here are a few things to remember:

  • Do not start studying from it at the last minute. Keep your precious last hours for revision only.
  • Do not panic if you fail to understand a certain concept. Our experts are always there to help you via our website and app.
  • Despite the easy language, it is normal to still find a certain concept or equation solving difficult. It is okay, understand that practise makes a student perfect!

2. Will I learn anything useful from NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3?

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3 is more than just study material for your CBSE Class 10 Board Examination. From this, you will actually learn a lot of things that will be useful in your practical life as well as in your career. The answers in NCERT solutions are explained in detail, which give students an idea of how to attempt a question in the board exam in the right manner. By closely studying from NCERT Solutions, students can increase their chances of scoring higher marks in board exams.

3. Is Class 10 Science Chapter 3 an important chapter in CBSE Class 10 Science Board Examination?

Yes, Class 10 Science Chapter 3 is an important chapter in CBSE Class 10 Science Board Examination. To ensure that you answer every question from it correctly, refer to NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3 by Extramarks’ on its website or app.