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Critical Velocity Formula
The Critical Velocity of the fluid is the velocity at which the liquid flow transitions from streamlined to turbulent. When the fluid in the pipe has a modest velocity, the streamlines are straight, parallel lines. As the fluid’s velocity rises, the streamline remains straight and parallel to the pipe wall. When the Velocity hits its limit, it begins to create patterns. The Critical Velocity will scatter the streamlines throughout the pipe.
The sewer pipes are progressively inclined to allow gravity to operate on the fluid flow, keeping the flow non-critical. Because solid particles are present in the flow, the excessive velocity of the flow can induce pipe erosion, resulting in pipe damage. Pipe damaged by the action of high-velocity fluid can be repaired by utilising trenchless methods such as cured-in-place pipe, pipe bursting, and slip lining.
The Critical Velocity Formula of a fluid may be estimated using the Reynolds number, which defines streamlined or turbulent airflow. It’s a dimensionless variable that can be determined with a formula.
Critical Velocity Types
Lower Critical Velocity:
The rate at which laminar flow ceases or switches to the transition phase. There is a temporal difference between laminar and turbulent flow. Experiments have shown that when a laminar flow transitions to turbulence, the transition is gradual. There is, however, a transition period between the two types of fluxes. In 1883, Prof. Reynolds Osborne pioneered this experiment.
Upper Critical Velocity:
The Critical Velocity at which a flow switches from a transition phase to a turbulent flow is referred to as the “greater or higher Critical velocity.”
The Critical Velocity Formula is the speed and direction at which a liquid’s flow in a tube transitions from smooth to turbulent. The critical velocity is determined by a variety of variables, but the Reynolds number characterises the flow of liquid through a tube as turbulent or laminar. The Reynolds number is a dimensionless variable, meaning it has no units associated with it. The Critical Velocity Formula will be discussed in the Critical Velocity Formula.
How to Calculate Critical Velocity?
The speed at which gravity and air resistance on a falling object are equalised is known as the Critical Velocity Formula of the object. The alternate method of elucidating Critical Velocity is to determine the speed and direction at which a fluid will flow through a conduit without becoming turbulent. Turbulent flow is described as an unpredictable fluid flow that changes amplitude and direction continually.
The quantity of gas necessary to maintain fluids entrained in the gas stream and raised to the surface is described as “critical velocity.” The higher the line pressure, the higher the needed flow rate. The bigger the pipe or tube, the greater the needed flow rate. Reynolds demonstrated experimentally that if the average velocity of the flow of a certain liquid is less than a specific value, the motion is streamlined, and if it is more than this value, the flow becomes turbulent.
The critical velocity of a liquid flowing through a tube is calculated using the Critical Velocity Formula
The Critical Velocity Formula (Vc) = K η / ρ r
where
The critical velocity is the Vc
Reynold’s number is the K
The coefficient of the viscosity of the liquid is η
The radius of the tube through which the liquid flows is r
The density of the liquid is ρ
Sample Problems
To do effectively on tests or competitive exams, students must have conceptual clarity. As a result, Extramarks offers Critical Velocity Formula sample problems to students. They can quickly acquire new knowledge and fully grasp the subject’s topic. Learning Mathematics needs the study and comprehension of concepts, as well as the practice of Critical Velocity Formula-based problems. There are several advantages to having example questions on the volume of a triangular prism on hand. To avoid confusion, Extramarks practice questions are separated into exercises for each topic. The Critical Velocity Formula and other workout methods just make studying simpler for students who are already stressed. Professional faculty members methodically create the Critical Velocity Formula and other Extramarks tools. Learning from the best teachers and professionals. For revision and clarification, use the Extramarks study resources and additional tasks. Extramarks materials can help you prepare for any competitive exam.It enables students to prepare for the actual exam. The Critical Velocity Formula may be downloaded in PDF format. The Critical Velocity Formula may aid students in understanding the chapter’s themes and challenges.