Class 12 Physics Chapter 5 NCERT Solutions gives students a brief understanding of the important questions and the best ways to answer them. They help students in understanding the concepts detailed in the chapter and prepare them for any upcoming examination. Using NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics Chapter 5, students can easily understand the briefly explained concepts and attempt all questions in exams, including numerical problems.
Key Topics Covered In NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 5
NCERT Class 12 Physics Chapter 5 details Magnetism and matter. Some of the important questions from this topic are based on bar magnet, Gauss’ law, magnetic properties of different materials, permanent magnets, etc. The NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 5 Magnets is equally divided into all sub-sections of the chapter and is briefly explained below.
5.1 Introduction
Magnetism is a force produced by moving electric charges. The phenomenon is associated with magnetic fields, and this motion can take many forms. Depending on the object and associated magnetic field, it can be an attractive or repulsive force.
5.2 The Bar Magnet
A bar magnet is a rectangular piece of an object made of iron, steel, or other ferromagnetic substance or composite, indicating everlasting magnetic properties.
5.2.1 The magnetic field lines
These are visible tools used to symbolise magnetic fields. They describe the path of the magnetic force on a north monopole at any given position. The density of the lines suggests the magnitude of the field. The magnetic field is more potent and crowded close to the poles of a magnet.
5.2.2 Bar Magnet as an equivalent solenoid
- A solenoid is an extended coil of circular loops of insulated copper wire. Magnetic field lines are produced across the solenoid while a current is authorised to flow via it. The magnetic field produced with the aid of using it’s far much like the magnetic field of a bar magnet.
- The field lines produced in a current-carrying solenoid are proven withinside the above figure. When the north pole of a bar magnet is introduced close to the end connected to the battery’s negative terminal, the solenoid repels the bar magnet.
- Since poles repel each other, the end connected to the battery’s negative terminal behaves like the North Pole of the solenoid, and the alternative end behaves like the South Pole. Hence, one end of the solenoid behaves because of the North Pole, and the alternative end behaves like the South Pole.
5.2.3 The dipole in a uniform magnetic field
When a magnetic rod (which may be taken as a magnetic dipole) is saved in a uniform magnetic field, the North Pole senses a force equal to the multiplication of the magnetic field intensity and the pole strength withinside the magnetic field direction.
5.2.4 The electrostatic analogue
Let’s evaluate the equation derived above with the equations of the electric dipole in an electric field. We find that the magnetic field because of a bar magnet at a massive distance is similar to that of an electric dipole in an electric powered field.
5.3 Magnetism and Gauss’ law
Gauss’ law for Magnetism states that the magnetic flux through any closed surface is zero; this law is consistent with the commentary that remote magnetic poles (monopoles) no longer exist.
5.4 The earth’s magnetism
Earth’s Magnetism is generated via convection currents of molten iron and nickel within the earth’s core. These currents bring streams of charged particles and generate magnetic fields.
5.4.1 Magnetic declination and dip
It is the angle between the path of the overall magnetic field of the earth and a horizontal line in the magnetic meridian.
5.5 Magnetisation and magnetic intensity
The magnetic intensity defines the forces that the poles of a magnet report in a magnetic field, while the intensity of magnetisation explains the alternate withinside the magnetic moment of a magnet per unit volume.
5.6 Magnetic properties of materials
Property 1: Intensity of magnetisation (I): The electrons circulating around the nucleus have a magnetic moment. When the material isn’t magnetised, the magnetic dipole moment sums as much as 0. When the material is stored in an outside magnetic field, the magnetic moments are aligned in a specific direction, and the material receives a net non-zero dipole moment. The net dipole moment in keeping with unit volume is described as magnetisation or intensity of magnetisation.
Property 2: Magnetic Field (H) or Magnetic intensity: The magnetic field produced simplest with the aid of using the electrical current flowing in a solenoid is known as the magnetic intensity. It is the external magnetic field that induces magnetic property in a material.
Property 3: Magnetic susceptibility: When a material is positioned in an external magnetic field, the material receives magnetisation. For a small magnetising field, the intensity of magnetisation (I) received with the aid of using the material is without delay proportional to the magnetic field (H).
I ∝ H
I = χmH, χm is the susceptibility of the material.
Property 4: Retentivity: The capacity of a material to hold or withstand magnetisation is known as retentivity.
Property 5: Coercivity: The coercivity of a material is the capacity to face up to the outside magnetic field without becoming demagnetised.
5.6.1 Diamagnetism
Diamagnetism is a completely susceptible form of Magnetism that is brought about with the aid of using an alternate withinside the orbital movement of electrons because of an implemented magnetic field. This Magnetism is nonpermanent and persists only withinside the presence of an external field.
5.6.2 Paramagnetism
Paramagnetism is a form of Magnetism wherein a few substances are weakly attracted with the aid of using an externally implemented magnetic field and form internal, brought about magnetic fields withinside the direction of the implemented magnetic field.
5.6.3 Ferromagnetism
Ferromagnetism is a type of Magnetism that is related to iron, cobalt, nickel, and a few alloys or compounds containing one or extra of those elements. It additionally happens in gadolinium and some different rare-earth elements.
5.7 Permanent Magnets and electromagnets
Similarities:
Both the magnets own imaginary magnetic field lines. The magnets have the north and south poles, whose conduct relies upon the geographic north pole and south pole of the earth. Both the magnets showcase the properties of Magnetism.
Differences between Permanent Magnet and Electromagnet:
| Permanent (Bar) Magnet |
Electromagnet |
| They are completely magnetised. |
These are briefly magnetised. |
| These are typically products of tough substances. |
They are typically products of tender substances. |
| The strength of the magnetic field line is consistent, i.e. it can’t be numerous. |
The strength of the magnetic field lines may be numerous in step with our needs. |
| The poles of a Permanent magnet can’t be changed. |
The poles of an electromagnet may be altered. |
| An example of an everlasting magnet is a Bar Magnet
. |
An example of a temporary magnet is a solenoid wounded throughout a nail and connected to a battery. |
NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 5 Current Electricity – Article Link
This Solution set for Chapter 5 Physics Class 12 is prepared by subject matter experts at Extramarks. The Solution also contains numerical problems and important theoretical questions from previous year’s question papers, NCERT textbooks and study guides. For scoring good marks, students may refer to the study materials given below.
Click on the below links to view NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 5:
- NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 5: Exercise 5.1
- NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 5: Exercise 5.2
- NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 5: Exercise 5.2.1
- NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 5: Exercise 5.2.2
- NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 5: Exercise 5.2.3
- NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 5: Exercise 5.2.4
- NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 5: Exercise 5.3
- NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 5: Exercise 5.4
- NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 5: Exercise 5.4.1
- NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 5: Exercise 5.5
- NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 5: Exercise 5.6
- NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 5: Exercise 5.6.1
- NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 5: Exercise 5.6.2
- NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 5: Exercise 5.6.3
- NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 5: Exercise 5.7
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Key Features of NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 5
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