CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Syllabus 2023-24

CBSE Business Studies Class 12 Syllabus for Term (1&2) 2023-24

 Commerce students affiliated with CBSE in  Class 12 get to study a wide range of subjects.  Business Studies is one of the most crucial subjects where the students will learn about the basic principles of business and its components, how to evaluate a firm’s financial health, and how events across the world impact markets. To score better in your final exam, you will need to have all-around knowledge of each of the business concepts discussed in every chapter. By having the latest Class 12 CBSE Business Studies Syllabus, you can point out all the details mentioned in each unit for better understanding.

CBSE Business Studies Syllabus Class 12 for Term (1 & 2) 2023-24

Direct and hassle-free access to the latest syllabus for the year 2023-24 for all the Class 12 Business Studies students is available here. For this, you can scroll down and access the link provided for the CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Syllabus.

CBSE Class 12 Syllabus for Other Subjects:

The CBSE Class 12 curriculum covers a wide range of topics, including maths, physics, chemistry, biology, english, hindi, political science, and more. Each course has a distinct syllabus with subjects, ideas, and theories that students must study and comprehend. The curriculum is created to offer students a thorough and well-rounded education that will equip them for further study and future employment.

CBSE Class 12 Syllabus

  • CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Syllabus

Class 12 BST Syllabus

The subject is divided and conducted into two terms. For the ease of all the commerce students, a term-wise syllabus has been shared below:

Term 1

Units MCQ-Based Question Paper Marks
Part A Principles and Functions of Management

 

 
1. Nature and Significance of Management  

16

 

2. Principles of Management
3. Business Environment
4. Planning  

14

5. Organising
  Total 30
Part B Business Finance and Marketing  
11. Marketing Management 10
  Grand Total 40
Part C Project Work (Part 1) 10

 

Term 2

Units Subjective Question Paper

 

Marks
Part A Principles and Functions of Management  
6. Staffing  
7. Directing  
8. Controlling 20
  Total 20
Part B Business Finance and Marketing  
9. Financial Management 15
10. Financial Markets  
12. Consumer Protection 5
  Grand Total 40
Part C Project Work (Part 2) 10

Objectives of Learning BST Syllabus Class 12 CBSE 2023-24

There are many sources from which you can learn about the subject such as NCERT Books, books from different authors, and many more. Business Studies is a subject that can make students learn about the whats and hows of a business. An overview of  what you can learn from studying business studies is provided in the list below:

  1. To understand Business Formation
  2. To understand Business Management
  3. To understand the business environment
  4. To identify different aspects of the Organisational Structure

Paper Pattern of Business Studies Class 12th

The CBSE Previous Year Question Paper can also give you extensive insight into the details of the paper pattern of the exam. While checking the paper pattern, you can also look out for the CBSE Important Questions and also follow up on all the other CBSE Extra Questions for a better understanding. The CBSE question paper of Business Studies comprises 80 marks for the theoretical exam and 20 marks allocated to project work or viva. The project or viva is conducted before the final examination in the school itself. The duration of the exam is 3 hours.

As per the CBSE Sample Papers, the subject of Business Studies has subjective type questions. If you follow the sample paper, you can find that there are a total of 12 questions. There will be 4 questions of 2 marks, 4 questions containing 3 marks each, and 4 questions carrying 5 marks each. Students are advised to practice CBSE Sample Papers and CBSE Previous Year Question Papers as much as possible. 

Some of the important topics in this subject are as follows:

  1. Types of Entrepreneurship
  2. Marketing vs Branding
  3. What is Marketing Mix?
  4. What is the Stock Exchange?
  5. Importance of Consumer Protection

BUSINESS STUDIES

(Code No. 054)

Rationale

The courses in Business Studies and Accountancy are introduced at + 2 stage of Senior Secondary Education as formal commerce education is provided after first ten years of schooling. Therefore, it becomes necessary that instructions in these subjects are given in such a manner that students have a good understanding of the principles and practices bearing in business (trade and industry) as well as their relationship with the society.

Business is a dynamic process that brings together technology, natural resources and human initiative in a constantly changing global environment. To understand the framework in which a business operates, a detailed study of the organisation and management of business processes and its interaction with the environment is required. Globalisation has changed the way organizations transact their business.

Information Technology is becoming a part of business operations in more and more organisations. Computerised systems are fast replacing other systems. E-business and other related concepts are picking up fast which need to be emphasized in the curriculum.

The course in Business Studies prepares students to analyse, manage, evaluate and respond to changes which affect business. It provides a way of looking at and interacting with the business environment. It recognizes the fact that business influences and is influenced by social, political, legal and economic forces.

It allows students to appreciate that business is an integral component of society and develops an understanding of many social and ethical issues.

Therefore, to acquire basic knowledge of the business world, a course in Business Studies would be useful. It also informs students of a range of study and work options and bridges the gap between school and work.

Objectives:

  • To inculcate business attitude and develop skills among students to pursue higher education, world of work including self
  • To develop students with an understanding of the processes of business and its environment;
  • To acquaint students with the dynamic nature and inter-dependent aspects of business;
  • To develop an interest in the theory and practice of business, trade and industry;
  • To familiarize students with theoretical foundations of the process of organizing and managing the operations of a business firm;
  • To help students appreciate the economic and social significance of business activity and the social cost and benefits arising there from;
  • To acquaint students with the practice of managing the operations and resources of business;
  • To enable students to act more effectively and responsibly as consumers, employers, employees and citizens;

BUSINESS STUDIES (Code No. 054) CLASS–XI (2023-24)

Theory: 80 Marks 3 Hours

Project: 20 Marks

Units Periods Marks
Part A Foundations of Business
1 Nature and Purpose of Business 18 16
2 Forms of Business Organisations 24
3 Public, Private and Global Enterprises 18 14
4 Business Services 18
5 Emerging Modes of Business 10 10
6 Social Responsibility of Business and Business Ethics 12
Total 100 40
Part B Finance and Trade
7 Sources of Business Finance 30 20
8 Small Business 16
9 Internal Trade 30 20
10 International Business 14
Total 90 40
Project Work (One) 30 20

Part A: Foundation of Business

Concept includes meaning and features

Unit 1: Evolution and Fundamentals of Business

Content After going through this unit, the

student/ learner would be able to:

History of Trade and Commerce in India: Indigenous Banking System, Rise of Intermediaries, Transport, Trading Communities: Merchant Corporations, Major Trade Centres, Major Imports and Exports, Position of Indian Sub-Continent

in the World Economy.

· To acquaint the History of Trade and Commerce in India
 

Business – meaning and characteristics

· Understand the meaning of business with special reference to economic and non-economic activities.

· Discuss the characteristics of business.

Business, profession and employment- Concept · Understand the concept of business, profession and employment.

· Differentiate between business, profession and employment.

Objectives of business · Appreciate the economic and social objectives of business.

· Examine the role of profit in business.

Classification of business activities – Industry and Commerce · Understand the broad categories of

business activities- industry and commerce.

Industry-types: primary, secondary, tertiary Meaning and subgroups · Describe the various types of industries.
Commerce-trade: (types-internal, external; wholesale and retail) and auxiliaries to trade; (banking, insurance, transportation, warehousing, communication, and advertising) – meaning · Discuss the meaning of commerce, trade and auxiliaries to trade.

· Discuss the meaning of different types of trade and auxiliaries to trade.

· Examine the role of commerce- trade and auxiliaries to trade.

 

Business risk-Concept

· Understand the concept of risk as a special characteristic of business.

· Examine the nature and causes of business risks.

Unit 2: Forms of Business organizations

Sole Proprietorship-Concept, merits and limitations. · List the different forms of business organizations and understand their meaning.

· Identify and explain the concept, merits and limitations of Sole

Proprietorship.

Partnership-Concept, types, merits and limitation of partnership, registration of a partnership firm, partnership deed. Types of partners · Identify and explain the concept, merits and limitations of a Partnership firm.

· Understand the types of partnership on the basis of duration and on the basis of liability.

· State the need for registration of a partnership firm.

· Discuss types of partners –active, sleeping, secret, nominal and

partner by estoppel.

Hindu Undivided Family Business: Concept · Understand the concept of Hindu Undivided Family Business.
Cooperative Societies-Concept, merits, and limitations. · Identify and explain the concept, merits and limitations of Cooperative Societies.

· Understand the concept of consumers, producers, marketing,

farmers, credit and housing co- operatives.

Company – Concept, merits and limitations; Types: Private, Public and One Person Company – Concept · Identify and explain the concept, merits and limitations of private and public companies.

· Understand the meaning of one person company.

· Distinguish between a private company and a public company.

Formation of company – stages, important documents to be used in formation of a company · Highlight the stages in the formation of a company.

· Discuss the important documents used in the various stages in the

formation of a company.

Choice of form of business organization · Distinguish between the various forms of business organizations.

· Explain the factors that influence

the choice of a suitable form of business organization.

Unit 3: Public, Private and Global Enterprises

Public sector and private sector enterprises – Concept · Develop an understanding of Public

sector and private sector enterprises

Forms of public sector enterprises: Departmental Undertakings, Statutory

Corporations and Government Company.

· Identify and explain the features, merits and limitations of different

forms of public sector enterprises

Global Enterprises – Feature. Public private partnership – concept · Develop an understanding of global enterprises, public private partnership by studying their

meaning and features.

Unit 4: Business Services

Business services – meaning and types. Banking: Types of bank accounts – savings, current, recurring, fixed deposit and multiple option deposit account · Understand the meaning and types of business services.

· Discuss the meaning and types of Business service Banking

· Develop an understanding of difference types of bank account.

Banking services with particular reference to Bank Draft, Bank Overdraft, Cash credit.

E-Banking meaning, Types of digital payments

· Develop an understanding of the different services provided by banks
Insurance – Principles. Types – life, health, fire and marine insurance – concept · Recall the concept of insurance

· Understand Utmost Good Faith, Insurable Interest, Indemnity, Contribution, Doctrine of Subrogation and Causa Proxima as principles of insurance

· Discuss the meaning of different

types of insurance-life, health, fire, marine insurance.
Postal Service – Mail, Registered Post,

Parcel, Speed Post, Courier – meaning

· Understand the utility of different telecom services

Unit 5: Emerging Modes of Business

E – business: concept, scope and benefits · Give the meaning of e-business.

· Discuss the scope of e-business.

· Appreciate the benefits of e- business

· Distinguish e-business from traditional business.

Unit 6: Social Responsibility of Business and Business Ethics

Concept of social responsibility · State the concept of social responsibility.
Case of social responsibility · Examine the case for social responsibility.
Responsibility towards owners, investors,

consumers, employees, government and community.

· Identify the social responsibility towards different interest groups.
Role of business in environment protection · Appreciate the role of business in environment protection.
Business Ethics – Concept and Elements · State the concept of business ethics.

· Describe the elements of business ethics.

Part B: Finance and Trade

Unit 7: Sources of Business Finance

Concept of business finance · State the meaning, nature and importance of business finance.
Owners’ funds- equity shares, preferences share, retained earnings · Classify the various sources of funds into owners’ funds.

· State the meaning of owners’ funds.

Borrowed funds: debentures and bonds, loan from financial institution and commercial banks, public deposits, trade credit, Inter Corporate Deposits (ICD). · State the meaning of borrowed funds.

· Discuss the concept of debentures, bonds, loans from financial institutions and commercial banks, Trade credit and inter corporate deposits.

· Distinguish between owners’ funds and borrowed funds.

Unit 8: Small Business and Enterprises

Entrepreneurship Development (ED): Concept, Characteristics and Need. Process of Entrepreneurship Development:

Start-up India Scheme, ways to fund

start-up. Intellectual Property Rights and Entrepreneurship

· Understand the concept of Entrepreneurship Development (ED), Intellectual Property Rights
Small scale enterprise as defined by MSMED Act 2006 (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise Development Act) · Understand the meaning of small business
Role of small business in India with special reference to rural areas · Discuss the role of small business in India
Government schemes and agencies for small scale industries: National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC) and District Industrial Centre (DIC) with special reference to rural, backward areas · Appreciate the various Government schemes and agencies for development of small scale industries. NSIC and DIC with

special reference to rural, backward area.

Unit 9: Internal Trade

Internal trade – meaning and types services rendered by a wholesaler and a retailer · State the meaning and types of internal trade.

· Appreciate the services of wholesalers and retailers.

Types of retail-trade-Itinerant and small scale fixed shops retailers · Explain the different types of retail trade.
Large scale retailers-Departmental stores, chain stores – concept · Highlight the distinctive features of departmental stores, chain stores and mail order business.
GST (Goods and Services Tax): Concept and key-features · Understand the concept of GST

Unit 10: International Trade

International trade: concept and benefits · Understand the concept of international trade.

· Describe the scope of international

trade to the nation and business firms.

Export trade – Meaning and procedure · State the meaning and objectives of export trade.

· Explain the important steps involved in executing export trade.

Import Trade – Meaning and procedure · State the meaning and objectives
of import trade.

· Discuss the important steps involved in executing import trade.

Documents involved in International Trade; indent, letter of credit, shipping order, shipping bills, mate’s receipt (DA/DP) · Develop an understanding of the various documents used in international trade.

· Identify the specimen of the various documents used in international trade.

· Highlight the importance of the documents needed in connection

with international trade transactions

World Trade Organization (WTO) meaning and objectives · State the meaning of World Trade Organization.

· Discuss the objectives of World

Trade Organization in promoting international trade.

Unit 11: Project Work

As per CBSE guidelines.

Suggested Question Paper Design Business Studies (Code No. 054) Class XI (2023-24)

March 2023 Examination

Marks: 80 Duration: 3 hrs.

SN Typology of Questions Marks Percentage
 

 

 

1

Remembering and Understanding:

Exhibit memory of previously learned material by recalling facts, terms, basic concepts, and answers.

Demonstrate understanding of facts and ideas by organizing, comparing, translating, interpreting, giving descriptions, and stating main ideas

 

 

 

44

 

 

 

55%

 

2

Applying: Solve problems to new situations by applying acquired knowledge, facts, techniques and rules in a different way  

19

 

23.75%

 

 

 

 

3

Analysing, Evaluating and Creating:

Examine and break information into parts by identifying motives or causes. Make inferences and find evidence to support generalizations.

Present and defend opinions by making judgments about information, validity of ideas, or quality of work based on a set of criteria.

Compile information together in a different way by combining elements in a new pattern or proposing alternative solutions.

 

 

 

 

17

 

 

 

 

21.25%

Total 80 100%

Business Studies

CLASS–XII (2023-24)

Theory: 80 Marks 3 Hours

Project: 20 Marks

Units Periods Marks
Part A Principles and Functions of Management
1. Nature and Significance of Management 12 16
2 Principles of Management 14
3 Business Environment 12
4 Planning 14 14
5 Organising 15
6 Staffing 16 20
7 Directing 15
8 Controlling 12
Total 110 50
Part B Business Finance and Marketing
9 Financial Management 20 15
10 Financial Markets 18
11 Marketing Management 30 15
12 Consumer Protection 12
Total 80 30
Part C Project Work (One) 30 20

Part A: Principles and Functions of Management Unit 1: Nature and Significance of Management

Concept After going through this unit, the

student/ learner would be able to:

Management – concept, objectives, and importance · Understand the concept of management.

· Explain the meaning of ‘Effectiveness and Efficiency.

· Discuss the objectives of management.

· Describe the importance of management.

Management as Science, Art and Profession · Examine the nature of

management as a science, art and profession.

Levels of Management · Understand the role of top, middle and lower levels of management
Management functions-planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling · Explain the functions of management
Coordination- concept and importance · Discuss the concept and
characteristics of coordination.

· Explain the importance of coordination.

Unit 2: Principles of Management

Principles of Management- concept and significance · Understand the concept of principles of management.

· Explain the significance of management principles.

Fayol’s principles of management · Discuss the principles of management developed by Fayol.
Taylor’s Scientific management- principles and techniques · Explain the principles and techniques of ‘Scientific Management’.

· Compare the contributions of Fayol and Taylor.

Unit 3: Business Environment

Business Environment- concept and importance · Understand the concept of ‘Business Environment’.

· Describe the importance of business environment

Dimensions of Business Environment- Economic, Social, Technological, Political and Legal

 

Demonetization – concept and features

· Describe the various dimensions of ‘Business Environment’.

· Understand the concept of demonetization

Unit 4: Planning

Concept, importance and limitation · Understand the concept of planning.

· Describe the importance of planning.

· Understand the limitations of planning.

Planning process · Describe the steps in the process of planning.
Single use and standing plans. Objectives, Strategy, Policy, Procedure, method Rule, budget and Programme · Develop an understanding of single use and standing plans

· Describe objectives, policies, strategy, procedure, method, rule,

budget and programme as types of plans.

Unit 5: Organising

Concept and importance · Understand the concept of organizing as a structure and as a
process.

· Explain the importance of organising.

Organising Process · Describe the steps in the process of organizing
Structure of organisation- functional and divisional concept. Formal and informal organisation- concept · Describe functional and divisional structures of organisation.

· Explain the advantages, disadvantages and suitability of functional and divisional structure.

· Understand the concept of formal and informal organisation.

· Discuss the advantages,

disadvantages of formal and informal organisation.

Delegation: concept, elements and importance · Understand the concept of delegation.

· Describe the elements of delegation.

· Appreciate the importance of Delegation.

Decentralization: concept and importance · Understand the concept of decentralisation.

· Explain the importance of decentralisation.

· Differentiate between delegation and decentralisation.

Unit 6: Staffing

Concept and importance of staffing · Understand the concept of staffing.

· Explain the importance of staffing

Staffing as a part of Human Resource Management concept · Understand the specialized duties and activities performed by Human

Resource Management

Staffing process · Describe the steps in the process of staffing
Recruitment process · Understand the meaning of recruitment.

· Discuss the sources of recruitment.

· Explain the merits and demerits of

internal and external sources of recruitment.

Selection – process · Understand the meaning of selection.

· Describe the steps involved in the process of selection.

Training and Development – Concept and importance, Methods of training – on the · Understand the concept of training and development.
job and off the job – vestibule training, apprenticeship training and internship training · Appreciate the importance of training to the organisation and to the employees.

· Discuss the meaning of induction training, vestibule training, apprenticeship training and internship training.

· Differentiate between training and development.

· Discuss on the job and off the job methods of training.

Unit 7: Directing

Concept and importance · Describe the concept of directing.

· Discuss the importance of directing

Elements of Directing · Describe the various elements of directing
Motivation – concept, Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, Financial and non-financial incentives · Understand the concept of motivation.

· Develop an understanding of Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs.

· Discuss the various financial and non-financial incentives.

Leadership – concept, styles – authoritative, democratic and laissez faire · Understand the concept of leadership.

· Understand the various styles of leadership.

Communication – concept, formal and informal communication; barriers to effective communication, how to overcome the barriers · Understand the concept of communication

· Understand the elements of the communication process.

· Discuss the concept of formal and informal communication.

· Discuss the various barriers to effective communication.

· Suggest measures to overcome barriers to communication.

Unit 8: Controlling

Controlling – Concept and importance · Understand the concept of controlling.

· Explain the importance of controlling.

Relationship between planning and controlling · Describe the relationship between planning and controlling
Steps in process of control · Discuss the steps in the process of controlling.

Part B: Business Finance and Marketing Unit 9: Financial Management

Concept, role and objectives of Financial Management · Understand the concept of financial management.

· Explain the role of financial management in an organisation.

· Discuss the objectives of financial management

Financial decisions: investment, financing

and dividend- Meaning and factors affecting

· Discuss the three financial

decisions and the factors affecting them.

Financial Planning – concept and importance · Describe the concept of financial planning and its objectives.

· Explain the importance of financial planning.

Capital Structure – concept and factors affecting capital structure · Understand the concept of capital structure.

· Describe the factors determining

the choice of an appropriate capital structure of a company.

Fixed and Working Capital – Concept and factors affecting their requirements · Understand the concept of fixed and working capital.

· Describe the factors determining the requirements of fixed and

working capital.

Unit 10: Financial Markets

Financial Markets: Concept · Understand the concept of financial market.
Money Market: Concept · Understand the concept of money market.
Capital market and its types (primary and secondary) · Discuss the concept of capital market.

· Explain primary and secondary markets as types of capital market.

· Differentiate between capital market and money market.

· Distinguish between primary and secondary markets.

Stock Exchange – Functions and trading procedure · Give the meaning of a stock exchange.

· Explain the functions of a stock exchange.

· Discuss the trading procedure in a stock exchange.

· Give the meaning of depository services and demat account as used in the trading procedure of

securities.

Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) – objectives and functions · State the objectives of SEBI.

· Explain the functions of SEBI.

Unit 11: Marketing

Marketing – Concept, functions and philosophies · Understand the concept of marketing.

· Explain the features of marketing.

· Discuss the functions of marketing.

· Explain the marketing philosophies.

Marketing Mix – Concept and elements · Understand the concept of marketing mix.

· Describe the elements of marketing mix.

Product – branding, labelling and packaging – Concept · Understand the concept of product as an element of marketing mix.

· Understand the concept of branding, labelling and packaging.

Price – Concept, Factors determining price · Understand the concept of price as an element of marketing mix.

· Describe the factors determining price of a product.

Physical Distribution – concept, components and channels of distribution · Understand the concept of physical distribution.

· Explain the components of physical distribution.

· Describe the various channels of distribution.

Promotion – Concept and elements; Advertising, Personal Selling, Sales Promotion and Public Relations · Understand the concept of promotion as an element of marketing mix.

· Describe the elements of promotion mix.

· Understand the concept of advertising.

· Understand the concept of sales promotion.

· Discuss the concept of public relations.

Unit 12: Consumer Protection

Concept and importance of consumer protection · Understand the concept of consumer protection.

· Describe the importance of

consumer protection.

· Discuss the scope of Consumer Protection Act, 2019

The Consumer Protection Act, 2019:

Source:

http://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/2019/210422.pdf

 

Meaning of consumer

Rights and responsibilities of consumers Who can file a complaint?

Redressal machinery Remedies available

· Understand the concept of a consumer according to the Consumer Protection Act, 2019.

· Explain the consumer rights

· Understand the responsibilities of consumers

· Understand who can file a complaint and against whom?

· Discuss the legal redressal machinery under Consumer Protection Act, 2019.

· Examine the remedies available to

the consumer under Consumer Protection Act, 2019.

Consumer awareness – Role of consumer organizations and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) · Describe the role of consumer organizations and NGOs in

protecting consumers’ interests.

Unit 13: Project Work

PROJECT WORK IN BUSINESS STUDIES FOR CLASS XI AND XII

Introduction

The course in Business Studies is introduced at Senior School level to provide students with a sound understanding of the principles and practices bearing in business (trade and industry) as well as their relationship with the society. Business is a dynamic process that brings together technology, natural resources and human initiative in a constantly changing global environment. With the purpose to help them understand the framework within which a business operates, and its interaction with the social, economic, technological and legal environment, the CBSE has introduced Project Work in the Business Studies Syllabus for Classes XI and XII. The projects have been designed to allow students to appreciate that business is an integral component of society and help them develop an understanding of the social and ethical issues concerning them.

The project work also aims to empower the teacher to relate all the concepts with what is happening around the world and the student’s surroundings, making them appear more clear and contextual. This will enable the student to enjoy studies and use his free time effectively in observing what’s happening around.

By means of Project Work the students are exposed to life beyond textbooks giving them opportunities to refer materials, gather information, analyze it further to obtain relevant information and decide what matter to keep.

Objectives

After doing the Project Work in Business Studies, the students will be able to do the following:

  • develop a practical approach by using modern technologies in the field of business and management;
  • get an opportunity for exposure to the operational environment in the field of business management and related services;
  • inculcate important skills of team work, problem solving, time management, information collection, processing, analysing and synthesizing relevant information to derive meaningful conclusions
  • get involved in the process of research work; demonstrate his or her capabilities while working independently and
  • make studies an enjoyable experience to

CLASS XI: GUIDELINES FOR TEACHERS

This section provides some basic guidelines for the teachers to launch the projects in Business Studies. It is very necessary to interact, support, guide, facilitate and encourage students while assigning projects to them.

The teachers must ensure that the project work assigned to the students whether individually or in group are discussed at different stages right from assignment to drafts review and finalization. Students should be facilitated in terms of providing relevant

materials or suggesting websites, or obtaining required permissions from business houses, malls etc for their project. The periods assigned to the Project Work should be suitably spaced throughout the academic session. The teachers MUST ensure that the students actually go through the rigors and enjoy the process of doing the project rather than depending on any readymade material available commercially.

The following steps might be followed:

  1. Students must take any one topic during the academic session of Class
  2. The project may be done in a group or individually.
  3. The topic should be assigned after discussion with the students in the class and should then be discussed at every stage of submission of the draft/final project
  4. The teacher should play the role of a facilitator and should closely supervise the process of project
  5. The teachers must ensure that the student’s self esteem should go up, and he

/she should be able to enjoy this process.

  1. The project work for each term should culminate in the form of Power Point Presentation/Exhibition/ Skit before the entire class. This will help in developing ICT and communication skills among

The teacher should help students to identify any one project from the given topics.

  1. Project One: Field Visit

The objective of introducing this project among the students is to give a first hand experience to them regarding the different types of business units operating in their surroundings, to observe their features and activities and relate them to the theoretical knowledge given in their text books. The students should select a place of field visit from the following: – (Add more as per local area availability.)

  1. Visit to a Handicraft
  2. Visit to an
  3. Visit to a Whole sale market (vegetables, fruits, flowers, grains, garments, )
  4. Visit to a Departmental
  5. Visit to a

The following points should be kept in mind while preparing this visit.

  1. Select a suitable day free from rush/crowd with lean business
  2. The teacher must visit the place first and check out on logistics. It’s better to seek permission from the concerned business-
  3. Visit to be discussed with the students in They should be encouraged to prepare a worksheet containing points of observation and reporting.
  4. Students may carry their cameras (at their own risk) with prior permission for collecting evidence of their observations.

1. Visit to a Handicraft Unit

The purpose of visiting a Handicraft unit is to understand nature and scope of its business, stake holders involved and other aspects as outlined below

  1. The raw material and the processes used in the business: People /parties/firms from which they obtain their raw material.
  2. The market, the buyers, the middlemen, and the areas covered. c) The countries to which exports are
  3. Mode of payment to workers, suppliers
  4. Working
  5. Modernization of the process over a period of
  6. Facilities, security and training for the staff and
  7. Subsidies available/
  8. Any other aspect that the teachers deem

2. Visit to an Industry.

The students are required to observe the following:

  1. Nature of the business
  2. Determinants for location of business
  3. Form of business enterprise: Sole Proprietorship, Partnership, Undivided Hindu Family, Joint Stock Company (a Multinational Company).
  4. Different stages of production/process
  5. Auxiliaries involved in the
  6. Workers employed, method of wage payment, training programmes and facilities
  7. Social responsibilities discharged towards workers, investors, society, environment and
  8. Levels of
  9. Code of conduct for employers and
  10. Capital structure employed- borrowed v/s
  11. Quality control, recycling of defective
  12. Subsidies available/availed.
  13. Safety Measures
  14. Working conditions for labour in observation of Labour
  15. Storage of raw material and finished
  16. Transport management for employees, raw material and finished
  17. Functioning of various departments and coordination among them (Production, Human Resource, Finance and Marketing)
  18. Waste
  19. Any other

3. Visit to a whole sale market: vegetables/fruits/flowers/grains/garments etc.

The students are required to observe the following:

  1. Sources of
  2. Local market practices.
  3. Any linked up businesses like transporters, packagers, money lenders, agents,
  4. Nature of the goods dealt
  5. Types of buyers and
  6. Mode of the goods dispersed, minimum quantity sold, types of packaging
  7. Factors determining the price
  1. Seasonal factors (if any) affecting the
  2. Weekly/ monthly non-working days.
  3. Strikes, if any- causes
  4. Mode of payments.
  5. Wastage and disposal of dead
  6. Nature of price fluctuations, reason
  7. Warehousing facilities available\availed.
  8. Any other

4. Visit to a Departmental store

The students are required to observe the following:

  1. Different departments and their lay
  2. Nature of products offered for
  3. Display of fresh
  4. Promotional
  5. Spaces and
  6. Assistance by Sales
  7. Billing counter at store – Cash, Credit Card/ Debit Card, swipe Added attractions and facilities at the counter.
  8. Additional facilities offered to customers
  9. Any other relevant aspect.

5. Visit to a Mall.

The students are required to observe the following:

  1. Number of floors, shops occupied and
  2. Nature of shops, their ownership status
  3. Nature of goods dealt in: local brands, international brands,
  4. Service business shops- Spas, gym, saloons
  5. Rented spaces, owned spaces,
  6. Different types of promotional
  7. Most visited
  8. Special attractions of the Mall- Food court, Gaming zone or Cinema
  9. Innovative
  10. Parking Teachers may add more to the list.

II. Project Two: Case Study on a Product

  1. Take a product having seasonal growth and regular demand with which students can relate. For example,
    • Apples from Himachal Pradesh,
    • Oranges from Nagpur,
    • Mangoes from Maharashtra/U.P./Bihar/Andhra Pradesh
    • Strawberries from Panchgani,
    • Aloe vera from Rajasthan,
    • Walnuts/almonds from Kashmir,
    • Jackfruit from South,
    • Guavas from Allahabad,
  • Pineapples from North East India,
  • Tea from Assam,
  • Orchids from Sikkim and Meghalaya,
  • Pottery of Manipur,
  • Fishes from coastal

Students may develop a Case Study on the following lines:

  • Research for change in price of the For example, apples in Himachal Pradesh during plucking and non plucking season.
  • Effect on prices in the absence of effective transport
  • Effect on prices in the absence of suitable warehouse
  • Duties performed by the
  • Demand and supply situation of the product during harvesting season, prices near the place of origin and

Students may be motivated to find out the importance of producing and selling these products and their processed items along with the roles of Transport, Warehousing, Advertising, Banking, Insurance, Packaging, Wholesale selling, Retailing, Co-operative farming, Co-operative marketing etc.

The teacher may develop the points for other projects on similar lines for students to work on.

The teacher may assign this project as ‘group’ project and may give different products to different groups. It could conclude in the form of an exhibition.

III. Project Three: Aids to Trade

Taking any one AID TO TRADE, for example Insurance and gathering information on following aspects

  1. History of Insurance Lloyd’s
  2. Development of regulatory
  3. Insurance Companies in India
  4. Principles of
  5. Types of Importance of insurance to the businessmen.
  6. Benefits of crop, orchards, animal and poultry insurance to the
  7. Terminologies used (premium, face value, market value, maturity value, surrender value) and their
  8. Anecdotes and interesting cases of insurance. Reference of films depicting people committing fraudulent acts with insurance
  9. Careers in

Teachers to develop such aspects for other aids to trade.

IV. Project Four: Import /Export Procedure

Any one from the following

  1. Import /Export procedure

The students should identify a product of their city/country which is imported /exported. They are required to find the details of the actual import/export procedure. They may take help from the Chambers of Commerce, Banker, existing Importers/Exporters, etc.

They should find details of the procedure and link it with their Text knowledge.

The specimens of documents collected should be pasted in the Project file with brief description of each. They may also visit railway godowns/dockyards/ transport agencies and may collect pictures of the same.

Presentation and submission of project report.

At the end of the stipulated term, each student will prepare and submit his/her project report.

Following essentials are required to be fulfilled for its preparation and submission.

  1. The total project will be in a file format, consisting of the recordings of the value of shares and the
  2. The project will be
  3. The project will be presented in a neat
  4. The project report will be developed in the following sequence-
    • Cover page should project the title, student information, school and
    • List of
    • Acknowledgements and preface (acknowledging the institution, the news papers read, V. channels viewed, places visited and persons who have helped).
    • Topic with suitable
    • Planning and activities done during the project, if
    • Observations and findings while conducting the
    • News paper clippings to reflect the changes of share
    • Conclusions (summarised suggestions or findings, future scope of study).
    • Appendix (if needed).
    • Teachers
    • Teachers will initial preface
    • At the completion of the evaluation of the project, it will be punched in the centre so that the report cannot be reused but is available for reference
    • The projects will be returned after evaluation. The school may keep the best

V. Project Five: A visit to any State Emporium (other than your school state).

The purpose of this project is that it leads to –

  • Development of deeper understanding of the diversity of products in the states like Assam, Tripura, Nagaland, Mizoram, Manipur, Meghalaya, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Kerala, Chhatisgarh, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh and other states of the
  • Sensitization and orientation of students about other states, their trade, business and commerce,
  • Understanding the cultural and socio-economic aspects of the state by the students,
  • Developing the understanding of role of folk art, artisanship and craftsmanship of the state in its growth and economic development
  • Understanding the role of gifts of nature and natural produce in the development of trade, business and commerce
  • Understanding the role of vocational skills and abilities on the livelihood of artisans/ craftsman
  • Understanding of entrepreneurial skills and abilities of the artisans/craftsman
  • Understanding of the unemployment problem of the state and role of art and craft of the state in generating employment opportunities
  • Value aspect –
  • Sense of gratitude – by appreciating the contributions made by others in the betterment of our lives
  • Appreciating the dignity of work
  • Sensitivity towards social, cultural, ethnical and religious differences Benefits of social harmony and peace
  • Understanding and appreciating the unity in diversity in India
  • Appreciating differences in race, skin colour, languages, religion, habits, festivals, clothing coexistence

Presentation and Submission of Project Report

At the end of the stipulated term, each student will prepare and submit his/her project report.

Following essentials are required to be fulfilled for its preparation and submission.

  1. Nature of the business organisation (emporium)
  2. Determinants for location of the concerned emporium
  3. Is the space rented or owned
  4. Nature of the goods dealt in
  5. Sources of merchandise of the emporium
  6. Role of co-operative societies in the manufacturing and/or marketing of the merchandise
  7. Role of gifts of nature or natural produce in the development of goods/merchandise
  8. Types of buyers and sellers
  9. Modes of goods dispersed, minimum quantity sold and type of carrying bag or package used for delivery of the products sold
  10. Factors determining the pricing at the emporium
  11. Comparison between the prices of goods available at the emporium with the prices in the open Also highlight probable causes of variations if any.
  12. Kind of raw material available naturally, used in making the products
  13. The technique used in making the products e., hand made or machine made
  14. Has the child labour being used in making the products sold at the emporium
  15. Are the products eco-friendly, in terms of manufacturing, disposal and packing
  16. Seasonal factors if any affecting the business of the emporium
  17. Weekly/ Monthly non-working days
  18. Mode of billing and payments – Cash, Credit Card/ Debit Card, Swipe
  19. Does the emporium sell its merchandise in installment / deferred payment basis
  20. Do they provide home delivery and after sales
  21. Different types of promotional campaigns / schemes
  22. Assistance by Sales Personnel
  23. Export orientation of this emporium and procedure used
  24. Policies related to damaged/ returned goods
  25. Any government facility available to the emporium
  26. Warehousing facilities available / availed
  27. Impact of tourism on the business of emporium
  28. Additional facility offered to customers
  29. Any Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) assumed by the emporium
  30. Contribution made by the emporium to its locality

ASSESSMENT

The marks will be allocated on the following heads.

1 Initiative, cooperativeness and participation 2 Mark
2 Creativity in presentation 2 Mark
3 Content, observation and research work 4 Marks
4 Analysis of situations 4 Marks
5 Viva 8 Marks
Total 20 Marks

CLASS 12: GUIDELINES FOR TEACHERS

Students are supposed to select one unit out of four and are required to make only

ONE project from the selected unit. (Consist of one project of 20 marks)

  1. Help students to select any ONE Topic for the entire
  2. The topic should be assigned after discussion with the students in the class and should then be discussed at every stage of the submission of the

The teacher should play the role of a facilitator and should closely supervise the process of project completion. The teachers must ensure that the project work assigned to the students whether individually or in group are discussed at different stages right from assignment to drafts review and finalization. Students should be facilitated in terms of providing relevant materials or suggesting websites, or obtaining required permissions from business houses, malls etc for their project. The periods assigned to the Project Work should be suitably spaced throughout the academic session. The teachers MUST ensure that the student actually go through the rigors and enjoy the process of doing the project rather than depending on any readymade material available outside.

  1. The students must make a presentation of the project before the
  2. The teachers must ensure that the student’s self-esteem and creativity is enhanced and both the teacher and the student enjoy this
  3. The teachers should feel pride in the fact that they have explored the different dimensions of the project in an innovative way and their students have put in genuine work.

I. Project One: Elements of Business Environment

The teachers should help the students in selecting any one element of the following:

  1. Changes witnessed over the last few years on mode of packaging and its economic The teacher may guide the students to identify the following changes:
  2. The changes in transportation of fruits and vegetables such as cardboard crates being used in place of wooden crates, Reasons for above changes.
  3. Milk being supplied in glass bottles, later in plastic bags and now in tetra-pack and through vending
  4. Plastic furniture [doors and stools] gaining preference over wooden
  5. The origin of cardboard and the various stages of changes and
  6. Brown paper bags packing to recycled paper bags to plastic bags and cloth bags.
  7. Re use of packaging [bottles, jars and tins] to attract customers for their products.
  8. The concept of pyramid packaging for
  9. Cost being borne by the consumer/manufacturer.
  10. Packaging used as means of
  11. The reasons behind changes in the following:

Coca – Cola and Fanta in the seventies to Thums up and Campa Cola in the eighties to Pepsi and Coke in nineties.

The teacher may guide the students to the times when India sold Coca Cola and Fanta which were being manufactured in India by the foreign companies.

The students may be asked to enquire about

  1. Reasons of stopping the manufacturing of the above mentioned drinks in India
  2. The introduction of Thums up and Campa cola
  3. Re entry of Coke and introduction of Pepsi in the Indian
  4. Factors responsible for the
  5. Other linkages with the
  6. Leading brands and the company having the highest market
  7. Different local brands venturing in the Indian
  8. The rating of the above brands in the
  9. The survival and reasons of failure in competition with the international
  10. Other observations made by the students

The teacher may develop the following on the above lines

  1. Changing role of the women in the past 25 years relating to joint families, nuclear families, women as a bread earner of the family, changes in the requirement trend of mixers, washing machines, micro wave and standard of
  2. The changes in the pattern of import and export of different
  3. The trend in the changing interest rates and their effect on
  4. A study on child labour laws, its implementation and
  5. The state of ‘anti plastic campaign,’ the law, its effects and
  6. The laws of mining /setting up of industries, rules and regulations, licences required for running that
  7. Social factors affecting acceptance and rejection of an identified (Dish washer, Atta maker, etc)
  8. What has the effect of change in environment on the types of goods and services? The students can take examples like:
  9. Washing machines, micro waves, mixers and
  10. Need for crèche, day care centre for young and
  11. Ready to eat food, eating food outside, and tiffin
  1. Change in the man-machine ratio with technological advances resulting in change of cost
  2. Effect of changes in technological environment on the behaviour of

II. Project Two: Principles of Management

The students are required to visit any one of the following:

  1. A departmental
  2. An Industrial
  3. A fast food
  4. Any other organisation approved by the

They are required to observe the application of the general Principles of management advocated by Fayol.

Fayol’s principles

  1. Division of
  2. Unity of
  3. Unity of
  4. Scalar chain
  5. Espirit de corps
  6. Fair remuneration to
  7. Discipline
  8. Subordination of individual interest to general
  9. Centralisation and
  10. Stability of
  11. Authority and Responsibility OR

They may enquire into the application of scientific management techniques by F.W. Taylor in the unit visited.

Scientific techniques of management.

  1. Functional
  2. Standardisation and simplification of
  3. Method
  4. Motion
  5. Time
  6. Fatigue Study
  7. Differential piece rate

Tips to teacher

  • The teacher may organize this
  • The teacher should facilitate the students to identify any unit of their choice and guide them to identify the principles that are being
  • Similarly they should guide the students to identify the techniques of scientific management implemented in the
  • It may be done as a group
  • The observations could be on the basis of
    • The different stages of division of work resulting to
    • Following instructions and accountability of subordinates to higher
    • Visibility of order and equity in the unit.
    • Balance of authority and
    • Communication levels and pattern in the
    • Methods and techniques followed by the organisation for unity of direction and coordination amongst
    • Methods of wage payments The arrangements of fatigue study.
    • Derivation of time
    • Derivation and advantages of method
    • Organisational chart of functional
    • Any other identified in the organisation
  1. It is advised that students should be motivated to pick up different areas of visit. As presentations of different areas in the class would help in better understanding to the other
  • The students may be encouraged to develop worksheets. Teachers should help students to prepare observation tools to be used for undertaking the

Examples; worksheets, questionnaire, interviews and organisational chart etc.

III. Project Three: Stock Exchange

The purpose of this project is to teach school students the values of investing and utilising the stock market. This project also teaches important lessons about the economy, mathematics and financial responsibility.

The basis of this project is to learn about the stock market while investing a specified amount of fake money in certain stocks. Students then study the results and buy and sell as they see fit.

This project will also guide the students and provide them with the supplies necessary to successfully monitor stock market trends and will teach students how to calculate profit and loss on stock.

The project work will enable the students to:

  • understand the topics like sources of business finance and capital market
  • understand the concepts used in stock exchange
  • inculcate the habit of watching business channels, reading business journals/newspapers and seeking information from their

The students are expected to:

  1. Develop a brief report on History of Stock Exchanges in (your country)
  2. Prepare a list of at least 25 companies listed on a Stock
  3. To make an imaginary portfolio totalling a sum of 50,000 equally in any of the 5 companies of their choice listed above over a period of twenty working days.

The students may be required to report the prices of the stocks on daily basis and present it diagrammatically on the graph paper.

  • They will understand the weekly holidays and the holidays under the Negotiable Instruments

They will also come across with terms like closing prices, opening prices, etc.

  • During this period of recording students are supposed to distinctively record the daily and starting and closing prices of the week other days under the negotiable instrument act so that they acquire knowledge about closing and opening
  • The students may conclude by identifying the causes in the fluctuations of Normally it would be related to the front page news of the a business journal, for example,
  • Change of
  • Spread of epidemic.
  • Strikes and accidents
  • Natural and human
  • Political
  • Lack of faith in the government
  • Impact of changes in government policies for specific
  • International
  • Contract and treaties at the international
  • Relations with the neighbouring
  • Crisis in developed countries,

The students are expected to find the value of their investments and accordingly rearrange their portfolio. The project work should cover the following aspects;

  1. Graphical presentation of the share prices of different companies on different
  2. Change in market value of shares due to change of seasons, festivals, natural and human
  3. Change in market value of shares due to change in political environment/ policies of various countries/crisis in developed countries or any other reasons
  4. Identify the top ten companies out of the 25 selected on the basis of their market value of

It does not matter if they have made profits or losses.

IV. Project Four: Marketing

  1. Adhesives
  2. Air conditioners
  3. Baby diapers
  4. Bathing Soap
  5. Bathroom cleaner
  6. Bike
  7. Blanket
  8. Body Spray
  9. Bread
  10. Breakfast cereal
  11. Butter
  12. Camera
  13. Car
  14. Cheese spreads
  15. Chocolate
  16. Coffee
  17. Cosmetology product
  18. Crayons
  19. Crockery
  1. Cutlery
  2. Cycle
  3. DTH
  4. Eraser
  5. e-wash
  6. Fairness cream
  7. Fans
  8. Fruit candy
  9. Furniture
  10. Hair Dye
  11. Hair Oil
  12. Infant dress
  13. Inverter
  14. Jams
  15. Jeans
  16. Jewellery
  17. Kurti
  18. Ladies bag
  19. Ladies footwear
  1. Learning Toys
  2. Lipstick
  3. Microwave oven
  4. Mixers
  5. Mobile
  6. Moisturizer
  7. Music player
  8. Nail polish
  9. Newspaper
  10. Noodles
  11. Pen
  12. Pen drive
  13. Pencil
  14. Pickles
  15. Razor
  16. Ready Soups
  17. Refrigerator
  18. RO system
  19. Roasted snacks
  20. Salt
  1. Sarees
  2. Sauces/ Ketchup
  3. Shampoo
  4. Shaving cream
  5. Shoe polish
  6. Shoes
  7. Squashes
  8. Suitcase/ airbag
  9. Sunglasses
  10. Tea
  11. Tiffin Wallah
  12. Toothpaste
  13. Wallet
  14. Washing detergent
  15. Washing machine
  16. Washing powder
  17. Water bottle
  18. Water storage tank
  19. Wipes

Any more as suggested by the teacher.

The teacher must ensure that the identified product should not be items whose consumption/use is discouraged by the society and government like alcohol products/pan masala and tobacco products, etc.

Identify one product/service from the above which the students may like to manufacture/provide [pre-assumption].

Now the students are required to make a project on the identified product/service keeping in mind the following:

  1. Why have they selected this product/service?
  2. Find out ‘5’ competitive brands that exist in the
  3. What permission and licences would be required to make the product?
  4. What are your competitors Unique Selling Proposition.[U.S.P.]?
  5. Does your product have any range give details?
  6. What is the name of your product?
  7. Enlist its
  8. Draw the ‘Label’ of your
  9. Draw a logo for your product.
  10. Draft a tag
  11. What is the selling price of your competitor’s product?
  • Selling price to consumer
  • Selling price to retailer
  • Selling price to wholesaler

What is the profit margin in percentage to the

  1. How will your product be packaged?
  2. Which channel of distribution are you going to use? Give reasons for selection?
  3. Decisions related to warehousing, state
  4. What is going to be your selling price?
    • To consumer
    • To retailer
    • To wholesaler
  5. List 5 ways of promoting your
  6. Any schemes for
    • The wholesaler
    • The retailer
    • The consumer
  7. What is going to be your ‘U.S.P?
  8. What means of transport you will use and why?
  9. Draft a social message for your label.
  10. What cost effective techniques will you follow for your
  11. What cost effective techniques will you follow for your promotion

At this stage the students will realise the importance of the concept of marketing mix and the necessary decision regarding the four P’s of marketing.

  • Product
  • Place
  • Price
  • Promotion

On the basis of the work done by the students the project report should include the following:

  1. Type of product /service identified and the (consumer/industries) process involve there
  2. Brand name and the
  3. Range of the
  4. Identification mark or
  5. Labeling and
  6. Price of the product and basis of price
  7. Selected channels of distribution and reasons
  8. Decisions related to transportation and State reasons.
  9. Promotional techniques used and starting reasons for deciding the particular
  10. Grading and

Presentation and Submission of Project Report

At the end of the stipulated term, each student will prepare and submit his/her project report.

Following essentials are required to be fulfilled for its preparation and submission.

  1. The total length of the project will be of 25 to 30
  2. The project should be
  3. The project should be presented in a neat
  4. The project report should be developed in the following sequence-
    • Cover page should include the title of the Project, student information, school and
  • List of
  • Acknowledgements and preface (acknowledging the institution, the places visited and the persons who have helped).
  • Topic with suitable
  • Planning and activities done during the project, if
  • Observations and findings of the
  • Conclusions (summarized suggestions or findings, future scope of study).
  • Photographs (if any).
  • Appendix
  • Teacher’s
  • Signatures of the
  • At the completion of the evaluation of the project, it should be punched in the centre so that the report may not be reused but is available for reference
  • The project will be returned after The school may keep the best projects.

ASSESSMENT

Allocation of Marks = 20 Marks

The marks will be allocated under the following heads:

1 Initiative, cooperativeness and participation 2 Mark
2 Creativity in presentation 2 Mark
3 Content, observation and research work 4 Marks
4 Analysis of situations 4 Marks
5 Viva 8 Marks
Total 20 Marks

Suggested Question Paper Design Business Studies (Code No. 054) Class 12 (2023-24)

March 2023 Examination

Marks: 80 Duration: 3 hrs.

SN Typology of Questions Marks Percentage
 

 

 

1

Remembering and Understanding:

Exhibit memory of previously learned material by recalling facts, terms, basic concepts, and answers.

Demonstrate understanding of facts and ideas by organizing, comparing, translating, interpreting, giving descriptions, and stating main ideas

 

 

 

44

 

 

 

55%

 

2

Applying: Solve problems to new situations by applying acquired knowledge, facts, techniques and rules in a different way  

19

 

23.75%

 

 

 

 

3

Analysing, Evaluating and Creating:

Examine and break information into parts by identifying motives or causes. Make inferences and find evidence to support generalizations.

Present and defend opinions by making judgments about information, validity of ideas, or quality of work based on a set of criteria.

Compile information together in a different way by combining elements in a new pattern or proposing alternative solutions.

 

 

 

 

17

 

 

 

 

21.25%

Total 80 100%

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FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)

1. What is Business Studies?

Business Studies is a subject that deals with all the knowhow of how an organisation works. Starting from the basic principles to the management and economics of a business, every aspect is covered in this subject.

2. What exactly does CBSE Class 12 Business Studies teach students?

Business Studies of CBSE-affiliated schools can help Class 12 students learn about the fundamentals of a business and raise entrepreneurial spirits. It also teaches about the concepts and ideas that make a business run smoothly.

3. Is Business Studies an important subject in Class 12 CBSE?

Many students may wrongly judge Business Studies to be less important than the other subjects in commerce background such as Accountancy, Commerce Studies, etc. However, Business Studies can fetch students an idea of an ideal business environment.

4. Is Business Studies tough?

Well, all that can be said is the subject is not that easy, and it is a good choice for higher  studies. Many students find it difficult to handle and so one can register with the right institute for appropriate guidance to perform well and achieve high grades.