NCERT Solutions Class 10 Social Science Contemporary India Chapter 7

Lifelines of National Economy Class 10 Solutions 

The presence of efficient transport is imperative for any economy. It helps facilitate the movement of goods and services where they are required at the right time. The pace of development of a country depends on the production of goods and services and their movement from one place to another. Businesses may transport these commodities and services across three major areas of our planet: land, sea and air. Transport can also be categorised into the land, water and air transport based on these factors. Transport was able to accomplish this thanks to a similarly constructed communication infrastructure. Transport, communication, and trade are therefore mutually beneficial. Despite its vast size, diversity and linguistic and socio-cultural heterogeneity, India is now well-connected with the rest of the globe. Railways, airways, rivers, newspapers, radio, television, cinema and the internet among other things, have all played a role in the country’s socioeconomic development. Trades from the local to the international levels have boosted the economy’s competitiveness. Students should have an in-depth understanding of the various modes of transport that aid businesses and nations worldwide. The Lifelines of National Economy Class 10 Solutions will help students easily understand all these concepts.

A thorough understanding of the Lifelines of National Economy Class 10 Solutions will help them understand the importance of various transportation methods. Students will learn about land, air and waterway transportation and the different transport services used within them. The chapter is fairly simple in itself but practising, learning and revising with the help of these solutions will help the students take their preparations a notch higher than before. The Lifelines Of National Economy Class 10 Questions And Answers are made by industry experts in an easy-to-understand language, providing students with easy access to help them better understand the ideas presented in the chapter.

Students are commonly advised to read the NCERT Solutions for each chapter to deepen their understanding and gain more insight into the subject. Extramarks designed Lifelines of National Economy Class 10 Solutions to help students understand, structure and refine their answers using solutions. The Lifelines Of National Economy Class 10 NCERT solutions were developed by subject matter specialists who adhered to the most recent CBSE criteria while satisfying the demands of all students regardless of level. Students benefit from improved subject understanding which enhances overall academic success.

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Key Topics Covered in Lifelines of National Economy Class 10 Solutions 

For students studying Class 10 Geography, the chapter on National Economy Lifelines is quite important. Transportation is a vital activity for the country. The Lifelines of National Economy Class 10 Solutions will provide students with a thorough comprehension of the critical topics discussed in Chapter 7. The Lifelines of National Economy Class 10 Solutions allow students to practice the whole chapter effortlessly.

The key topics covered in Lifelines of National Economy Class 10 Solutions are given below

• Transport
• Roadways
• Railways
• Pipelines
• Waterways
• Major Sea Ports
• Airways
• Communication
• International Trade
• Tourism as a Trade

A detailed description of the topics as given in the Lifelines of National Economy Class 10 Solutions is mentioned below:

Transport

The  major modes of transportation include land, sea, and air. Transportation could also be categorised as land, marine or air transportation. Let us look at the detailed description mentioned in the Lifelines of National Economy Class 10 Solutions.

Roadways

India has one of the largest road networks in the world, with a length of about 62.16 lakh kilometres. The following examples demonstrate the growing importance of automobile transportation over rail transportation:

1. It costs substantially less to develop roads than rail.
2. Roads can traverse steeper terrain and are easily incorporated into mountains such as the Himalayas.
3. Roads can reach geographically more challenging regions that can’t be reached by rail.
4. It additionally provides door-to-door service.
5. Road travel is inexpensive.
6. Road transportation links seaports, airports and railway stations.

According to their capacity, India’s roads are divided into six groups, as mentioned in the Lifelines of National Economy Class 10 Solutions.

1. Golden Quadrilateral Super Highways: The Golden Quadrilateral is a network of highways that connects India’s four largest urban centres: Delhi, Kolkata, Chennai and Mumbai. The National Highway Authority of India is in charge of implementing these road projects (NHAI). The primary goal of these Super Highways is to shorten the time and distance between India’s megacities.
2. National Highways: National Highways connect remote regions of the nation. The National Highways are a network of trunk roads built and maintained by the Central Public Works Department (CPWD). Between Delhi and Amritsar, the historical Sher-Shah Suri Marg is National Highway No. 1.
3. State Highways: Roads connecting a state capital to many district headquarters are called State Highways. The State Public Works Department (PWD) builds and maintains these highways in states and union territories.
4. District Roads: These routes connect the district headquarters to other locations. The Zila Parishad is in charge of maintaining these roads.
5. Other Roads: This category includes rural highways that connect rural areas and villages with towns. The Pradhan Mantri Grameen Sadak Yojana gave these roads extra attention. Special measures are made under this strategy to ensure that every village in the country is connected to a large town by an all-season motorable road.
6. Border Roads: The Border Roads Organization builds and maintains roads in the country’s border areas. This organisation was founded in 1960 to build strategic border routes in the northern and northeastern regions.
7. Additionally, roads can be categorised according to the materials used in their construction, including the following:

• Metalled roads can be formed of bitumen from coal, cement or even concrete. These are all-weather roads.
• Unmetalled roads are rendered inoperable during the wet season.

Railways

In India, railways are the primary mode of freight and passenger transportation. Railways also enable people to engage in various activities such as business, sightseeing, pilgrimage and the movement of commodities over large distances. Railways in India connect the country’s economic life and drive the development of industry and agriculture.

In India, railroads are the main mode of transportation for delivering heavy loads and bulky goods over long and short distances. Railways have grown in importance in the Indian economy. The country’s railway network distribution pattern has been heavily influenced by physiographic, economic and administrative considerations. The northern plains, with their wide level area, high population density, and abundant agricultural resources, provided the best conditions for their expansion.

However, there are several issues with train transportation as well, some of which are listed below:

1. Railroad lines across sandy plains are difficult to establish.
2. Railway tracks are laid across low hills, gaps, and tunnels in the rough landscape of the peninsular region.
3. The hilly regions of the Himalayas are also unfavourable for constructing railway lines due to higher elevation points of the surface, a low population and a lack of economic opportunities.
4. To develop rail lines, bridge construction across large river beds is required.

Pipelines

The pipeline transportation network is a relatively new addition to India’s transportation landscape. These were once employed to deliver water to towns and industries. When solids are turned into slurry, the slurry can also be sent through a pipeline. Although installing pipelines has a significant upfront cost, ongoing maintenance is cheap. It eliminates delays or losses while transporting goods.

The pipeline system transports and distributes fluids via pipes, which are often underground. They transport water, crude oil, petroleum products, natural gas, fertiliser facilities and big thermal power plants.

This country has three significant pipeline networks, as mentioned in the Lifelines of National Economy Class 10 Solutions.

1. From  Hazira in Gujarat to Jagdishpur in Uttar Pradesh
2. Salaya in Gujarat to Jalandhar in Punjab
3. Kanpur to the upper Assam oil fields (Uttar Pradesh)

Waterways

Waterways are the most cost-effective mode of transportation. They are best suited for transporting large and bulky items. It is a low-emission and environmentally beneficial means of transportation.

India’s National Waterways, as mentioned in the Lifelines of National Economy Class 10 Solutions:

1. The Ganga river between Allahabad and Haldia, N.W. No (1620 km).
2. The Brahmaputra River between Sadiya and Dhubri, N.W. No (891 km).
3. Kerala’s West Coast Canal, N.W. No. 3, (Kottapuram-Kollam, Udyogamandal and Champakara canals-205 km).
4. N.W. No. 4 – Specific portions of the Krishna and Godavari rivers and the Kakinada-Puducherry canal length (1078 km).
5. N.W. No. 5 – Specified Brahmani River lengths, along with the Matai River, the Mahanadi and Brahmani River Delta Channels, and the East Coast Canal (588 km).

14,500 km of inland waterways are available for navigation in India. Only 5685 km of them can be navigated by mechanical vessels.

Besides, India’s trade with foreign countries is conducted through ports along the coast. The sea transports 95% of the country’s trade volume (68% in value).

Major Sea Ports

With a 7,516.6-kilometre-long coastline, India has 12 major ports and 200 recognised non-major (minor/intermediate) ports. These large ports handle 95% of India’s international trade.

The list of India’s principal ports is as follows:

1. Kandla in Kachchh was the first port to be established following independence. It is also known as the Deendayal Port.
2. Mumbai is the most populous port, having a large natural and well-protected harbour.
3. Mormugao port (Goa) is India’s leading iron ore exporting port.
4. Mangalore port, located in Karnataka, handles iron ore exports.
5. Kochi is the most southwestern port, situated at the entrance of a lagoon.
6. Tuticorin port is located in the extreme southeast.
7. Chennai is one of India’s oldest artificial ports.
8. Visakhapatnam is the deepest and best-protected landlocked port.
9. The Odisha port of Paradip specialises in the export of iron ore.
10. Kolkata is a riverine port on the Indian subcontinent.
11. Haldia port was built as a subsidiary port to relieve the growing load on the Kolkata port.

Airways

Air travel is the quickest, most comfortable and most prestigious means of transportation. Access to geographical locations such as steep mountains, harsh deserts, dense woods, and vast oceans has been facilitated by air transportation. In 1953, air transportation was nationalised. Air India offers both domestic and international air services. Oil and Natural Gas Corporation uses helicopter services from Pawan Hans Helicopters Ltd. for its offshore operations in challenging terrain and inaccessible locations. However, regular folks cannot afford to travel by plane.

Communication

Television, radio, the press, films and other forms of communication are widely used in India.

The Indian postal network is the world’s largest. It deals with both packages and personal written messages.

1. First-class mail is airlifted between stations on land and in the air.
2. Second-class mail includes book packs, registered newspapers and periodicals. Surface mail is used to carry them over land and ocean.

India possesses one of Asia’s largest telecom networks. Combining advancements in space technology and communication technology, Subscriber Trunk Dialling (STD) services are now available throughout India.

1. Mass communication entertains people while raising awareness of various national programmes and policies. It encompasses radio, television, newspapers, periodicals, books and films.
2. India Radio Channel (Akashwani) transmits various programmes in national, regional and local languages.
3. The national television network, Doordarshan, is one of the world’s largest terrestrial networks.
4. India publishes a significant number of newspapers in over 100 different languages and dialects.

International Trade

Trade is the exchange of goods between individuals, states and countries. International trade refers to trade between two nations. It serves as the country’s economic gauge. The fundamental elements of trade are exports and imports. The difference between a country’s exports and imports is its trade balance.

1. If the value of imports exceeds the value of exports, we have an unfavourable trade balance.
2. A positive trade balance occurs when the value of exports exceeds the value of imports.

Products exported from India to other nations include precious stones and jewellery, chemicals and related products, agricultural and related products and so on. Products imported into India include crude oil and items, gemstones and jewellery, chemicals and associated products, basic metals, electrical goods, machinery, agriculture and related products.

India has developed as an international software giant, gaining significant foreign cash through the export of information technology.

Students can refer to the Class 10 Geography Lifelines Of National Economy Solutions to understand more about the various concepts present in Chapter 7.

Tourism as a Trade

The tourist sector directly employs more than 15 million people. India’s tourism helps the following:

1. Encourages national integration
2. It supports regional artistic and cultural activities.
3. Tourism contributes to the advancement of international awareness of Indian culture and heritage. Foreign tourists come to India for various reasons, including heritage tourism, ecotourism, adventure tourism, cultural tourism, medical tourism and business travel.

Lifelines of National Economy Class 10 Solutions: Exercise and Solutions

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Students can view Lifelines of National Economy Class 10 Solutions by clicking on the links below:

Class 10 Geography Chapter 7: Very Short Answer Type Questions

Class 10 Geography Chapter 7: Short Answer Type Questions

Class 10 Geography Chapter 7: Long Answer Type Questions

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Key Features of Lifelines of National Economy Class 10 Solutions 

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