NCERT Books Class 11 Geography include Fundamentals of Physical Geography, the official Class 11 Geography textbook for the 2026 academic year. The book explains geography as a discipline and covers the Earth, landforms, climate, oceans and biodiversity through 14 chapters across 6 units.
Key Takeaways
- Book Name: Fundamentals of Physical Geography.
- Class: Class 11.
- Subject: Geography.
- Total Chapters: 14 chapters across 6 units.
- Edition: Reprint 2026-27.
- Core Focus: Physical geography, Earth systems, climate, oceans and biodiversity.
NCERT Books Class 11 Geography Structure 2026
| Book |
Units |
Chapters |
| Fundamentals of Physical Geography |
6 units |
14 chapters |
| Core Area |
Physical Geography |
Earth, landforms, climate, oceans and life |
| Extra Section |
Glossary |
Geography terms and meanings |
NCERT Class 11 Geography Book 2026 Overview
The NCERT Class 11 Geography Book is titled Fundamentals of Physical Geography. It introduces students to physical geography by explaining the Earth’s origin, interior, landforms, atmosphere, climate, oceans and biodiversity.
The textbook is divided into six units: Geography as a Discipline, The Earth, Landforms, Climate, Water or Oceans, and Life on the Earth. It also includes a glossary for important geography terms.
NCERT Class 11 Geography Chapter List
| Unit |
Chapter No. |
Chapter Name |
| Unit I: Geography as a Discipline |
1 |
Geography as a Discipline |
| Unit II: The Earth |
2 |
The Origin and Evolution of the Earth |
| Unit II: The Earth |
3 |
Interior of the Earth |
| Unit II: The Earth |
4 |
Distribution of Oceans and Continents |
| Unit III: Landforms |
5 |
Geomorphic Processes |
| Unit III: Landforms |
6 |
Landforms and their Evolution |
| Unit IV: Climate |
7 |
Composition and Structure of Atmosphere |
| Unit IV: Climate |
8 |
Solar Radiation, Heat Balance and Temperature |
| Unit IV: Climate |
9 |
Atmospheric Circulation and Weather Systems |
| Unit IV: Climate |
10 |
Water in the Atmosphere |
| Unit IV: Climate |
11 |
World Climate and Climate Change |
| Unit V: Water Oceans |
12 |
Water Oceans |
| Unit V: Water Oceans |
13 |
Movements of Ocean Water |
| Unit VI: Life on the Earth |
14 |
Biodiversity and Conservation |
NCERT Class 11 Geography Chapter Overview
Chapter 1, Geography as a Discipline: Introduces geography, its branches and its relationship with natural and social sciences.
Chapter 2, The Origin and Evolution of the Earth: Explains theories related to Earth’s origin, evolution and early formation.
Chapter 3, Interior of the Earth: Covers Earth’s internal structure, rocks, seismic waves and sources of information.
Chapter 4, Distribution of Oceans and Continents: Explains continental drift, plate tectonics and the present distribution of land and water.
Chapter 5, Geomorphic Processes: Covers weathering, mass movement, erosion, deposition and landform-forming processes.
Chapter 6, Landforms and their Evolution: Explains landforms created by rivers, glaciers, winds, waves and groundwater.
Chapter 7, Composition and Structure of Atmosphere: Covers atmospheric gases, layers of the atmosphere and their features.
Chapter 8, Solar Radiation, Heat Balance and Temperature: Explains insolation, heat budget and temperature distribution.
Chapter 9, Atmospheric Circulation and Weather Systems: Covers pressure belts, winds, cyclones, monsoon and weather systems.
Chapter 10, Water in the Atmosphere: Explains humidity, condensation, clouds, precipitation and rainfall types.
Chapter 11, World Climate and Climate Change: Covers world climates, climatic classification and global climate change.
Chapter 12, Water Oceans: Introduces ocean relief, ocean temperature, salinity and ocean resources.
Chapter 13, Movements of Ocean Water: Explains waves, tides, ocean currents and their effects.
Chapter 14, Biodiversity and Conservation: Covers ecosystems, biodiversity, threats and conservation methods.
NCERT Class 11 Geography Book PDF
Students can download the NCERT Class 11 Geography Book PDF from official NCERT platforms. They should use the latest 2026-27 reprint of Fundamentals of Physical Geography to match the current chapter list and rationalised content.