NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 6
The study of Geography is typically divided into two main subfields, namely cultural and physical Geography, to encompass such a vast quantity of material. We’ll start with physical Geography as that’s the one that most of us are familiar with. The study of locations and the interactions between people and their environments is known as physical Geography.
Class 8 Geography Chapter 6 is Human Resources. The Government of India (GOI) created the Ministry of Human Resource Department (MHRD) in 1985 to offer a supportive environment for skill development. For the general growth of our nation, every segment of the population is crucial. To evaluate and grow our human resources, a foundation must be built. You may learn how the GOI has taken necessary steps to separate the population based on gender, age, skill level, education, etc., in this chapter by referring to the Extramarks Geography Class 8 Chapter 6.
Students are often advised to go through the NCERT Solutions of each chapter to get better understanding and clarity of concepts in the chapter. Many students find it difficult to find answers to all the NCERT exercises. Hence, at Extramarks, we have developed NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 to encourage the students to learn and frame their own answers and to further improve them with the help of solutions. Since the Subject experts prepare these NCERT Class 8 Geography Chapter 6 Solutions, they adhere to the latest CBSE guidelines and they are written in a manner that fulfils the needs of all the students irrespective of their level. It provides an in-depth understanding of subjects and to score well in their examinations.
Not just NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 6, students can access a repository of study materials on the Extramarks website.. For example, material such as NCERT books, CBSE revision notes, CBSE sample papers, CBSE previous year question papers, and more can be easily found on the Extramarks website for all classes.
Key Topics Covered in NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 6
Following are the key topics that are covered in NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 6– Human Resource:
- Human Resources
- Distribution of Population
- Factors affecting the Distribution of Population
- Density of Population
- Population Change
- Patterns of Population change
- Population Composition
Let us look at Extramarks in-depth information on each subtopic in NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 6- Human Resource.
Human Resources
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 6 states that a country’s most valuable resource is its people. Only when humans find value in nature’s gift does it become relevant. People are what transforms them into “resources,” with their needs and skills. Human resources are, therefore, the most valuable resource.
Distribution of Population
The pattern of population distribution describes how people are dispersed throughout the surface of the world. The world’s population of more than 90% is concentrated in around 30% of the land area. Uneven population distribution. Both densely inhabited and sparsely populated places exist. Southeast Asia, northern Europe, and North America are the most congested regions. High latitude regions, tropical deserts, tall mountains, and regions with equatorial forests have deficient populations. People living north of the equator far outnumber those living the south of it. Two continents, Asia and Africa, are home to over 75 per cent of the world’s population. Only 10 countries are home to 60% of the world’s population. More than 100 million people live in each of them.
Density of Population
The number of people residing on a specific square metre of the earth’s surface is the population density. 51 people live per square kilometre, the average worldwide population density. The region with the highest population density is South-Central Asia, followed by East and South-East Asia.
Factors affecting the Distribution of Population
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 6 list some factors that majorly influence the distribution of population:
Geographical features:
Climate: Extremely hot or frigid regions are often avoided by people.
Examples include the Sahara Desert, Canada’s and Russia’s Polar Regions, and Antarctica.
Topography: Because these regions are suited for farming, industry, and service-related enterprises, people choose to live on lowlands rather than mountains and plateaus.
- The world’s most densely populated areas are the Ganga plains.
- Sparsely populated areas include the Andes, Alps, and the Himalayas.
Water: People choose to reside in places with easy access to fresh water. The world’s river valleys are crowded with people, whereas deserts are sparsely inhabited.
Soil: Land that is ideal for agriculture is one with fertile soils.
Examples include densely inhabited, fertile plains like the Nile in Egypt, the Ganga and Brahmaputra in India, Hwang-He, and Chang Jiang in China.
Minerals: More people live in areas with mineral resources.
For instance, people moved to diamond mines of South Africa and the Middle East once oil was discovered there.
Social, Cultural and Economic factors
Social factors: More people live in areas with superior housing, educational, and medical amenities, such as Pune.
Cultural factors: People are drawn to places having a strong religious or cultural identity.
Varanasi, Jerusalem, and Vatican City are three examples.
Economic factors: Because they offer job possibilities, industrial zones draw many people.
Examples are the crowded cities of Mumbai in India and Osaka in Japan.
Population change
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 6 discusses another essential topic of population change.
The term “population change” describes a shift in the total population at a certain time. The population of the globe is not steady due to fluctuations in the number of births and deaths. The population of the globe increased gradually but consistently up to the 1800s. Although many infants were born, many also passed away too soon. Causes include a lack of adequate healthcare facilities, a lack of enough food to feed everyone, and farmers’ inability to produce enough food to satisfy everyone’s needs. Low population growth was the outcome. The world population peaked at 1 billion people in 1804, and then around 155 years later, in 1959, it surpassed 3 billion people, a phenomenon known as a population boom. The population increased to 6 billion people in 1999, roughly 40 years later. Better food and medical supplies, a decline in mortality, and still-high birth rates were the key contributors to this rise.
The birth rate, or the number of live births per 1,000 people, is typically used to calculate the number of births. The death rate, or the number of fatalities per 1,000 persons, is typically used to calculate the number of deaths. Migrations are the influx and emigration of people. The natural sources of population change are births and deaths. The natural growth rate is the difference between a nation’s birth and mortality rates. The world’s population expansion is mainly caused by a sharp rise in the natural growth rate.
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 6 explains that migration is another factor that affects population size. People can move both inside and across nations. People who emigrate are individuals who leave their nation, whereas immigrants are those who enter it. Immigration has increased the population of nations like the United States of America and Australia. Sudan is a nation where population numbers have decreased due to emigration or out-migration.
Patterns of Population change
Worldwide population growth rates differ; although the world’s population is expanding quickly, this expansion is not being experienced by all nations. Kenya experiences high rates of births, deaths, and population growth. Death rates have decreased due to better healthcare, but high birth rates continue, contributing to solid growth rates. Due to low birth and mortality rates, population growth is declining in other nations like the United Kingdom.
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 6 in the above section explains the pattern of population change. Register with Extramarks for more such information.
Population Composition
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 6 in this section talks about how a crowded location has little bearing on its economic progress. Japan and Bangladesh are both extremely populated. Japan, however, has a more advanced economy than Bangladesh. Age, sex, literacy level, health status, employment, and income level are all variables among people. The structure of the population is referred to as population composition.
Knowing the population’s gender distribution, age range, level of education, kind of employment, income level, and health status is possible by looking at the population’s composition. The population or age-sex pyramid can be used to examine a nation’s population distribution.
A population pyramid showcases:
- The entire population was separated into several age ranges, such as 5 to 9 years old and 10 to 14 years.
- The proportion of each group’s male and female members in the overall population.
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 6 explains that the demographic pyramids in various nations are diverse
- Due to low birth rates, the first kind of pyramid has narrow pyramids at the base. It spreads in the older age groups due to declining death rates. Japan’s demographic pyramid, for instance.
- Due to high birth rates and declining mortality rates among younger age groups, the second category of population pyramids includes those that expand at the base. It occurs because there are more children born than ever before and more of them live to maturity. India’s population pyramid, for instance.
- The population pyramids of the least developed nations are included in the third kind. High birth rates are wider at the base and narrow at the centre, indicating higher mortality rates. Consider Kenya’s and Nigeria’s population pyramids.
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 6 Exercise and Solutions
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Key Features of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 6
NCERT Solutions by Extramarks makes it much easier to grasp the basic fundamental concepts. Extramarks brings you NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 6 to understand every concept and conveniently grab the chapter’s basics to answer any question. In addition, Extramarks NCERT solutions make students exam ready. But any idea why Extramarks? Here’s why:
- The subject experts at Extramarks follow all guidelines laid by CBSE to draft solutions beneficial to students. No wonder they have complete faith and trust in Extramarks.
- Extramarks NCERT solutions are exclusively and authentically produced for students prepared by subject matter experts. These solutions help students clear their doubts and practice the exam writing pattern appropriately.
These solutions undergo revision and refinement as per the latest CBSE curriculum. Since most of the questions asked in the exams follow NCERT books, students can bank on Extramarks for any assistance.