Q:
Give two examples of periodic motion.
A:
- In a simple pendulum, the bob repeats its motion at a certain time interval. This motion is known as periodic motion.
- The motion of a swing repeats its motion at a certain time interval. Thus, a girl sitting on a swing has periodic motion.
Q:
Arrange the following lengths in their increasing magnitude: 1 metre, 1 centimetre, 1 kilometre,1 millimetre.
A:
On converting all the given measures in millimetres (mm), we get
1 cm = 10 mm
1 m = 100 cm = 1000 mm
1 km = 1000 m = 100000 cm = 1000000 mm
So, the lengths in increasing order of magnitude can be written as,
1 millimetre < 1 centimetre < 1 metre < 1 kilometre
Q:
Write the similarities and differences between the motion of a bicycle and a ceiling fan that has been switched on.
A:
Similarities: The blades of the fan and the wheels of the bicycle are attached at a fixed point. Secondly, both have circular motion about their respective fixed points.
Differences: The blades of the fan have circular motion while the bicycle has linear motion. Secondly, the motion of the blades of a fan is periodic while the motion of a bicycle is rectilinear motion.
Q:
While measuring the length of a knitting needle, the reading of the scale at one end is 3.0 cm and at the other end is 33.1 cm. What is the length of the needle?
A:
Given, reading at one end = 3.0 cm
reading at the other end = 33.1 cm
The length of the knitting needle can be calculated by subtracting 33.1 cm by 3.0 cm.
length of the knitting needle = 33.1 cm – 3.0 cm = 30.1 cm
Hence, the length of the knitting needle would be 30.1 cm.
Q:
The distance between Radha’s home and her school is 3250 m. Express this distance into km.
A:
Q:
The height of a person is 1.65 m. Express this in cm and mm.
A:
Given, height of the person = 1.65 m
As, 100 cm = 1 m
So, height of the person in cm = 1.65 × 100 cm = 165 cm
Also, 1000 mm = 1 m
So, height of the person in mm = 1.65 × 1000 cm = 1650 mm
Q:
Why can a pace or a footstep not be used as a standard unit of length?
A:
The size of the foot is not same of each person. When footsteps of two people are used to measure the length, the two distances may not be equal. Therefore, footstep is not a constant quantity and cannot be used as a standard unit of length.
Q:
Why would you not like to use a measuring tape made of an elastic material like rubber to measure distance? What would be some of the problems you would meet in telling someone about a distance you measured with such a tape?
A:
An elastic measuring tape is not a suitable measuring scale because it can be stretched. In this case, the measured length would not be correct. If you measure the length of an object twice using an elastic tape, then you may get different values of the same length.
Q:
Give two examples each, of modes of transport used on land, water and air
A:
Modes of transport used on land: Cars and trains
Modes of transport used on water: Ships and boats
Modes of transport used in air: Airplanes and helicopters
Q:
Fill in the blanks: (i) One metre is ______________ cm. (ii) Five kilometre is ______________ m. (iii)Motion of a child on a swing is ______________. (iv) Motion of the needle of a sewing machine is ______________. (v) Motion of wheel of a bicycle is______________.
A:
(i) One metre is 100 cm.
Explanation: There are 100 cm in 1 m.
(ii) Five kilometres is 5000 m.
Explanation: There are 1000 m in 1 km.
So, 5 km = 5 × 1000 m = 5000 m
(iii) Motion of a child on a swing is periodic.
Explanation: At a certain time interval, the motion of a swing repeats itself. Hence, it is an example of periodic motion.
(iv) Motion of the needle of a sewing machine is periodic.
Explanation: The needle of a sewing machine moves up and down frequently in a certain time interval. So, it is an example of periodic motion.
(v) Motion of the wheel of a bicycle is circular.
Explanation: The wheel of a bicycle rotates about a fixed point as the bicycle moves. Thus, it is an example of circular motion.
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