Gender Religion And Caste Class 10 Solutions

Civics is an academic subject that studies the duties and rights of diverse members of society. The term civics refers to behaviour that impacts other people, especially in the context of urban development. Students may learn how others participate in civics and how to participate and take informed action.

NCERT Class 10 Civics Chapter 4 is Gender, Religion and Caste. Chapter 4, Gender, Religion and Caste provides an overview of the various forms of social divides in the country, including those based on religion, gender, and caste. The impact of these three fragments on all social distinctions among the people and how they affect our country’s politics will be discussed in this lesson. Students will learn more about gender equality among people and other vital issues such as communal differences, inequality, and much more from this chapter. They can also receive insight into the government’s efforts to fill up all the holes in the Constitution’s provisions.

Students must grasp the NCERT Solutions to achieve more remarkable results in the Class 10 board examination. Extramarks lends a helping hand by introducing Gender Religion and Caste Class 10 NCERT Solutions. These Gender Religion and Caste Class 10 Questions and Answers make it so much easier for students to get a hold of all the critical aspects of the chapter. 

Not just Gender Religion and Caste Question Answers, Extramarks is a powerhouse of quality study material. Material such as NCERT books, CBSE revision notes, CBSE sample papers, CBSE previous year question papers, and more can be easily found on the Extramarks website for all classes.

Key Topics Covered in Gender Religion And Caste Class 10 Solutions

Mentioning below all the key topics that are covered in Gender Religion and Caste Class 10 Solutions:

Gender and Politics
Religion, Communalism, and Politics
Caste and Politics

Let us look at Extramarks in-depth information on each subtopic in Gender Religion and Caste Class 10 Solutions.

Gender and Politics

The gender divide is commonly perceived as something natural and unchangeable. It is based on societal expectations and preconceptions rather than biology.

Public/Private Divisions

The chapter Gender Religion and Caste describes the outcome of this division of labour. While accounting for half of humankind, women have little role in public life, particularly politics, in most nations. Only men were previously permitted to engage in public affairs, vote, or run for public office. Finally, however, the gender problem was gradually discussed in politics. It advocated that women’s political and legal standing be improved and their educational and employment prospects. Feminist movements are movements in that women start to achieve equality in personal and family life. 

Women’s participation in public life has improved due to the political expression of the gender divide and political mobilisation. However, because India is a patriarchal, male-dominated country, women experience a variety of disadvantages, discrimination, and oppression. The chapter Gender Religion and Caste Class 10 throws light on the matter:

  • Women have a literacy rate of just 54%, but males have a literacy rate of 76%.
  • Every day, an Indian woman works one hour more than an average man, but much of her labour is unpaid. Equal pay for equal effort is mandated by the Equal Remuneration Act of 1976.
  • In India, sex-selective abortion reduced the child-to-mother ratio (number of girls children per thousand boys).
  • Women have been particularly vulnerable in urban environments.

Women’s Political Representation

Women’s issues are not given the attention and value they deserve. Many feminists and women’s groups have concluded that their concerns will not be adequately addressed unless women have power. The first time in the Indian Lok Sabha, elected women comprised 12% of the total membership in 2014. However, their representation in state legislatures is still less than 5%.

Having fair women representation amongst the elected authorities is one good way to address women’s issues. 33 % of seats in local government bodies are designated for women in Panchayats and Municipalities. There are now over 10 lakh elected women legislators in rural and urban local governments. Gender division is an example of how politics must reflect some societal divide. This also demonstrates that disadvantaged groups benefit when socio-economic divides become a political issue.

Refer to Extramarks Gender Religion and Caste Class 10 Solutions and get a brief understanding of Women’s political representation. Extramarks experts have prepared these solutions for students to excel in their upcoming examinations.

Religion, Communalism, and Politics

Religion 

Religious divisions frequently express themselves in the political sphere. For example, some people follow several different religions in India. Being members of a religious community, people should be allowed to voice their needs, interests, and demands in politics.

Communalism

Using religion in politics qualifies as communal politics. It can be further explained as:

  • When one religion’s beliefs are portrayed as superior to those of others.
  • When one religious group’s demands overlap with those of other religious groups.
  • When governmental authority is used to establish one religious group’s dominance over the others.

In politics, communalism can take several forms, as seen below:

  • However, religious biases, preconceptions about religious groups, and confidence in the superiority of one’s faith over other religions are the most common expressions of communalism in daily beliefs.
  • A communal mindset frequently leads to a political desire to rule over one’s religious community.
  • Sacred symbols, emotional appeal, religious leaders, and simple terror are used in religious and political mobilisation to bring followers of one faith together in the political arena.
  • Communalism can sometimes take the most disgusting form of community violence, massacres, and riots. During  partition, India and Pakistan saw some of the deadliest communal riots in history.

Secular State

India is a democratic and secular country. Extramarks Gender Religion and Caste Class 10 Solutions explains some of the characteristics of India’s secular states:

  • The Indian state does not have an official religion.
  • Individuals and communities have the right to profess, practise, and propagate any religion or to refuse to follow any.
  • The Constitution prohibits discrimination based on religion.
  • The Constitution empowers the government to interfere in religious affairs to maintain religious equality. Untouchability, for example, is prohibited.

Caste and Politics

Politics and caste both have positive and negative elements. In Gender Religion and Caste Class 10 Solutions we have given below scenarios:

Caste Inequalities

In most societies, jobs are passed down from generation to generation. The caste system is an extreme example. Members of the same caste were traditionally intended to establish a social community that performed the same or similar occupations and married within the caste group. But, according to this system, they did not eat with members of other caste groups.

The traditional conceptions of the Caste Hierarchy are collapsing due to economic progress, large-scale urbanisation, increased literacy and education, job mobility, and the weakening of landowners’ positions in communities. In addition, the Indian Constitution prohibited caste-based discrimination and set the groundwork for programmes to correct the system’s inequalities.

Caste in Politics

In politics, caste can take several forms:

  • When political parties pick their candidates or create governments, they usually ensure that members from many castes and tribes are included.
  • To win elections, political parties and politicians appeal to caste sentiments.
  • Because the ‘one man, one vote’ system or adult franchise has made the voter extremely powerful, political parties highlight caste-based problems during elections to obtain political support.
  • Lower castes have become more aware of their voting rights and powers thanks to political parties.

Caste matters in elections, but it is not everything. Other additional elements influence election outcomes. For example, during elections, the public’s opinion of the government’s performance and the popularity of its leaders are taken into account. Take a look at the following points by Extramarks Gender Religion and Caste Class 10 Solutions:

  • To win elections, candidates and parties must gain the support of several castes and communities.
  • None of the political parties can win the votes of all caste or community voters.
  • Many voters have no candidates from their caste, while others have many candidates from their community.
  • The ruling party and the existing MP or MLA change whenever new elections are held.

Politics in Caste

By putting caste identities and systems into the political sphere, politics impacts them. Here are a few examples that back this up:

  • Each caste group wants to grow by acquiring neighbouring castes or sub-castes.
  • Various caste groupings are created, and then they engage in communication and negotiation with other castes or communities.
  • New caste groupings have emerged in the political arena, such as ‘backward’ and ‘progressive’ caste groups.

As a result, caste plays various functions in politics. Caste separation may lead to tensions, conflict, and even bloodshed in some circumstances.

Gender Religion And Caste Class 10 Solutions NCERT Solutions Article Links

The main objective of Extramarks  is to  provide study material to the students. A significant step towards it is the NCERT Solutions prepared by subject experts. These solutions have been designed for each chapter and can be found on the Extramarks website. Click on the below links to view NCERT Solutions For  Gender Religion and Caste Class 10 Solutions:

Class 10 Civics Chapter 4: Very Short Answer Type Questions

Class 10 Civics Chapter 4: Short Answer Type Questions

Class 10 Civics Chapter 4: Long Answer Type Questions

Students may access  Gender Religion and Caste Class 10 Solutions and other chapters by clicking here. In addition, students can also explore NCERT Solutions for other classes below.

NCERT Class 10 Social Science Books Available for:
NCERT Solutions Class 10 Social Science – Understanding Economic Development
NCERT Solutions Class 10 Social Science – India and the Contemporary World
NCERT Solutions Class 10 Social Science – Contemporary India

By getting access to Gender Religion and Caste Class 10 Solutions, students can easily understand all the concepts relating to Gender, Religion, and Caste.

Key Features of Gender Religion And Caste Class 10 Solutions 

As mentioned earlier, Extramarks is a powerhouse of good study material. The solutions found on the Extramarks website are beneficial for the students in their upcoming board examinations. Don’t believe us; try for yourself. Giving you some reasons why you should choose Extramarks:

  • Extramarks has put together the most crucial information on this topic based on the NCERT guidelines.
  • These solutions have been prepared systematically to help students understand critical topics easily and have higher recall value.
  • Once students go through these solutions, confidence is instilled in them.

Q.1 Mention different aspects of life in which women are discriminated or disadvantaged in India.

Ans-

India is a patriarchal country; therefore women face discrimination and are disadvantaged in the following ways –

  • Literacy rate of women is only 56% whereas for men it is 76%. Only a small number of girls go for higher studies. Though their performance is as good as boys but parents prefer to spend their resources on the education of boys.
  • The proportion of women working on highly paid jobs is very low. An average woman works one hour more than an average man in a day, yet women get less pay. Moreover, their work is not valued.
  • The Equal Wages Act states that all persons should get equal pay for equal work. But women are paid less in all areas of work including sports and cinema.
  • Even today, people in India prefer to have sons over daughters. Therefore, they find ways of aborting the girl child. Such sex-selective abortions have declined child sex ratio (number of girl children per thousand boys).

Q.2 State different forms of communal politics with one example each.

Ans-

Communalism can take various forms in politics:

  • The most common form of communalism is the belief in the superiority of one’s religion over the others. This usually involves religious prejudices and stereotypes of religious communities. This is so common that it often goes unnoticed.
  • A communal mentality leads to a quest for political dominance of one’s own religious community. For those belonging to majority community, this takes the form of majoritarian dominance. For people belonging to minority communities, it can take the form of a desire to form a separate political unit.
  • Another form of communalism is political mobilization on religious lines. This involves the use of religious symbols, spiritual leaders, emotional appeal and plain fear in order to bring the followers of one religion together in the political arena. In electoral politics this leads to people voting for a candidate from their own community.
  • Sometimes communalism takes its most ugly form of communal violence, riots and massacre. Some of the worst communal riots were witnessed during the India-Pakistan partition. Even in the post-independence era, several communal riots have taken place.

Q.3 State how caste inequalities are still continuing in India.

Ans-

Caste inequalities still persist in India in the following forms –

  • Most people marry within their own caste or tribe. Despite constitutional prohibition, untouchability is still practiced in different forms. Effects of centuries can be seen even today.
  • Caste groups that were given access to education under the old system have performed well in acquiring modern education. The caste groups that were prohibited from acquiring education in the past, still lag behind in education. As a result, there is a disproportionately large presence of ‘upper caste’ among the urban middle classes in our country. Even today, caste is closely linked to economic status.
  • Caste is the main cause of economic inequality because it regulates access to resources of various kinds. For example, in the past, the so-called ‘untouchable’ castes were denied the right to own land, while only the so-called ‘twice born’ castes had the right to education. Although this kind of inequality is now outlawed, the effects of centuries of accumulated advantages and disadvantages continue to be felt.

Q.4 State two reasons to say that caste alone cannot determine election results in India.

Ans-

While caste matters in electoral politics, but it alone cannot determine the outcome of the results. There are many other factors that determine the election results like –

  • Voters have strong attachment to political parties which is often stronger than their attachment to their caste or community.
  • People within the same caste or community have varying interests depending on their economic condition. Rich and poor or men and women from the same caste may vote very differently.
  • People’s assessment of the performance of the government and the popularity rating of the leaders matter and are often decisive in elections.

Q.5 What is the status of women’s representation in India’s legislative bodies?

Ans-

  • In India, the proportion of women in legislature has been very low. The percentage of elected women members in Lok Sabha has never reached even 10 percent of its total strength. Their share in the state assemblies is less than 5 percent. In this respect, India is among the bottom group of nations in the world.
  • India is behind the averages for several developing countries of Africa and Latin America. In the government, cabinets are largely all-male even when a woman becomes the Chief Minister or the Prime Minister.
  • In the Panchayati Raj, one-third of seats in local government bodies – in panchayats and municipalities – are now reserved for women. Now there are more than 10 lakh elected women representatives in rural and urban local bodies.
  • Women’s organisations and activists are demanding a similar reservation of at least one-third of seats in the Lok Sabha and State Assemblies for women.
  • A bill with this proposal has been pending before the Parliament for more than a decade. But there is no consensus over this among all the political parties. The bill has not been passed.

Q.6 Mention any two constitutional provisions that make India a secular state.

Ans-

The makers of our constitution realised that communalism was a major challenge for the success of democracy. Therefore, they chose a model of a secular state. Two of the constitutional provisions that make India a secular state are –

  • There is no official religion for the Indian state. Unlike the status of Buddhism in Sri Lanka, Christianity in England and that of Islam in Pakistan, our Constitution does not give a special status to any religion.
  • The Constitution provides to all individuals and communities freedom to profess, practice and propagate any religion, or not to follow any.

Q.7 When we speak of gender divisions, we usually refer to:
(a) Biological difference between men and women
(b) Unequal roles assigned by the society to men and women
(c) Unequal child sex ratio
(d) Absence of voting rights for women in democracies

Ans-

(b) Unequal roles assigned by the society to men and women

Q.8 In India, seats are reserved for women in:
(a) Lok Sabha
(b) State legislative assemblies
(c) Cabinets
(d) Panchayati Raj bodies

Ans-

(d) Panchayati Raj bodies

Q.9 Consider the following statements on the meaning of communal politics. Communal politics is based on the belief that:
A. One religion is superior to that of others.
B. People belonging to different religions can live together happily as equal citizens.
C. Followers of a particular religion constitute one community.
D. State power cannot be used to establish the domination of one religious group over others.

Which of the statements is/are correct?

  1. A,B,C and D
  1. A,B and D
  1. A and C
  1. B and D

Ans-

4) B and D

Q.10 Which of the following statements about India’s Constitution is wrong? It
(a) prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion.
(b) gives official status to one religion.
(c) provides to all individuals freedom to profess any religion.
(d) ensures equality of citizens within religious communities.

Ans-

(b) gives official status to one religion

Q.11 Social divisions based on _________ are peculiar to India.

Ans-

Social divisions based on caste are peculiar to India.

Q.12 Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the Lists:

List I List II
1. A person who believes in equal rights and opportunities for women and men
  1. Communalist
2. A person who says that religion is the principal basis of community
  1. Feminist
3. A person who thinks that caste is the principal basis of community
  1. Secularist
4. A person who does not discriminate others on the basis of religious beliefs
  1. Castiest
1 2 3 4
(a) B C A D
(b) B A D C
(c) D C A B
(d) C A B D

Ans-

(b)

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NCERT Class 10 Social Science Chapterwise Solutions

Chapter 1 - Power Sharing

Chapter 2 - Federalism

Chapter 3 - Democracy and Diversity

Chapter 5 - Popular Struggles and Movements

Chapter 6 - Political Parties

Chapter 7 - Outcomes of Democracy

Chapter 8 - Challenges to Democracy

FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)

The chapter’s main themes include gender, religion, and caste. The chapter demonstrates how gender, religion, and caste create stratification and disparities in society. Several clauses in the Constitution and several laws encourage equality among various groups. However, as the tales in this chapter demonstrate, people’s experiences in actual life differ from the ideal of equality.

Before beginning this chapter, students should be familiar with gender, religion, caste, discrimination, and equality. If not, they can refer to Extramarks and learn the subject. The next step should be to read the chapter properly. The chapter contains several anecdotes that will help you comprehend the various expressions of inequality in society. In a notepad, jot down important notes and what the narrative is trying to portray. Then, reread the notes several times and practise writing the responses.